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Class9_Maths_Theorems_Formulas

The document outlines key theorems, formulas, and laws for Class 9 Maths across various chapters including Number Systems, Polynomials, Coordinate Geometry, Lines and Angles, Triangles, Circles, Surface Areas and Volumes, Statistics, and Probability. It covers essential concepts such as laws of exponents, theorems related to triangles and circles, Heron's formula for area, and basic statistical measures. Each chapter provides foundational mathematical principles necessary for understanding and solving problems in these areas.

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18 views

Class9_Maths_Theorems_Formulas

The document outlines key theorems, formulas, and laws for Class 9 Maths across various chapters including Number Systems, Polynomials, Coordinate Geometry, Lines and Angles, Triangles, Circles, Surface Areas and Volumes, Statistics, and Probability. It covers essential concepts such as laws of exponents, theorems related to triangles and circles, Heron's formula for area, and basic statistical measures. Each chapter provides foundational mathematical principles necessary for understanding and solving problems in these areas.

Uploaded by

bhargavgmaditya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class 9 Maths - Theorems, Formulas, and Laws

Chapter 1: Number Systems


Laws of Exponents:
- a^m * a^n = a^(m+n)
- a^m / a^n = a^(m-n)
- (a^m)^n = a^(mn)
- a^0 = 1
- a^(-m) = 1/a^m

Chapter 2: Polynomials
Remainder Theorem: If a polynomial p(x) is divided by (x-a), then the remainder is p(a).
Factor Theorem: If p(a) = 0, then (x-a) is a factor of p(x).
Important Identities:
(a + b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2
(a - b)^2 = a^2 - 2ab + b^2
a^2 - b^2 = (a - b)(a + b)

Chapter 3: Coordinate Geometry


Distance Formula: d = sqrt((x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2)
Midpoint Formula: M = ((x1 + x2)/2, (y1 + y2)/2)
Section Formula: P = ((m1*x2 + m2*x1)/(m1 + m2), (m1*y2 + m2*y1)/(m1 + m2))

Chapter 6: Lines and Angles


Vertically Opposite Angles Theorem: When two lines intersect, vertically opposite angles are equal.
Angle Sum Property of Triangle: The sum of interior angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.
Exterior Angle Theorem: An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two opposite
interior angles.

Chapter 7: Triangles
Pythagoras Theorem: a^2 + b^2 = c^2 (For right-angled triangles).
Midpoint Theorem: The line joining the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side
and half of its length.
Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales Theorem): A line parallel to one side of a triangle divides the
other two sides in the same ratio.
Chapter 9: Circles
Tangent Theorem: A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.
Equal Tangents Theorem: The lengths of two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are
equal.
Angle at the Center Theorem: The angle subtended by an arc at the center is twice the angle
subtended at any point on the circle.

Chapter 10: Heron's Formula


Heron's Formula for Triangle Area:
A = sqrt(s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)), where s = (a + b + c)/2.

Chapter 11: Surface Areas and Volumes


Cube: Surface Area = 6a^2, Volume = a^3
Cylinder: Surface Area = 2 * 3.1416 * r * (h + r), Volume = 3.1416 * r^2 * h
Sphere: Surface Area = 4 * 3.1416 * r^2, Volume = (4/3) * 3.1416 * r^3

Chapter 12: Statistics


Mean = (Sum of (frequency * value)) / Total frequency
Median = Middle value of arranged data
Mode = Most frequently occurring value

Chapter 13: Probability


Probability Formula:
P(E) = Favorable Outcomes / Total Outcomes.

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