Table of Content

s
Abstract............................................................................................................................................

Dedication.......................................................................................................................................

Acknowledgement...........................................................................................................................

Chapter 1...........................................................................................................................................

General Introduction......................................................................................................................

1.1 Introduction and Background.........................................................................................................

1.2 Statement of the Problem.................................................................................................................

1.3 Rationale of the Study....................................................................................................................

1.4 Purpose of the Study.......................................................................................................................

1.5 Questions of the Study....................................................................................................................

1.5 Key Concepts Definitions...............................................................................................................

1.7 Organization of the Study..............................................................................................................

Chapter 2.......................................................................................................................................

Literature Review.........................................................................................................................

2.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................

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2.7 Summary.........................................................................................................................................

Chapter 3.......................................................................................................................................

Research Methodology.................................................................................................................

3.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................

3.2 Objectives of the Study...................................................................................................................

3.4 Research Design..............................................................................................................................

3.6 The Sample and the Sampling Procedure....................................................................................

3.7 Research Instruments...................................................................................................................101

3.7.1 Questionnaire.........................................................................................................102

3.8.2 Interview.................................................................................................................103

3.9 Reliability and Validity of the Instruments................................................................................109

3.10 Piloting the Research Instruments..............................................................................................115

3.11 Data Analysis.................................................................................................................................123

3.12 Summary.......................................................................................................................................125

Chapter 4.....................................................................................................................................126

Presentation of the Findings......................................................................................................126

4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................126

4.2 Quantitative Data..........................................................................................................................126

4.3 Qualitative Data............................................................................................................................155

4.4 Summary.......................................................................................................................................162

Chapter 5.....................................................................................................................................164

Discussion of the Findings..........................................................................................................164

5.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................164

5.2 Discussion of research question 1................................................................................................164

5.3 Discussion of research question 2...................................................................................................171

5.4 Summary.......................................................................................................................................187

Chapter 6.....................................................................................................................................188

General Conclusion....................................................................................................................188
 6.1 Summary of the Results...............................................................................................................191

6.2 Limitations of the Study...............................................................................................................191

6.6 Pedagogical Implications..............................................................................................................193

6.7 Recommendations of the Study...................................................................................................195

6.8 Recommendations for Further Research...................................................................................198

References...................................................................................................................................201

Appendices..................................................................................................................................226