Practical 3

1. MainActivity

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_light"

android:padding="16dp"

android:gravity="center">

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Main Activity"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:textColor="@android:color/white"

android:layout_marginBottom="32dp" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_second"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Go to Second Activity" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_third"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Go to Third Activity"

android:layout_marginTop="16dp" />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java

package com.example.one;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

Button buttonToSecond = findViewById(R.id.button_to_second);

Button buttonToThird = findViewById(R.id.button_to_third);

buttonToSecond.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class));

});
 buttonToThird.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, ThirdActivity.class));

});

2. SecondActivity

activity_second.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:background="@android:color/holo_green_light"

android:padding="16dp"

android:gravity="center">

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Second Activity"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:textColor="@android:color/white"

android:layout_marginBottom="32dp" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_first"
 android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Back to Main Activity" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_third"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Go to Third Activity"

android:layout_marginTop="16dp" />

</LinearLayout>

SecondActivity.java

package com.example.one;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);

Button buttonToFirst = findViewById(R.id.button_to_first);

Button buttonToThird = findViewById(R.id.button_to_third);

 buttonToFirst.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(SecondActivity.this, MainActivity.class));

});

buttonToThird.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(SecondActivity.this, ThirdActivity.class));

});

3. ThirdActivity

activity_third.java

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:background="@android:color/holo_purple"

android:padding="16dp"

android:gravity="center">

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:text="Third Activity"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:textColor="@android:color/white"

android:layout_marginBottom="32dp" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_first"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Back to Main Activity" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button_to_second"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Go to Second Activity"

android:layout_marginTop="16dp" />

</LinearLayout>

ThirdActivity.java

package com.example.one;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

public class ThirdActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_third);

Button buttonToFirst = findViewById(R.id.button_to_first);

Button buttonToSecond = findViewById(R.id.button_to_second);

buttonToFirst.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(ThirdActivity.this, MainActivity.class));

});

buttonToSecond.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

startActivity(new Intent(ThirdActivity.this, SecondActivity.class));

});

}
B. Demonstrating UI Components (register form)

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@drawable/abc"

android:orientation="vertical"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txtv1"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"

android:text="Registration Form"

android:textAlignment="center"

android:textColor="#071873"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:textStyle="bold" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/txtname"

android:layout_width="300dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Enter your name"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:layout_marginTop="80dp"

android:ems="10"
 android:padding="15dp"

android:textColor="@color/black"/>

<RadioGroup

android:id="@+id/rdgender"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal"

android:padding="15dp">

<RadioButton

android:id="@+id/rdmale"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Male"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:layout_weight="1"/>

<RadioButton

android:id="@+id/rdfemale"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Female"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:layout_weight="1"/>

</RadioGroup>

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal"

android:padding="10dp">

<CheckBox
 android:id="@+id/chkeng"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:text="English" />

<CheckBox

android:id="@+id/chkmarathi"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:text="Marathi" />

<CheckBox

android:id="@+id/chkhindi"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:text="Hindi" />

</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal"

android:padding="15dp">

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Select Course:"
 android:textColor="@color/black"

android:textSize="24sp"/>

<Spinner

android:id="@+id/spncourse"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="48dp"

android:textSize="28sp"

android:layout_weight="1" />

</LinearLayout>

<LinearLayout

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="horizontal">

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnsubmit"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:backgroundTint="#071873"

android:layout_marginLeft="25dp"

android:text="Submit" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/btncancel"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:backgroundTint="#071873"

android:layout_marginLeft="40dp"

android:text="Cancel" />

</LinearLayout>
 <TextView

android:id="@+id/txtop"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginTop="20dp"

android:textColor="@color/black"

android:textSize="22sp"/>

</LinearLayout>
MainActivity.kt

package com.example.pract5_2

import android.os.Bundle

import android.view.View

import android.widget.*

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

val cancel = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btncancel)

val submit = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnsubmit)

val nm = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.txtname)

val rdgen = findViewById<RadioGroup>(R.id.rdgender)

val chkeng = findViewById<CheckBox>(R.id.chkeng)

val chkmar = findViewById<CheckBox>(R.id.chkmarathi)

val chkhin = findViewById<CheckBox>(R.id.chkhindi)

val data = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.txtop)

