BASIC CONCEPTS of MANAGEMENT new uses for older ones.

It is necessary This is composed of 4 or 5 phases based

to grow better. on the standards of the Project
“Management is the art of “knowing Management Institute.
what you want to do” and then seeing
The manger has to
that it is done in the best and cheapest
way - F.W.Taylor represent himself for the
organization. A manger must The 5 Phases of Project Management
Management as a process “consisting of win support effectively from consist of:
planning, organizing, actuating and different groups (either Project Initiation Phase
controlling, performed to determine internal or external). Project Planning Phase
and accomplish the objective by the use Execution Phase
of people and resources.” - George R.
IMPORTANCE OF MANGEMENT Monitoring and Control Phase
Terry
 Management is critical Project Closeout Phase
Functions of Management element in the critical growth
Planning - process of deciding the of the country.
business objectives and charting out the  Management is essential in all
plan/ method for achieving the same. organized effort, be it business
This function expected to be carried out activity or any other activity.
throughout the organization. It should be  Management is the dynamic,
performed by the manager at all levels. life giving element in every
Organizing - According to Allen, the organization.
organizing refers to “the structure which
results from identifying and grouping the LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
work, defining and delegating Lower level (first line): Foremen & white Initiation Phase - The
responsibility and authority and collar supervisor beginning phase of every project where
establishing relationships.” Middle management: Sales managers, a project manager is selected.
To organize a business is to provide it personnel managers, other departmental The project manager will meet with the
with everything useful to its functioning heads project sponsor and key stakeholders to
i.e. personnel, raw materials, Top management: Company presidents, determine the business or technical
machineries, capital etc. executives, vice presidents. objectives of the project.
Directing - Directing involves Key Outputs of this phase are:
communication, leadership and – Develop Project Charter
motivation. – Develop Preliminary Scope Statement
Communication - is the – Identification of all stakeholders
process of passing the information from – Divide the project into Phases
one person to other person. Planning Phase - One of the
Leadership - is the function largest and most important phases of
whereby the person or manager guides every project. The project manager will
and influences the work of his determine the team, identify roles and
subordinates. PROJECT MANAGEMENT responsibilities and solidify a scope
Motivation - is the process of A project is a temporary statement.
influencing the employee to give their endeavor designed to produce a unique At this phase the project manager will
best to the organization. product, service or result with a defined begin to develop different project plans.
Controlling beginning and end (usually Key Outputs of this phase are:
1. Establishing standards of timeconstrained, and often constrained – Create WBS and WBS Dictionary –
performance. by funding or deliverables) undertaken Develop Schedule
2. Measuring current performance and to meet unique goals and objectives, – Develop Budget. Determine roles and
comparing it against the established typically to bring about beneficial change Responsibilities
standard. or added value. – Develop Communication Plan –
3.Taking corrective action if the Project management is the Develop Risk Plan
performance does not meet the discipline of initiating, planning, – Create Performance measurement
standard. executing, controlling, and closing the baselines
4.Control compels the events to confirm work of a team to achieve specific goals – Develop Preliminary Scope Statement
to plans. and meet specific success criteria. – Test Plan. Determine the Critical Path
Innovation and Representation- These – Prepare procurement documents
are also two important additional – Create Process Improvement Plan
managerial functions. – Gain Formal Approval of all plans and
Innovation means crating new key deliverables
ideas which may either result in the Project Life Cycle - To provide the basic Triple Constraint is the methodology
development of new products or finding framework for managing a project. that if there is a change in cost, then the
change will impact schedule or the scope
and vice versa.
 projectiles that illustrate the dependencies.
NB. DPWH D.O. 133, s. 2015.

Execution Phase - This phase is

where you do the “work” or execute the
plan. This phase typically requires the The critical path (or paths) is the longest
most amount of time since the majority path (in time) from Start to Finish; it
of the work is done in this timeframe. indicates the minimum time necessary to
Key outputs of this phase are: complete the entire project.
– Signoff that key milestones are
complete.
– Documented performance reports.
Monitor and Controlling Phase
- The phase where results derived from
your new process or product are Gantt Chart- a visual view of tasks
compared to the metrics you outlined in scheduled over time.
your performance plan.
Key outputs of this phase are:
– Receive all signoffs that work is
completed as per requirements.
– Archive all project assets
– Create and document lessons learned S-Curve - an s-curve is a mathematical
Project Closure Phase - This is graph that depicts relevant cumulative
the final phase of the project life cycle. data for a project—such as cost or
Key outputs of this phase are: manhours—plotted against time.
– Receive all signoffs that work is
completed as per requirements.
– Index and archive all project assets
– Create and document lessons learned
Use of Software
• There are several project management
softwares in the market.
• Common paid software is MS Project.
• Free project management software.

Project Libre - is an open source, freely

available project management software
system intended ultimately as a
standalone replacement for Microsoft
Project.
Brainstorming – the gathering of ideas
related to project and product
requirements.
Work Breakdown Structure -a
hierarchical decomposition of the total
scope of work to be carried out by the
project team to accomplish the project
objectives and create the required
deliverables.

Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM) is a

strategy for developing a project schedule
network diagram that utilizes nodes to
represent activities and associates them with