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Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the conclusion that follows in a single step from the given premises.
1. Given the following premises:

1. ∼R ≡ ˜R
2. N • ˜T
3. R ⊃ ˜(N • ˜T)
a. ∼T 2, Simp
b. (N • ∼T) ⊃ ∼R 3, Trans
c. ∼R 2, 3, MT
d. R ⊃ (∼N ∨ ∼∼T) 3, DM
e. ∼R 1, Taut
ANSWER: d

2. Given the following premises:

1. G • ˜A
2. K ⊃ (G • ˜A)
3. G⊃M
a. (K ⊃ G ) ⊃ ˜A 2, Exp
b. K ⊃ (˜A • G) 2, Com
c. (K ⊃ G) • ˜A 2, Assoc
d. K 1, 2, MP
e. M 1, 3, MP
ANSWER: b

3. Given the following premises:

1. ∼(Q • ∼S)
2. ∼F ⊃ (Q • ∼S)
3. H ∨ (Q • ∼S)
a. (H • Q) ∨ (H • ∼S) 3, Dist
b. ∼Q ∨ S 1, DM
c. F 1, 2, MT
d. H 1, 3, DS
e. ∼∼F 1, 2, MT
ANSWER: e

4. Given the following premises:

1. N
2. R ⊃ ∼N
3. ∼C • (T ⊃ R)
a. ∼C 3, Simp
b. T ⊃ ∼N 2, 3, HS
c. (∼C • T) ⊃ R 3, Assoc
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
d. ∼R 1, 2, MT
e. N ⊃ ∼R 2, Trans
ANSWER: a

5. Given the following premises:

1. (K • ∼T) ∨ (K • ∼H)
2. ∼M ⊃ (K • ∼H)
3. ∼(K • ∼H)
a. ∼K ∨ H 3, DM
b. K • ∼T 1, 3, DS
c. K • (∼T ∨ ∼H) 1, Dist
d. M 2, 3, MT
e. (∼M • K) ⊃ ∼H 2, Exp
ANSWER: c

6. Given the following premises:

1. A
2. G ⊃ (A ⊃ ∼L)
3. ∼A ∨ ∼G
a. A ∨ G 3, DN
b. (G ⊃ A) ⊃ ∼L 2, Assoc
c. ∼L 1, 2, MP
d. ∼G 1, 3, DS
e. G ⊃ (∼∼L ⊃ ∼A) 2, Trans
ANSWER: e

7. Given the following premises:

1. (S ⊃ ∼F) • (∼F ⊃ B)
2. S ∨ ∼F
3. ∼F
a. S ⊃ B 1, HS
b. ∼F ∨ B 1, 2, CD
c. S 2, 3, DS
d. B 1, 3, MP
e. ∼S 1, 3, MT
ANSWER: b

8. Given the following premises:

1. N≡R
2. (N • ∼R) ⊃ C
3. N
a. (N ⊃ R) ∨ (R ⊃ N) 1, Equiv
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
b. N • (∼R ⊃ C) 2, Assoc
c. C ⊃ (N • ∼R) 2, Com
d. N ⊃ (∼R ⊃ C) 2, Exp
e. R 1, 3, MP
ANSWER: d

9. Given the following premises:

1. ∼M ⊃ S
2. ∼M
3. (M ∨ H) ∨ ∼S
a. H 2, 3, DS
b. M ∨ H 3, Simp
c. M ∨ (H ∨ ∼S) 3, Assoc
d. ∼S 1, 2, MP
e. M ∨ S 1, Impl
ANSWER: c

10. Given the following premises:

1. (J • ∼N) ∨ T
2. ∼(J • ∼N)
3. ∼T
a. T 1, 2, DS
b. ∼J ∨ N 2, DM
c. J • ∼N 1, 3, DS
d. J • (∼N ∨ T) 1, Assoc
e. ∼J 2, Simp
ANSWER: a

11. Given the following premises:

1. ∼U ⊃ (S • K)
2. R ⊃ (∼U • ∼U)
3. S ≡ ∼U
a. (∼U • S) ⊃ K 1, Exp
b. R ⊃ U 2, DN
c. R ⊃ ∼U 2, Taut
d. R ⊃ (S • K) 1, 2, HS
e. (S ⊃ U) • (∼U ⊃ ∼S) 3, Equiv
ANSWER: c

12. Given the following premises:

1. ∼I ∨ ∼∼B
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
2. M ⊃ ∼I
3. I
a. M ⊃ ∼∼B 1, 2, HS
b. ∼∼B 1, 3, DS
c. ∼M 2, 3, MT
d. ∼I ⊃ M 2, Com
e. ∼(I • ∼B) 1, DM
ANSWER: e

