Design Document Verification Using Blockchain Technology

Abstract- Blockchain acts as a shared, public, and transparent database, where the
information is replicated and stored across a network of computers, rather than being
controlled by a single entity. Blockchain has a strong capacity to monitor and retain educational
records. Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger that records transactions across
multiple computers, ensuring transparency, immutability, and security without the need for
intermediaries. Its consensus mechanisms, such as Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake
(PoS), enable trust and verification in a trustless environment. Blockchain technology offers a
secure and efficient solution for document verification by leveraging a decentralized, tamper-
proof ledger, enhancing transparency and reducing the risk of fraud. Throughout the course of
their studies, students—whether they are in high school, college, or even after receiving their
degree—produce numerous certificates, including transcripts, diplomas, and outcomes. Students
must present these certificates to universities and employers in order to be admitted. Blockchain
technology provides a common shared platform from where to store, retrieve and access
documents. Once the documents are stored in blockchain then it becomes impossible to change
the information and hence it helps from counterfeiting of the documents.

Keywords: Blockchain, Hyperledger, Verification, Counterfeiting.

I. Introduction
Blockchain technology is a system that acts as a decentralised database which is a digital
ledger that stores data and information throughout the entire network of a computer systems.
Blockchain technology were introduced in 2006 with the existents of Bitcoin where it
involves cryptocurrency. A cryptocurrency is a digitized currency that can be used to do a
transaction and buy stuffs through online. Blockchain technology is an advanced database
mechanism that allows transparent information sharing within a business network. A
blockchain database stores data in blocks that are linked together in a chain. Each corporation
has critical information that demands protection. The current centralized storage system is
the one that requires preservation of the information residing on the single system.
Alternately, unless the content changed in the system the revised file is obtained by anyone
who has to be stopped from doing so. Blockchain technology lets enterprises save the
contents in every network-connected device. With such an approach a file can never be easily
changed to store information. Blockchain technology has been helpful in implementing a
system that will keep the transactions and storing the data in a safe manner and it is easier to
track down the attacker with the implementation of blockchain technology. A document
verification system will be able to increase its security feature with the help of blockchain
technology.
Key Characteristics of Blockchain:

1. Decentralized – No single authority controls the data; it is managed by a distributed

network.
2. Immutable – Once recorded, data cannot be altered or deleted, ensuring integrity.
3. Transparent – Every transaction is publicly verifiable by participants.
4. Secure – Uses cryptographic hashing to prevent unauthorized modifications.
5. Consensus Mechanism – Transactions are validated through consensus methods like
Proof of Work (PoW) or Proof of Stake (PoS).

II . Literature Review
. Aida Kamiali, Kristjan Koi and Marjan Heriko."Eductx: [1] A blockchain-based higher
education credit platform". IEEE ACCESS (2018).Blockchain verification ensures that
credentials are authentic and tamper-proof. It offers a transformative solution to a variety of
use cases to the common challenges of verifying credentials with traditional processes
including being time-consuming, expensive, and vulnerable to fraud.Student Managent
System allows the students to validate the international or new university certificates.
Blockchain technology provides a distributed, tamper-proof ledger for storing and verifying
documents, eliminating the need for a central authority. Privacy: All types of data can be
stored in the blockchain. The privacy rules are applicable if sensitive data is processing-e.g.
health data or citizen service.

O Nathan and P Alex Sandy. [2] "Decentralizing privacy using blockchain to protect
personal data". SPW 2015 IEEE (2015).Once the student is about to enter a university of
higher education, the institution will join the network and will validate the student’s
certificates. The 2-2 multi authentication protocol is used for verification process. The paper
addresses the existing information disparity between the colleges and employer companies,
an inadequate student credit scheme. Blockchain technology can help ensure accountability,
validity and applicability of knowledge. Smooth collaboration between students, academic
institutions and employer organizations is achieved, enhancing the use and accountability of
educational and job organisations. The paper explains an implementation of blockchain
technology which is a trust-free framework called Bitcoin. A Peer-to-Peer network
framework is suggested for money exchange. There is no need to identify peers because, in
their interest, they can still quit and join the network. Blocks that are a transaction record are
formally accepted or confirmed by casting a vote with the peer’s CPU. The consensus
mechanism will implement any rules and incentives the are required.
 A Permission Blockchain-Based System for Verification of Academic Records
"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8763831"[3]Proposing a Blockchain-based SolutionA
document verification system must be made with a high efficiency to prevent the problems
that has been mentioned before.In this paper, they have used private permissioned blockchain
instead of public blockchain as private permissioned blockchain gives higher performance,
cost effectiveness as well as privacy.

