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2025apm02a2_t03_questions

The document is a tutorial for Applied Mathematics 2A, focusing on solving various differential equations and initial-value problems. It includes tasks such as finding general solutions, determining intervals of definition, and discussing the properties of integrating factors. Additionally, it covers exact differential equations and methods for ensuring equations are exact.

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9 views

2025apm02a2_t03_questions

The document is a tutorial for Applied Mathematics 2A, focusing on solving various differential equations and initial-value problems. It includes tasks such as finding general solutions, determining intervals of definition, and discussing the properties of integrating factors. Additionally, it covers exact differential equations and methods for ensuring equations are exact.

Uploaded by

tshegofatsomototo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Applied Mathematics 2A

APM02A2 Tutorial 03

1. For each of the following differential equations,

i) find the general solution of the differential equation,


ii) give the largest interval I over which the general solution is defined, and
iii) determine whether there are any transient terms in the general solution.
(a) y ′ + 2xy = x3
dy
(b) (1 + x) − xy = x + x2
dx
2. For each of the following initial-value problems, solve the given equation and find the largest
interval I over which the solution is defined.
dy 1
(a) = 2x − 3y, y(x0 ) =
dx 3
dT
(b) = k(T − Tm ), T (0) = T0 , where k, Tm , T0 are constants
dt
3. In determining the integrating factor
R
p(x) dx
µ(x) = e ,
R R
no integration constant was introduced when evaluating p(x) dx. Explain why p(x) dx+
c1 , where c1 is a constant, has no effect on the solution of the differential equation

y ′ + p(x)y = q(x).

4. Consider the system of differential equations


dx dy
= −λ1 x, = λ1 x − λ2 y,
dt dt
where λ1 and λ2 are constants. Discuss how you would approach solving this system. Derive
a solution for this system given the initial conditions x(t0 ) = x0 , y(t0 ) = y0 .

1
5. For the following differential equations, determine if the given differential equation is exact
and if it is, solve it.
 
1 dy y
(a) 2y − + cos(3x) + 2 − 4x3 + 3y sin(3x) = 0
x dx x
   
2 2
(b) 2y sin(x) cos(x) − y + 2y 2 exy dx = x − sin2 (x) − 4xyexy dy

6. Determine the value of k which will make the equation

6ty 3 + cos(y) dt + 2kt2 y 2 − t sin(y) dy = 0


 

Once you have determined it, solve the exact differential equation.

7. Discuss how the functions M (x, y) and N (x, y) can be found so that each differential
equation is exact. Implement your ideas.
 
xy 1
(a) M (x, y)dx + xe + 2xy + dy = 0
x
 
−1/2 1/2 x
(b) x y + 2 dx + N (x, y)dy = 0
x +y

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