13. Given the following premises:

1. ∼N • ∼F
2. K ⊃ (N • F)
3. U ∨ (K • ∼N)
a. ∼K 1, 2, MT
b. (U ∨ K) • ∼N 3, Assoc
c. (K • N) ⊃ F 2, Exp
d. (U ∨ K) • (U ∨ ∼N) 3, Dist
e. ∼(N • F) 1, DM
ANSWER: d

14. Given the following premises:

1. D⊃H
2. ∼D
3. ˜(D • S)
a. ∼H 1, 2, MT
b. ∼D ∨ (D ⊃ H) 2, Add
c. H ⊃ D 1, Com
d. S 2, 3, DS
e. ∼D • ∼S 3, DM
ANSWER: b

15. Given the following premises:

1. A
2. (A ⊃ ∼T) ⊃ ∼G
3. Q ⊃ (A ⊃ ∼T)
a. Q ⊃ (T ⊃ ∼A) 3, Trans
b. (Q ⊃ A) ⊃ ∼T 3, Assoc
c. A ⊃ (∼T • ∼G) 2, Exp
d. ∼T 1, 3, MP
e. Q ⊃ ∼G 2, 3, HS
ANSWER: e

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4

Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
16. Given the following premises:

1. P • (∼H ∨ D)
2. ∼(∼P • ∼H)
3. (P ⊃ ∼H) • (∼P ⊃ H)
a. P ≡ ∼H 3, Equiv
b. ∼H ∨ D 1, Simp
c. (P • ∼H) ∨ D 1, Assoc
d. P • (H ⊃ D) 1, Impl
e. P • H 2, DN
ANSWER: d

17. Given the following premises:

1. N∨C
2. (N ∨ C) ⊃ (F ⊃ C)
3. ∼C
a. F ⊃ C 1, 2, MP
b. N 1, 3, DS
c. ∼F 2, 3, MT
d. ∼N 1, 3, MT
e. ∼C • R 3, Add
ANSWER: a

18. Given the following premises:

1. (S • ∼J) ∨ (∼S • ∼∼J)

2. S ∨ ∼S
3. ∼J ⊃ P
a. S 2, Taut
b. ∼J ∨ ∼∼J 1, 2, CD
c. S ≡ ∼J 1, Equiv
d. J ∨ P 3, Impl
e. ∼P ⊃ J 3, Trans
ANSWER: c

19. Given the following premises:

1. Q ⊃ (A ∨ ∼T)
2. T
3. A ∨ ∼T
a. Q ⊃ (∼∼A ∨ ∼T) 1, DN
b. (A ∨ ∼T) ⊃ Q 1, Com
c. (Q ⊃ A) ∨ ∼T 1, Assoc
d. Q 1, 3, MP
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
e. A 2, 3, DS
ANSWER: a

20. Given the following premises:

1. ∼E ⊃ P
2. ∼P
3. ∼(P ∨ ∼H)
a. ∼H 2, 3, DS
b. ∼P • ∼(P ∨ ∼H) 2, 3, Conj
c. ∼P • H 3, DM
d. E 1, 2, MT
e. ∼P ⊃ E 1, Trans
ANSWER: b

INSTRUCTIONS: Use natural deduction to derive the conclusion in each problem.

21. Use an ordinary proof (not conditional or indirect proof):

1. G ⊃ (H ⊃ K)
2. (H ∨ ∼M) ⊃ ∼K
3. H / ∼G
ANSWER: Answer not provided

22. Use an ordinary proof (not conditional or indirect proof):

1. ∼N ⊃ (∼R ⊃ C)
2. R ⊃ N
3. ∼C /N
ANSWER: Answer not provided

23. Use an ordinary proof (not conditional or indirect proof):

1. K ⊃ L
2. ∼K ∨ F
3. (L • F) ⊃ A
4. ∼A / ∼K
ANSWER: Answer not provided

24. Use conditional proof:

1. G ⊃ (E ⊃ N)
2. H ⊃ (∼N ⊃ E) / G ⊃ (H ⊃ N)
ANSWER: Answer not provided

25. Use indirect proof:

1. S ⊃ (R • ∼T)
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07 Test A
2. (S • R) ⊃ (T ∨ E)
3. (Q ∨ ∼T) ⊃ ∼E / ∼S
ANSWER: Answer not provided

26. Use natural deduction to prove the following logical truth:

[F • (D ⊃ ∼F)] ⊃ (D ⊃ A)
ANSWER: Answer not provided

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7

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