// Add values in spinner using resources

val course = resources.getStringArray(R.array.course)

// Create an ArrayAdapter for the Spinner

val mycourse = findViewById<Spinner>(R.id.spncourse)

val arrayAdapter = ArrayAdapter(this,

android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line, course)

mycourse.adapter = arrayAdapter

var selcourse = ""

mycourse.onItemSelectedListener = object :
AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {
 override fun onItemSelected(

parent: AdapterView<*>,

view: View,

position: Int,

id: Long

) {

selcourse = course[position]

override fun onNothingSelected(parent: AdapterView<*>) {

selcourse = "Course is not selected"

cancel.setOnClickListener {

// Clear the input fields

nm.text.clear()

rdgen.clearCheck()

chkeng.isChecked = false

chkmar.isChecked = false

chkhin.isChecked = false

mycourse.setSelection(0) // Reset spinner selection

data.text = "" // Clear output TextView

submit.setOnClickListener {

// To retrieve value entered in EditText

var all = "Welcome " + nm.text.toString() + "\n"

// To retrieve selected radio button value

val selectGenId = rdgen.checkedRadioButtonId

if (selectGenId != -1) {

val g = findViewById<RadioButton>(selectGenId)

all += "You are " + g.text.toString() + "\n"

 }

// To retrieve selected checkbox values

var languages = "\nLanguages Known: "

if (chkeng.isChecked) {

languages += "English "

if (chkmar.isChecked) {

languages += "Marathi "

if (chkhin.isChecked) {

languages += "Hindi "

all += languages + "\n" + "Selected Course is: " + selcourse

// To display all retrieved values in TextView

data.text = all

strings.xml

<resources>

<string name="app_name">pract5-2</string>

<string-array name="course">

<item>BSc IT</item>

<item>BSc CS</item>

<item>BCA</item>

<item>BE</item>

</string-array>

</resources>
C. Demonstrating Fragments

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="600dp"

android:id="@+id/fragcv" />

<Button

android:layout_width="150dp"

android:layout_height="60dp"

android:id="@+id/btnfrag1"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:layout_marginStart="30dp"

android:text="Fragment 1" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnfrag2"

android:layout_width="150dp"

android:layout_height="60dp"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
 android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"

android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:layout_marginEnd="30dp"

android:text="Fragment 2" />

</RelativeLayout>

Add following lines in build.gradle.kts (Module : app) file

buildFeatures{

viewBinding = true

app→New→Fragment→select (BlankFragment)

Fragment1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#ED6C25"

tools:context=".Fragment1">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"
 android:fontFamily="monospace"

android:text="Fragment 1"

android:textColor="@color/black"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:textStyle="bold" />

</RelativeLayout>

Fragment2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#139E91"

tools:context=".Fragment2">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"

android:fontFamily="monospace"

android:text="Fragment 2"

android:textColor="@color/black"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:textStyle="bold" />

</RelativeLayout>
MainActivity.kt

package com.example.fragmentsdemo

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity

import android.os.Bundle

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment

import com.example.fragmentsdemo.databinding.ActivityMainBinding

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(layoutInflater)

setContentView(binding.root)

binding.btnfrag1.setOnClickListener {

replaceFragment(Fragment1()) // Ensure Fragment1 is defined

binding.btnfrag2.setOnClickListener {

replaceFragment(Fragment2()) // Ensure Fragment2 is defined

private fun replaceFragment(fragment: Fragment) {

val fragmentManager = supportFragmentManager

val fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction()

fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.fragcv, fragment)

fragmentTransaction.commit()

