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Quantum computing utilizes quantum mechanics principles, enabling qubits to exist in superpositions for enhanced computational power. Key concepts include qubits, the Bloch Sphere representation, entanglement, and quantum algorithms that offer significant speed-ups for various applications. Despite current limitations, ongoing research aims to develop fault-tolerant systems and hybrid approaches, indicating a promising future for the field.

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6 views

quantum_computing_research_paper

Quantum computing utilizes quantum mechanics principles, enabling qubits to exist in superpositions for enhanced computational power. Key concepts include qubits, the Bloch Sphere representation, entanglement, and quantum algorithms that offer significant speed-ups for various applications. Despite current limitations, ongoing research aims to develop fault-tolerant systems and hybrid approaches, indicating a promising future for the field.

Uploaded by

v.dujardin59
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quantum Computing: Principles and Potential

Introduction
Quantum computing leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computation. Unlike

classical bits which are either 0 or 1, quantum bits, or qubits, can exist in a superposition of states,

enabling powerful parallel processing capabilities. This paper introduces the core principles of

quantum computing and explores its revolutionary potential.

1. Qubits and Superposition


Qubits are the basic units of quantum information. They can exist in a state |0>, |1>, or any

superposition a|0> + b|1>, where a and b are complex amplitudes satisfying |a|² + |b|² = 1. This

allows a single qubit to encode more information than a classical bit.

2. Bloch Sphere Representation


The Bloch Sphere is a geometric representation of a qubit's state. Any pure state of a qubit

corresponds to a point on the surface of a unit sphere. Quantum gates can be visualized as

rotations of the qubit vector around this sphere.

3. Entanglement and Quantum Logic


Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon where the states of multiple qubits become linked.

Measuring one qubit immediately affects the other, regardless of distance. This non-classical

correlation is fundamental to quantum computation and communication.

4. Quantum Algorithms and Applications


Quantum algorithms like Shor's (for factoring) and Grover's (for search) demonstrate exponential or

quadratic speed-ups over their classical counterparts. Applications include cryptography, material

simulation, optimization, and AI.

5. Current Limitations and Future Outlook


Current quantum computers are limited by decoherence, error rates, and scalability. Research

focuses on building fault-tolerant quantum systems and developing hybrid quantum-classical

approaches to exploit near-term devices (NISQ era).

Conclusion
Quantum computing is poised to revolutionize technology, but it remains a field in its early stages.

With ongoing research and investment, it may soon unlock solutions to problems previously deemed

intractable.

References
[1] Nielsen, M. A., & Chuang, I. L. (2010). Quantum Computation and Quantum Information.

[2] Preskill, J. (2018). Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond.

[3] Shor, P. W. (1994). Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring.

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