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Chapter 2

Chapter 2 focuses on the Review of Related Literature, outlining its importance in establishing a foundation for research on inflation and its effects on college students' financial needs. It includes sections on the theoretical and conceptual frameworks, a review of related studies, synthesis of findings, and identification of research gaps. This chapter aims to demonstrate how the current study builds on existing knowledge while addressing unanswered questions in the field.

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3 views

Chapter 2

Chapter 2 focuses on the Review of Related Literature, outlining its importance in establishing a foundation for research on inflation and its effects on college students' financial needs. It includes sections on the theoretical and conceptual frameworks, a review of related studies, synthesis of findings, and identification of research gaps. This chapter aims to demonstrate how the current study builds on existing knowledge while addressing unanswered questions in the field.

Uploaded by

wilfredmacalolot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature (RRL)

Introduction

Gives an overview of what the chapter will discuss.


Explains why reviewing related literature is important to your research.
Theoretical Framework

Discusses theories that support your study.


Explains how these theories relate to your research problem.
Conceptual Framework

Shows the key concepts of your study and how they are connected.
Often represented using a diagram or flowchart.
Review of Related Studies

Discusses past research studies similar to yours.


Compares findings from different authors and highlights research gaps.
Synthesis of the Literature

Summarizes what has been learned from the reviewed studies.


Explains how your research will build on previous work.
Research Gap and Justification

Identifies what is missing in previous studies.


Justifies why your research is important and how it fills the gap.
This chapter helps establish the foundation of your study by showing that your
research is based on existing knowledge while addressing unanswered questions.

Since your research is about inflation and its effects on college students' financial
needs, Chapter 2 should focus on previous studies about inflation, student
expenses, and economic challenges in higher education.

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature (RRL)


1. Introduction
This section introduces the purpose of the literature review. It explains why
reviewing existing studies is important and how it will help establish a foundation
for your research.

✅ What to include:

A brief explanation of your research topic.


The importance of reviewing previous studies.
How this chapter is structured.
🔹 Example:
"This chapter presents a review of existing literature related to inflation and its
effects on students' financial needs. It discusses theoretical perspectives, past
studies, and identified research gaps. The objective of this review is to establish
the foundation of the study by analyzing relevant findings from previous
research."

2. Theoretical Framework
This section presents the theories that support your research. These theories
help explain your study’s variables and provide a strong foundation for your
analysis.

✅ What to include:

Theories related to inflation, economic challenges, and financial behavior.


How these theories connect to your study.
🔹 Example Theories for Your Study:

Cost-Push and Demand-Pull Inflation Theory (explains why prices increase).


Consumer Behavior Theory (explains how students adjust their spending).
Human Capital Theory (relates to how inflation affects education investments).
🔹 Example Sentence:
"This study is anchored on the Consumer Behavior Theory, which suggests that
inflation influences purchasing decisions and spending patterns. This theory
provides insight into how rising prices impact the financial needs of college
students."

3. Conceptual Framework
Unlike the theoretical framework, the conceptual framework presents the key
concepts of your study and shows how they are connected. It is usually
represented in a diagram or model.

✅ What to include:

The main concepts of your study.


The relationships between these concepts.
A diagram to illustrate these relationships.
🔹 Example for Your Study:

Independent Variable: Inflation (rising prices, tuition fees, cost of living).


Dependent Variable: Financial needs of college students (expenses on food,
transportation, school supplies, etc.).
🔹 Example Sentence:
"The conceptual framework of this study illustrates the relationship between
inflation and students' financial needs. As inflation increases, students may
struggle with increased living expenses, requiring adjustments in their spending
habits."

4. Review of Related Studies


This is the most detailed section, where you discuss past research studies that
are related to your topic. You summarize their findings, compare different
studies, and show what has already been researched.

✅ What to include:

Studies that explore inflation and its economic effects.


Studies on financial challenges faced by students.
Similarities and differences between past research and your study.
🔹 Example Sentence:
"A study by Smith (2022) examined how inflation affects university students'
spending habits. The findings revealed that students cut down on discretionary
expenses, such as entertainment and dining, to afford essential goods. Similarly,
a study by Reyes (2021) found that students rely more on part-time jobs and
financial aid when inflation rates rise."

5. Synthesis of the Literature


This section summarizes the key points from the reviewed studies and explains
what can be learned from them. It highlights patterns, contradictions, and
common findings.

✅ What to include:

A summary of what past research has found.


Common themes or trends in the studies.
Contradictions or differing perspectives.
🔹 Example Sentence:
"Most studies agree that inflation significantly impacts students’ financial
stability by increasing their cost of living. However, some research suggests that
financial literacy plays a role in mitigating these effects, which this study aims to
explore further."

6. Research Gap and Justification


This is one of the most important parts of Chapter 2. It identifies what is missing
in previous research and explains why your study is necessary.

✅ What to include:

What previous studies have not addressed.


Why your study is important.
How your research will contribute new knowledge.
🔹 Example Sentence:
"While previous studies have examined inflation and general economic impacts,
limited research has specifically explored how inflation affects college students'
financial needs in the context of Southern Philippine College. This study aims to
fill this gap by investigating the specific financial struggles faced by students and
proposing strategies to manage inflation’s effects."