}
 Practical 4

Liner Layout (horizontal)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:gravity="center">

<Button

android:id="@+id/btn1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:backgroundTint="@color/yellow"

android:textColor="@color/black"

android:text="Start Service" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/btn2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Pause Service" />

<Button
 android:id="@+id/btn3"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:text="Stop Service" />

</LinearLayout>

Liner Layout (vertical)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="horizontal"

android:weightSum="3">

<Button

android:id="@+id/button"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:layout_weight="1"

android:backgroundTint="@color/yellow"

android:textColor="@color/black"

android:text="First"

/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/button2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Second" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/button3"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:text="Third" />

</LinearLayout>
2. RelativeLayout

<RelativeLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@drawable/bg">

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Welcome to LoginScreen"

android:layout_above="@id/edtuname"

android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"

android:layout_marginBottom="50dp"

android:textColor="@color/white"

android:textSize="30sp"

android:textAllCaps="true"/>

<EditText

android:id="@+id/edtuname"

android:layout_width="200dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Username"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:textColorHint="@color/black"

android:layout_marginLeft="70dp"

android:layout_above="@id/edtpasswd"/>

<EditText

android:id="@+id/edtpasswd"

android:layout_width="200dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:hint="Password"
 android:textSize="24sp"

android:layout_above="@id/btnsubmit"

android:layout_marginLeft="70dp"

android:textColorHint="@color/black"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnsubmit"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Submit"

android:padding="10dp"

android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"

android:layout_alignTop="@id/btncancel"

android:backgroundTint="#FF13227A"

android:textColor="@color/white"

android:textSize="25sp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/btncancel"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Cancel"

android:padding="10dp"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"

android:backgroundTint="#FF13227A"

android:textColor="@color/white"

android:textSize="25sp"/>

</RelativeLayout>
3. ConstraintLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="@drawable/bg"

>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txtwelcome"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Welcome Page"

android:textColor="@color/white"

android:textSize="30sp"

app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"

app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"

app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"

android:layout_marginTop="200dp"/>

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnlogin"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginStart="148dp"

android:layout_marginTop="68dp"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:text="Login"

android:textSize="25sp"

app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
 app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/txtwelcome" />

<Button

android:id="@+id/btnsignup"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginTop="184dp"

android:layout_marginEnd="140dp"

android:backgroundTint="@color/black"

android:text="Sign In"

android:textSize="25sp"

app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"

app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/txtwelcome" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
4. TableLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<TableLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_marginTop="10dp"

android:paddingLeft="5dp"

android:paddingRight="5dp"

android:stretchColumns="*">

<!-- Title Text -->

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="TYIT Student List:"

android:textSize="30sp"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:layout_marginTop="20dp"

android:gravity="center"/>

<!-- Header Row -->

<TableRow

android:background="#51B435"

android:padding="10dp"

android:layout_marginTop="30dp">

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Roll No"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textSize="20sp"/>

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Name of Student"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textSize="20sp"/>

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="City"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textSize="20sp"/>

</TableRow>

<!-- Student Rows -->

<TableRow

android:background="#F0F7F7"

android:padding="10dp">

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="1"

android:textSize="18sp"/>
 <TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Neha Sharma"

android:textSize="18sp"/>

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Chiplun"

android:textSize="18sp"/>

</TableRow>

<TableRow

android:background="#FFFFFF"

android:padding="10dp">

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="2"

android:textSize="18sp"/>

<TextView

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Amit Verma"

android:textSize="18sp"/>

<TextView
 android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:text="Mumbai"

android:textSize="18sp"/>

</TableRow>

<!-- Add more rows as required -->

</TableLayout>
# Make a form using TableLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<TableLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#000"

android:stretchColumns="1"

android:padding="20dp"

tools:context=".MainActivity">

<!-- Title Row -->

<TableRow android:padding="5dp">

<TextView

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"

android:gravity="center"

android:text="Login Form"

android:textColor="#0ff"

