 Rule: Prefix lagne se root word ke saath double

RULES OF SPELLING MISTAKE letters ban sakte hain.

 Example: "Dis-" + "satisfy" (असं्ुष करना) →
"dissatisfy" ("s" double). "Over-" + "rate" (अनधक
· "I" Before "E" (Sound ke Exceptions ke Saath) मूलयांकन) → "overrate" ("r" double).
 Note: "Dissatisfy" mein "s" do baar aata hai prefix
 Rule: "I" pehle aata hai "E" ke, lekin "C" ke baad "E" ki wajah se.
pehle aayega ya jab "ay" jaisa sound ho.
 Example: "Fancier" (शौकीन) mein "ie" hai kyunki · Silent "E" Hatao (Vowel Suffix ke Saath)
"C" nahi hai. "Deceit" (धोखा) mein "ei" hai kyunki
 Rule: Silent "e" hata do jab vowel suffix aaye, lekin
"C" ke baad hai. "Freight" (माल ढोना) mein "ei" hai consonant suffix ke saath rakho.
kyunki "ay" jaisa bolte hain.
 Example: "Excite" (उतमने् करना) → "excitable" ("e"
 Exception: "Caffeine" (कै फीन) mein "ei" hai, rule ke rakha). "Excite" → "exciting" ("e" hata diya).
against.
 Exception: "Dye" (रं गना) → "dyeing" ("e" rakha
 Note: "Freight" mein "ay" sound ki wajah se "ei"
likha jata hai. taaki "dying" se confuse na ho).
 Note: "Exciting" mein "e" gaya kyunki vowel suffix
aaya.
· Consonant Doubling (Zor ke Saath)

 Rule: Agar akhri hisse pe zor ho aur uske baad

· "C" ka Sound ("S" ya "K")
vowel suffix aaye, toh consonant double karo.
 Rule: "C" "s" jaisa bolta hai "e," "i," "y" ke pehle, aur
 Example: "Rebut" (खंडन करना) → "rebutted" (zor "k" jaisa "a," "o," "u" ke pehle.
"but" pe, isliye "t" double). "Confer" (समममलन करना)  Example: "Cynical" (ननंदक) mein "c" "s" jaisa.
→ "conferred" ("r" double).
"Coerce" (मेबूर करना) mein "s" sound. "Cactus"
 Alag: "Profit" (लाभ) → "profiting" (zor "pro" pe, toh
(नागफनत) mein "k" sound.
doubling nahi).
 Note: "Rebutted" mein "but" pe zor hai, isliye "t" do  Note: "Cynical" mein "c" "s" jaisa hai "i" ki wajah se.
baar likha.
· "O" se Khatam Words ka Plural
· Silent Letters (Purani Bhasha se)
 Rule: Consonant + "o" ke baad "es," vowel + "o" ke
 Rule: Kuch letters bolte nahi, jo Latin ya Greek se baad "s."
aaye.  Example: "Embargo" (पन्बंध) → "embargoes"
 Example: "Pneumonia" (ननमोननया) mein "p" silent (consonant ke baad "es"). "Portfolio" (दस्ावमे संगह)
(Greek). "Subtle" (सूकम) mein "b" silent (Latin). → "portfolios" (vowel ke baad "s").
 Note: "Embargo" ke baad consonant hai, toh "es"
"Wrestle" (कु श्त करना) mein "w" silent. laga.
 Note: "Pneumonia" mein "p" nahi bolte, yeh Greek
se aaya hai.
· "F" se "Ves" Plural Mein

· "Y" to "I" (Suffix ke Pehle)  Rule: Kuch "f" ya "fe" se khatam words plural mein
"ves" ban jate hain.
 Rule: "Y" "i" ban jata hai jab suffix aaye, lekin agar
 Example: "Thief" (िोर) → "thieves." "Scarf" (दुपटा)
suffix "i" se start ho toh "y" rahega.
→ "scarves" ya "scarfs" (dono chalte hain).
 Example: "Defy" (अवहमलना करना) → "defiance" ("y"
 Note: "Thieves" mein "f" "ves" ban gaya, lekin
"i" ban gaya). "Portray" (नित् करना) → exceptions bhi hote hain.
"portraying" ("y" waisa hi).
 Exception: "Shy" (शम्ला) → "shyness" ("y" "i" ban · "Able" vs "Ible" Suffix
gaya).
 Note: "Defiance" mein "y" "i" mein badal gaya  Rule: Poora root word ho toh "-able," Latin ya
suffix ke liye. incomplete root ho toh "-ible."
 Example: "Depend" (ननभ्र करना) → "dependable."
· Prefix aur Double Letters "Digest" (पिाना) → "digestible" (Latin root).
  Note: "Dependable" mein poora shabd hai, isliye "-
able" laga.

· "E" Before "I" in "-ei-" Words

 Rule: "Ei" tab aata hai jab "ee" jaisa sound ho ya

kuch exceptions mein.
 Example: "Receipt" (रसतद) mein "ei" hai kyunki "c"
ke baad hai. "Species" (पेान्) mein "ei" "ee" jaisa
bolta hai.
 Exception: "Leisure" (आराम) mein "ei" hai, lekin
sound alag ho sakta hai (accent pe depend karta
hai).
 Note: "Species" mein "ee" sound ke liye "ei" likha
jata hai.

· Doubling "L" (British vs American)

 Rule: British English mein "l" double hota hai suffix

se pehle, American mein aksar nahi.
 Example: "Cancel" (रद करना) → British: "cancelled"
(double "l"), American: "canceled" (single "l").
 Note: British mein "l" do baar likha jata hai,
American mein ek baar.

· "S" vs "C" (Noun se Verb Mein)

 Rule: Noun mein "s" ho, toh verb mein "c" ban
sakta hai.
 Example: "Licence" (अनुजा, noun) → "license"
(अनुमन् दमना, verb). "Prophecy" (भनवषयवा्त, noun)
→ "prophesy" (भनवषय ब्ाना, verb).
 Note: Verb banate waqt "s" "c" mein badal gaya.

· Vowel Pairs aur Digraphs

 Rule: Vowel pairs jaise "ea," "ai" ke specific sound

hote hain.
 Example: "Feasible" (संभव) mein "ea" "ee" jaisa
bolta hai. "Gauge" (मापना) mein "au" "ay" jaisa
sound deta hai.
 Note: "Feasible" mein "ea" ko "ee" ki tarah bolte
hain.

· Greek/Latin Roots mein "Ph," "Ch"

 Rule: Greek ya Latin words mein "ph" "f" jaisa aur

"ch" "k" jaisa bolta hai.
 Example: "Philosopher" (दाश्ननक) mein "ph" "f"
sound deta hai. "Orchestra" (आक् सेा) mein "ch" "k"
jaisa bolta hai.
 Note: "Philosopher" mein "ph" "f" ki awaaz deta hai.