Final Thoughts
Chapter 2 is essential because it shows that your study is based on existing
knowledge while identifying new areas to explore. It helps build credibility for
your research and justifies why your study matters.

📌 SCRIPT FOR VIDEO


🎬 INTRODUCTION (30 sec - 1 min)
(Smile and be confident! Speak clearly.)

🎤 You:
"Hi everyone! Welcome to this video, where I’ll explain how to write Chapter 2 of
a research paper and the basic rules of APA 7 citation style. If you’re struggling
with your Review of Related Literature or confused about APA format, don’t
worry—I’ve got you covered! Let’s get started!"

📌 PART 1: How to Write Chapter 2 – Review of Related Literature (2-3 mins)


(Use a PowerPoint slide or images to support your explanation.)

🎤 You:
"Chapter 2, also known as the Review of Related Literature or RRL, is one of the
most important parts of a research paper. This is where we gather information
from previous studies that are related to our topic. The goal is to understand
what has already been studied and find research gaps that our study can fill."

"Now, let’s talk about the structure of Chapter 2. It has five main parts:"

✅ 1. Introduction
"The introduction gives a brief overview of what this chapter will discuss. It
explains the importance of reviewing literature and how it connects to your
study."
✅ 2. Theoretical Framework
"This part presents theories that support your research. These theories help
explain the key concepts and variables of your study."

✅ 3. Conceptual Framework
"The conceptual framework is like a blueprint of your study. It shows how your
variables are connected. Many researchers use diagrams here to explain
relationships."

✅ 4. Review of Related Studies


"This is the longest part, where you summarize previous studies related to your
topic. It’s important to compare findings and highlight similarities or differences."

✅ 5. Synthesis and Research Gap


"Finally, the synthesis summarizes the key points from previous studies. Then,
the research gap explains what past research has not yet covered and why your
study is important."

"When writing your Chapter 2, always organize your sources logically and use
proper citations to avoid plagiarism!"

📌 PART 2: Basic Rules of APA 7 (2 mins)


(Show APA 7 citation examples on the screen while explaining.)

🎤 You:
"Now that we know how to write Chapter 2, let’s move on to the basics of APA 7
citation style. APA 7 is commonly used in research papers, and it has specific
rules for citing sources."

APA (American Psychological Association) style is a set of rules and guidelines for
formatting research papers and citing sources. It is commonly used in social
sciences, education, business, and psychology to ensure consistency and
credibility in academic writing.
📌 Key Features of APA 7 Style:
✅ In-Text Citations – Cite sources within the text using the author’s last name and
the year of publication. Example: (Smith, 2020)
✅ Reference List – A complete list of sources at the end of the paper, formatted
alphabetically.
✅ Title Page & Formatting – Includes a title page, page numbers, and double-
spacing.
✅ Avoids Plagiarism – Ensures that all borrowed ideas are properly credited.

📌 1. In-Text Citations
"When you mention an author’s idea in your paper, you must cite them properly.
Here’s how it works:"

For one author: (Smith, 2020) or Smith (2020) stated that...


For two authors: (Smith & Johnson, 2021)
For three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2022)
📌 2. Reference List Format
"At the end of your paper, you need to list all the sources you used. Here are
some examples:"

Book:
Smith, J. (2020). Introduction to Economics. Pearson.

Journal Article:
Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2021). The impact of inflation on students. Journal of
Economic Studies, 45(2), 123-145. https://doi.org/xxxx

Website:
World Bank. (2023). Inflation and economic trends. World Bank Reports.
https://www.worldbank.org

*"Remember, APA 7 has specific formatting rules, like using a hanging indent in
the reference list and listing sources in alphabetical order."_
📌 CONCLUSION (30 sec - 1 min)
🎤 You:
"And that’s it! We’ve covered how to write Chapter 2 of a research paper and the
basics of APA 7 citation. Always remember to organize your literature review
properly and cite your sources to avoid plagiarism. I hope this video helps you in
your research journey!"

"If you found this useful, don’t forget to apply these tips in your work. Thanks for
watching, and good luck with your research paper!"

(Wave goodbye and smile at the end! 😊)

The Structure of Chapter 2

Introduction – Overview of what the chapter covers.


Theoretical Framework – Theories supporting your research.
Conceptual Framework – Your research variables and their relationships.
Review of Related Studies – Summary of past studies related to your topic.
Synthesis & Research Gap – What previous research missed and how your study
fills the gap.

INTRODUCTION
THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
REVIEW OF
RELATED STUDIES
SYNTHESIS &
RESEARCH GAP

For one author:


(Smith, 2020) or Smith (2020) stated that...

For two authors:


(Smith & Johnson, 2021)

For three or more authors:


(Smith et al., 2022)
Book:
Smith, J. (2020). Introduction to Economics.
Pearson.

Journal Article:
Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2021). The impact of
inflation on students. Journal of
Economic Studies, 45(2), 123-145.
https://doi.org/xxxx

Website:
World Bank. (2023). Inflation and economic
trends. World Bank Reports.
https://www.worldbank.org

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