android:textSize="30sp"

android:textStyle="bold" />

</TableRow>

<!-- Username Row -->

<TableRow>

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"

android:text="Username"
 android:textColor="#fff"

android:textSize="20sp" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/userName"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"

android:background="#fff"

android:hint="Enter username"

android:padding="5dp"

android:textColor="#000"

android:textSize="20sp" />

</TableRow>

<!-- Password Row -->

<TableRow>

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"

android:layout_marginTop="20dp"

android:text="Password"

android:textColor="#fff"

android:textSize="20sp" />

<EditText

android:id="@+id/password"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"

android:layout_marginTop="20dp"

android:background="#fff"

android:hint="Enter password"
 android:padding="5dp"

android:textColor="#000"

android:textSize="20sp"

android:inputType="textPassword"/>

</TableRow>

<!-- Login Button Row -->

<TableRow android:layout_marginTop="20dp">

<Button

android:id="@+id/loginBtn"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:backgroundTint="#0ff"

android:text="Login"

android:textColor="#000"

android:textSize="24sp"

android:textStyle="bold" />

</TableRow>

</TableLayout>

TableLayout2.kt

package com.example.myapplication

import android.os.Bundle

import android.widget.Button

import android.widget.EditText

import android.widget.Toast

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity

class TableLayout2 : AppCompatActivity() {

 override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

setContentView(R.layout.activity_table_layout2)

val username = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.userName)

val password = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.password)

val loginBtn = findViewById<Button>(R.id.loginBtn)

loginBtn.setOnClickListener {

val user = username.text.toString()

val pass = password.text.toString()

if (user == "admin" && pass == "1234") {

Toast.makeText(this, "Login Successful!",

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()

} else {

Toast.makeText(this, "Invalid Credentials!",

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()

}
5. FrameLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<FrameLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

tools:context=".FrameLayout">

<!-- Background Image -->

<!-- Header Text -->

<TextView

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Programming Languages"

android:layout_marginTop="280dp"

android:textSize="38sp"

android:background="@color/black"

android:textColor="@color/white"

android:textAlignment="center"

android:textStyle="bold" />

<!-- Python Image -->

<!-- Python Label -->

<ImageView

android:layout_width="355dp"

android:layout_height="209dp"

android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"

android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
 android:src="@drawable/py" />

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Python"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:textColor="#2196F3"

android:layout_marginTop="150dp"

android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

<!-- Kotlin Image -->

<ImageView

android:layout_width="400dp"

android:layout_height="300dp"

android:layout_marginTop="400dp"

android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"

android:src="@drawable/kt" />

<!-- Kotlin Label -->

<TextView

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Kotlin"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:textStyle="bold"

android:textColor="#673AB7"

android:layout_marginTop="530dp"

android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />

</FrameLayout>
6. ListView

activity_view.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:padding="16dp">

<!-- ListView to display programming languages -->

<ListView

android:id="@+id/listView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

ListView2.java

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;

import android.widget.ListView;

import androidx.activity.EdgeToEdge;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import androidx.core.graphics.Insets;

import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat;

import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat;

public class ListView2 extends AppCompatActivity {

 @Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_view);

// Array of programming languages to display in the ListView

String[] languages = {"Kotlin", "Python", "C", "C++", "PHP", "Java",

"JavaScript"};

// Get reference to the ListView from the layout

ListView listView = findViewById(R.id.listView);

// Create an ArrayAdapter to bind data to the ListView

ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<>(this,

android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, languages);

// Set the adapter to the ListView

listView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

}
7. GridView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<GridLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:rowCount="4"

android:columnCount="2"

android:layout_marginTop="20dp"

>

<!-- First row with image and text -->

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/img1"

android:layout_width="173dp"

android:layout_height="131dp"

android:layout_margin="5dp"

android:contentDescription="python_image"

android:src="@drawable/py" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt1"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Python"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:layout_marginLeft="50dp" />