Satoshi Nakamoto. "Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system".[10] There is no need to

identify peers because, in their interest, they can still quit and join the network. Blocks that
are a transaction record are formally accepted or confirmed by casting a vote with the peer’s
CPU. The consensus mechanism will implement any rules and incentives the are required
The main advantage of this paper is that in this the system is open and can be extended to any
record type according to the specifics requirements of individual institutes.

III . Problem Statement

centers on addressing the limitations of traditional methods, such as the risk of fraud, errors,
and inefficiencies, by leveraging blockchain's inherent security, transparency, and
immutability to create a more reliable and secure system for verifying documents. Presently
the Student Management System is not secure against the document forgery. Fake documents
as well as certificates are still being used at various levels. Hence we need a system which n
raditional document verification processes are often manual, time-consuming, prone to
forgery, and reliant on centralized authorities. ot only ensures the integrity of the documents
but also maintains the authenticity.

-Current Challenges in Document Verification-

 Fraud & Forgery – Fake or tampered certificates are difficult to detect.

 Centralized Control – Universities and banks store data in centralized systems, making
them vulnerable to hacking.

 Time-Consuming Process – Manual verification requires significant time and effort.

 Lack of Transparency – Users cannot independently verify document authenticity.

 Risk of Data Loss – Paper-based and centralized digital records can be lost or corrupted.
 IV. Proposed Methodology-

( Figure 1- System Architecture Block chain Technology.)

1. User Interaction

The process begins with the user (student or applicant) who needs to submit documents for
verification. These documents could include academic certificates, identity proofs, or financial
records.

2. Document Submission to University & Bank-The university receives documents from the
user for verification (e.g., degree certificates).The bank may also be involved (e.g., for financial
documents related to education loans).The university collects and processes the documents
before submission.
3. Document Submission to Blockchain-After verification by the university, the documents are
submitted to the blockchain system.The blockchain ensures secure and tamper-proof storage of
document records.

4. Blockchain Technology Implementation-The blockchain records a unique hash of the

submitted document instead of storing the document itself.This ensures that the document
remains immutable and verifiable while protecting privacy.

5. Hash Function Generation A hash function -converts the document into a unique digital
fingerprint.Any modification to the document will generate a completely different hash, ensuring
security.

6. Server Processing & VerificationA server handles requests for document verification by
checking the hash stored on the blockchain.If the document’s hash matches the stored record, it
is verified successfully; otherwise, verification fails.

7. QR Code Generation for AuthenticationA QR Code is generated for each verified

document.Users, universities, and banks can scan this QR code to validate the document’s
authenticity.

8. Acknowledgment & Final VerificationThe system provides an acknowledgment of the

verification status.If successful, the document is accepted; if not, the user may need to resubmit
or correct it.

Benefits of Blockchain in Document Verification:

✅ Security – Tamper-proof record storage.

✅ Transparency – Anyone can verify the document without intermediaries.
✅ Efficiency – Eliminates manual verification delays.
✅ Immutability – Once recorded, data cannot be altered.
V Implementation and Results-
VI Conclusion-

The integration of blockchain technology into the design document verification process presents
a transformative solution to the challenges of authenticity, traceability, and security. By
leveraging the decentralized, immutable, and transparent nature of blockchain, organizations can
ensure that all design documents are verified, tamper-proof, and accessible only to authorized
parties. This not only minimizes the risks associated with document forgery and data breaches
but also enhances trust among stakeholders.
VII References-

[1] Aida Kamiali, Kristjan Koi and Marjan Heriko. "Eductx: a blockchain-based higher
education credit platform". IEEE ACCESS (2018).
[2] O Nathan and P Alex Sandy. "Decentralizing privacy using blockchain to protect personal
data". SPW 2015.
[3] A Permissioned Blockchain-Based System for Verification of Academic Records
"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8763831"
[4] Satoshi Nakamoto. "Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system"
[2] P.S.G. Aruna Sri and D.I. Bhaskari. "A study on blockchain technology" IJET( 2018).
[3] J. Sidhu "Syscoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system with blockchain-based services for
e-business". IEEE(2017).
[4] K. Jay and A. Akutsu. "The blockchain-based digital content distribution system". ICBDC
IEEE(2015). [5]
Bart Preneel. "Cryptographic Hash Functions: Theory and Practice". Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg 2010). [6]
Sushmita Ruj and Kwok-yan Lam. "A Blockchain framework for insurance processes". BSC,
IEEE (2018).
[7] Aida Kamiali, Kristjan Koi and Marjan Heriko. "Eductx: a blockchain-based higher
education credit platform". IEEE ACCESS (2018).
[11] Proposing a Blockchain-based Solution to Verify the Integrity of Hardcopy Documents
"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8601200"
[12] M. Nakasumi. "Information sharing for supply chain management based on block chain
technology". IEEE CBS 2017.
[13] Matsui M., Zuccherato R.J. "Security Analysis of SHA-256 and Sisters". Springer, Berlin,
Heidelberg, 2004.