<!-- Second row with image and text -->

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/img2"

android:layout_width="169dp"
 android:layout_height="141dp"

android:layout_margin="5dp"

android:contentDescription="kotlin_image"

android:src="@drawable/kt" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt2"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Kotlin"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:layout_marginLeft="50dp" />

<!-- Third row with image and text -->

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/img3"

android:layout_width="173dp"

android:layout_height="166dp"

android:layout_margin="5dp"

android:contentDescription="java_image"

android:src="@drawable/java" />

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt3"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Java"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:layout_marginLeft="50dp" />

<!-- Fourth row with image and text -->

<ImageView

android:id="@+id/img4"

android:layout_width="200dp"

android:layout_height="200dp"

android:layout_margin="5dp"
 android:src="@drawable/csharp"

android:contentDescription="csharp_image"/>

<TextView

android:id="@+id/txt4"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="C Sharp"

android:textSize="34sp"

android:layout_marginLeft="50dp" />

</GridLayout>
 PRACTICAL 2
Programming Resources
Android Resources: (Color, Theme, String, Drawable, Dimension,
Image).
Color.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<color name="colorPrimary">#008577</color>
<color name="colorPrimaryDark">#00574B</color>
<color name="colorAccent">#D81B60</color>
</resources>

Theme:
Style.xml
<resources>

<!-- Base application theme. -->

<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>

</resources>

String.xml:
<resources>
<string name="app_name">hello</string>
<string name="numbers">
<item>1</item>
<item>2</item>
<item>3</item>
</item>
</string>
</resources>

Main_Activity.kt:
package com.rohit.drwable

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
 }
}

activity_main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:background="@drawable/one">

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

PRACTICAL 4
Programs related to different Layouts
Coordinate, Linear, Relative, Table, Absolute, Frame, List View, Grid View.
 1. linear layout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >

<Button android:id="@+id/btnStartService"
android:layout_width="270dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="start_service"/>

<Button android:id="@+id/btnPauseService"
android:layout_width="270dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="pause_service"/>

<Button android:id="@+id/btnStopService"
android:layout_width="270dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="stop_service"/>

</LinearLayout>

2. Relative:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:paddingRight="16dp" >

<EditText
android:id="@+id/name"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="@string/reminder" />

<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
android:layout_below="@+id/name">

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="New Button"
android:id="@+id/button" />

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="New Button"
android:id="@+id/button2" />

</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>
 3. Table:
Activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<TableLayout android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"
android:layout_marginTop="150dp">
<TableRow>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn1"
android:text="1"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn2"
android:text="2"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn3"
android:text="3"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
</TableRow>
<TableRow>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn4"
android:text="4"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn5"
android:text="5"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/><Button
android:id="@+id/btn6"
android:text="6"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
</TableRow>
<TableRow>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn7"
android:text="7"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn8"
android:text="8"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/><Button
android:id="@+id/btn9"
android:text="9"
android:layout_gravity="center"
/>
</TableRow>
</TableLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Activity_main.kt
package com.r.table_view

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import org.jetbrains.anko.toast

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

btn1.setOnClickListener {
toast("1")
}
btn2.setOnClickListener {
toast("2")
}
btn3.setOnClickListener {
toast("3")
}
btn4.setOnClickListener {
toast("4")
}
btn5.setOnClickListener {
toast("5")
}
btn6.setOnClickListener {
toast("6")
}
btn7.setOnClickListener {
toast("7")
}
btn8.setOnClickListener {
toast("8")
}
btn9.setOnClickListener {
toast("9")
}

}
}

output:
 4. Frame:

Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<FrameLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:src="@drawable/red"
android:scaleType="centerCrop"/>
<TextView
android:textSize="100dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:gravity="center"
android:textColor="@color/rohit"
android:layout_marginTop="220dp"
/>

</FrameLayout>
 Activity_main.kt

package com.rohit.frame_layout

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
}

output:

5. List View:

Activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<Button android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/btn"
android:text="Click me to view list"
 android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="90dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

String.xml
<resources>
<string name="app_name">list</string>

<array name="insert_list">
<item>one</item>
<item>two</item>
<item>three</item>
<item>four</item>
<item>five</item>
<item>six</item>
<item>seven</item>
<item>eight</item>
<item>nine</item>
<item>ten</item>
</array>
</resources>

Activity_list_view.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ListView
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".list_view" android:entries="@array/insert_list">

</ListView>

List_view.kt:
package com.rohit.list

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle

class list_view : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_list_view)
}
}

main_Activity.kt
package com.rohit.list

import android.content.Intent
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

btn.setOnClickListener {
val intent =Intent(this, list_view::class.java)
startActivity(intent)
}

}
}

output:

6. Grid layout:
7. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:rowCount="3"
android:columnCount="3"
android:padding="20dp">

<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="1"/>

<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="2"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="3"/>
 <Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="4"/>

<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="5"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="6"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="7"/>

<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="8"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="110dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:text="9"/>

</GridLayout>

mainActvity.kt:
package com.rohit.grid_layout

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}
}

output:
 PRACTICAL 5
Programming UI elements
Design App With UI:
mainActivity.kt:
package rohit.technobeat

import android.content.Intent
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_login.*
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_register.*
import rohit.technobeat.R.id.login
import rohit.technobeat.R.id.newaccount

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
login.setOnClickListener {
val intent = Intent(this, LoginActivity::class.java)
// start your next activity
startActivity(intent)
}

newaccount.setOnClickListener {
val intent = Intent(this, RegisterActivity::class.java)
// start your next activity
startActivity(intent)
}

}
}

activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:background="@drawable/home"
tools:context=".MainActivity">

<ScrollView
android:id="@+id/login_form"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:gravity="center">

<android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatTextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="210dp"
android:alpha="0.7"
android:text="TECHNOBEAT"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:textSize="33dp"
android:textStyle="bold"
tools:layout_marginLeft="85dp" />

<Button
android:id="@+id/login"
style="?android:textAppearanceSmall"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:text="Login"
android:background="@drawable/round_button"
android:alpha="0.8"
android:textStyle="bold" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/newaccount"
style="?android:textAppearanceSmall"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
android:text="REGISTER"
android:background="@drawable/round_button"
android:alpha="0.8"
android:textStyle="bold" />

</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>

Output:
 PRACTICAL 6
Programming menus, dialog, dialog fragments
Alert:
val alertDialog: AlertDialog? = activity?.let {
val builder = AlertDialog.Builder(it)
builder.apply {
setPositiveButton(R.string.ok,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener { dialog, id ->
// User clicked OK button
})
setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel,
DialogInterface.OnClickListener { dialog, id ->
// User cancelled the dialog
})
}
// Set other dialog properties
...

// Create the AlertDialog

builder.create()
}

output:

Menu:
menu.xml:
<?xml version=”1.0″ encoding=”utf-8″?>
<menu xmlns:android=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&#8221;
xmlns:app=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”&gt;

<item
android:id=”@+id/menu_1″
android:icon=”@drawable/ic_menu_1″
android:title=”Menu 1″
app:showAsAction=”always” />

<item
android:id=”@+id/menu_2″
android:icon=”@drawable/ic_menu_2″
android:title=”Menu 2″ />

<item
android:id=”@+id/menu_3″
android:icon=”@drawable/ic_menu_3″
android:title=”Menu 3″ />

<item
android:id=”@+id/menu_4″
android:icon=”@drawable/ic_menu_4″
android:title=”Menu 4″ />

</menu>

MainActivity.kt:
package rohit.com

import android.os.Bundle
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.view.Menu
import android.view.MenuItem
import android.widget.Toast
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
}

override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu): Boolean {

menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.main, menu)
return true
}

override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {

when (item.itemId) {
R.id.menu_1 -> {
Toast.makeText(this, “Menu 1 is selected”,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
return true
}
R.id.menu_2 -> {
Toast.makeText(this, “Menu 2 is selected”,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
return true
}
R.id.menu_3 -> {
Toast.makeText(this, “Menu 3 is selected”,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
return true
}
R.id.menu_4 -> {
Toast.makeText(this, “Menu 4 is selected”,
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
return true
}
else -> return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
}
}
}
Output:

Simple calculator
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="20dp"
android:gravity="center" android:background="#F5F5F5">

<!-- Title --> <TextView

android:id="@+id/title"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Simple Calculator"
android:textSize="26sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textColor="#333333"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp" />

<!-- Input Fields -->

<EditText android:id="@+id/num1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="Enter
Number 1" android:inputType="numberDecimal"
android:padding="12dp"
android:background="@android:drawable/editbox_background"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"/>

<EditText android:id="@+id/num2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="Enter
Number 2" android:inputType="numberDecimal"
android:padding="12dp"
android:background="@android:drawable/editbox_background"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"/>

<!-- Buttons Layout -->

<GridLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:columnCount="3"
android:rowCount="2"
android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
android:padding="10dp">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnAdd"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="+"
android:textSize="22sp"
android:backgroundTint="#4CAF50"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_columnWeight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnSubtract"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="-"
android:textSize="22sp"
android:backgroundTint="#FF9800"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_columnWeight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnMultiply"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="×"
android:textSize="22sp"
android:backgroundTint="#3F51B5"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_columnWeight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnDivide"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="÷"
android:textSize="22sp"
android:backgroundTint="#F44336"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_columnWeight="1"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnModulus"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:text="%"
android:textSize="22sp"
android:backgroundTint="#9C27B0"
android:textColor="#FFFFFF"
android:layout_columnWeight="1"/>
</GridLayout>

<!-- Result Display -->

<TextView
android:id="@+id/result"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Result: "
android:textSize="22sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textColor="#000000"
android:gravity="center"
android:padding="10dp"
android:background="#FFFFFF"
android:elevation="4dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.kt
package com.example.calculator

import android.os.Bundle import

android.widget.Button import
android.widget.EditText import
android.widget.TextView import
androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val num1 = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.num1)
val num2 = findViewById<EditText>(R.id.num2) val
resultText = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.result)
val btnAdd = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnAdd)
val btnSubtract = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnSubtract)
val btnMultiply = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnMultiply)
val btnDivide = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnDivide)
val btnModulus = findViewById<Button>(R.id.btnModulus)
btnAdd.setOnClickListener { resultText.text =
"Addition: " + calculate(num1.text.toString(), num2.text.toString(), '+')
}
btnSubtract.setOnClickListener {
resultText.text = "Subtraction is: " +
calculate(num1.text.toString(),
num2.text.toString(), '-')
}
btnMultiply.setOnClickListener {
resultText.text = "Multiplication is: " +
calculate(num1.text.toString(), num2.text.toString(),
'*')
}
btnDivide.setOnClickListener {
resultText.text = "Division is: " +
calculate(num1.text.toString(), num2.text.toString(),
'/')
}
 btnModulus.setOnClickListener {
resultText.text = "Mode is: " + calculate(num1.text.toString(),
num2.text.toString(), '%')
}
} private fun calculate(num1: String, num2: String, operator: Char):
String
{
val n1 = num1.toDoubleOrNull()
val n2 = num2.toDoubleOrNull()

if (n1 == null || n2 == null) return "Invalid Input"

return when (operator) {
'+' -> (n1 + n2).toString()
'-' -> (n1 - n2).toString()
'*' -> (n1 * n2).toString()
'/' -> if (n2 != 0.0) (n1 / n2).toString() else "Cannot divide
by zero"
'%' -> if (n2 != 0.0) (n1 % n2).toString() else "Cannot
find modulus with zero" else -> "Error"
}
}
}

Output: