SREENIVASA INSTITUTE of TECHNOLOGY and MANAGEMENT

STUDIES (autonomous)

Electrical Power Transmission

Question bank

II - B.TECH / IV - SEMESTER regulation: R20

Compiled by

FACULTY INCHARGE : J SreeRanganayakulu

Designation : Assistant Professor
Department : EEE
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
II B.Tech IV Semester L T P C
2 1 0 3
20EEE243 ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION

Pre-requisites: A Course on Generation of Electrical Power

Course Educational Objectives:

1. To make students capable to understand the electrical line parameters..
2: To impart knowledge on short, medium and long transmission lines.
3: To provide the knowledge about the system transients and transmission line parameters.
4: To acquire knowledge on the concepts of corona, sag and tension calculations.
5: To provide knowledge on the issues related to overhead line insulators and underground cables.
UNIT – 1: TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS
Types of conductors - calculation of resistance for solid conductors - Calculation of inductance for
single phase and three phase, single and double circuit lines, concept of GMR & GMD, symmetrical
and asymmetrical conductor configuration with and without transposition, Numerical Problems.
Calculation of capacitance for 2 wire and 3 wire systems, effect of ground on capacitance, capacitance
calculations for symmetrical and asymmetrical single and three phase, single and double circuit lines,
Numerical Problems.
UNIT – 2: PERFORMANCE OF SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG TRANSMISSION LINES
Classification of Transmission Lines - Short, medium and long line and their model - representations -
Nominal-T, Nominal-Pie and A, B, C, D Constants. Numerical Problems. Mathematical Solutions to
estimate regulation and efficiency of all types of lines - Numerical Problems. Long Transmission Line-
Rigorous Solution, evaluation of A,B,C,D Constants, Interpretation of the Long Line Equations –
Representation of Long lines – Equivalent T and Equivalent – π – surge Impedance and surge
Impedance loading – Ferranti effect , Charging current.
UNIT – 3: POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS
Types of system transients- travelling or propagation of surges- attenuation, distortion, reflection and
refraction coefficients- termination of lines with different types of conditions- open circuited line,
short circuited line, T-junction (numerical problems)- Bewleys Lattice diagrams (for all cases
mentioned with numerical examples)
UNIT – 4: CORONA, SAG AND TENSION CALCULATIONS
Corona - Description of the phenomenon, factors affecting corona, critical voltages and power loss,
Radio Interference. Sag and Tension Calculations with equal and unequal heights of towers, Effect of
Wind and Ice on weight of Conductor, Numerical Problems - Stringing chart and sag template and its
applications.
UNIT – 5: OVERHEAD LINE INSULATORS & UNDERGROUND CABLES
Types of Insulators, String efficiency and Methods for improvement, Numerical Problems - voltage
distribution, calculation of string efficiency, Capacitance grading and Static Shielding. Types of
Cables, Construction, Types of Insulating materials, Calculations of Insulation resistance and stress in
insulation, Numerical Problems. Capacitance of Single and 3-Core belted cables, Numerical
Problems. Grading of Cables - Capacitance grading, Numerical Problems, Description of Inter-sheath
grading.

2
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)

Course Outcomes:

On successful completion of the course, students will be able to POs related to

COs
Ability to do calculation of resistance, Inductance and Capacitance of PO1,PO2,PO4&
CO1
Transmission Lines. PS01,PSO2
Ability to apply the knowledge on short, medium and long transmission PO1,PO3,&PS01,
CO2
lines. PSO2
PO1,PO3,PO4&
CO3 Demonstrate knowledge on power system transients.
PS01,PSO2
PO1,PO2,PO3,PO6
CO4 Understand the concepts of corona, sag and tension calculations.
&PS01,PSO2
PO1,PO7&PS01,
CO5 Able to analyze the overhead line insulators and underground cables.
PSO2

Text Books:
1. C.L.Wadwa “Electrical Power Systems”,New Age International Publishers–New Delhi. 6 /e2012.
2. D.P.Kothari, I.J. Nagarath, ‘Power System Engineering’, Mc Graw-Hill Publishing Company limited, New Delhi,
Second Edition, 2008.
Reference Books:
1. V.K.Mehta, S.Chand “Principles of Power systems “,S.Chand Publications – New Delhi 4/e 2005
2. William D Stevenson “Elements of Power systems”–4/e 1982 - Tata McGraw – Hill Education Pvt. Ltd.. Noida
3. B.R.Gupta “Power system analysis and deign “,S.chand&co,6th revised edition
4. john j Grainger, William D Stevenson “Power system analysis”,TMC Companies,4th edition

QUESTION BANK
3
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 1: TRANSMISSION LINE PARAMETERS
PART-A (Two Marks Questions)
1 Write the expression for flux linkages outside the conductor producing the flux. PO1
2 Explain the transposition of lines. PO1
3 Define GMD for a 3 phase transmission line. PO1
4 What is meant by transposition of overhead line conductors? PO1
5 Explain the advantages of bundled conductors. PO1
6 What is the difference between DC and AC resistance of transmission line? PO1
7 Write the expression for flux linkages inside the conductor producing the flux. PO1
8 Write expression for magnetic field intensity of a current carrying conductor. PO1
9 Define GMR for a 3 phase transmission line. PO1
10 Explain the advantages of transposition of conductors. PO1
11 What is skin effect? PO1
12 Define Proximity effect. PO1
13 List advantages of AC over DC transmission. PO1
14 Write the expression for capacitance of Single phase transmission line. PO1

15
Write the expression for capacitance of Three phase single circuit transmission PO1
line.
16
Write the expression for capacitance of Three phase double circuit transmission PO1
line.
17 What is the effect of earth on capacitance of a transmission line. PO1
18 Define inductance. PO1
19 Define capacitance. PO1
20 Differentiate between composite and bundled conductors. PO1
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)
1 Describe about different types of transmission line conductors. PO1, PO2

2
Show that the inductance per unit length of an overhead line due to internal PO1, PO2,
flux linkages is constant and is independent of size of conductor. PO4

3
Derive the expressions for the inductance of a 3 phase line with conductors
PO1, PO2
untransposed.
4
Derive the expressions for the inductance of a 3 phase line with conductors PO1, PO2,
completely transposed. PO4
5 Explain the concept of GMR and GMD. PO1, PO2,
PO4
6
Derive an expression for inductance of composite conductors of a 1-phase line PO1, PO2,
consisting of m strands in one conductor and n strands in the other conductor. PO4

7
What are ACSR conductors? Explain the advantages of ACSR conductors PO1, PO2,
when used for overhead lines. PO4

8
What are bundled conductors? Explain the advantages of bundled conductors PO1, PO2,
when used for overhead lines. PO4

9
Explain clearly the ‘skin effect’ and ‘proximity effect’ when referred to PO1, PO2,
overhead lines. PO4
Derive the capacitance per km/phase of a double circuit 3-phase line. PO1, PO2,
10
PO4

4
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 2: PERFORMANCE OF SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG TRANSMISSION LINES

PART-A (Two Marks Questions)

1
Draw the phasor diagram of a medium transmission line using nominal-π
PO1
method.
2 Define the regulation and efficiency of a transmission line. PO1
3 Write the A,B,C and D parameter formulae for short transmission line PO1
4 What are the advantages and disadvantages of Ferranti effect? PO1
5 Define short and medium transmission lines. PO1
6 Define surge impedance. PO1

7
Draw the phasor diagram of a medium transmission line using nominal-T
PO1
method.
8
Define A, B, C, D constants of transmission line. What are their values in short
PO1
transmission lines?
9 Classify transmission lines based on length. PO1
10 Write the equation for surge impedance loading. PO1
11 What is the significance of charging current in transmission lines? PO1
12 Draw the phasor diagram for a short transmission line. PO1
13 Draw the phasor diagram of a long transmission line for equivalent T network PO1
14 Draw the phasor diagram of a long transmission line for equivalent π network PO1, PO3
15 Write the A,B,C and D parameter formulae for nominal T medium line PO1
16 Write the A,B,C and D parameter formulae for nominal π medium line PO1, PO3
17 Write the A,B,C and D parameter formulae for equivalent T long line PO1
18 Write the A,B,C and D parameter formulae for equivalent π long line PO1
19 Differentiate short and medium transmission lines. PO1
20 Differentiate long and medium transmission lines. PO1
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)
1 Classify different types of transmission lines and explain their characteristics. PO1, PO3

2
Derive expressions for voltage regulation and efficiency of a short
PO1, PO3
transmission line.
3
Differentiate between a nominal-T and nominal-π representation of a
PO1, PO3
transmission line.
4
Derive expressions for voltage regulation and efficiency of a nominal T type PO1, PO2,
medium transmission line. PO3

5
Explain the procedure to obtain A, B, C and D parameters of a short PO1, PO2,
transmission line. PO3

6
Explain the procedure to obtain A, B, C and D parameters of a medium PO1, PO2,
transmission line. PO3
A three phase 50 Hz transmission line has conductors of section 90 mm 2 and
effective diameter of 1 cm and is placed at the vertices of an equilateral
PO1, PO2,
7 triangle of side 1 meter. The line is 20 km long and delivers a load of 10 MW PO3
at 33 kV and pf 0.8. Neglect capacitance and assume temperature of 200 C.
Determine the efficiency and regulation of the line.
Determine the efficiency and regulation of a 3-phase, 100 km, 50 Hz
PO1, PO2,
8 transmission line delivering 20 MW at a pf of 0.8 lagging and 66 kV to a PO3
balanced load. The conductors are of copper, each having resistance 0.1 ohm
5
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
per km, 1.5 cm outside diameter, spaced equilaterally 2 meters between
centers. Neglect leakance and use (i) nominal-T and (ii) nominal-π method.
9
Derive expressions for voltage regulation and efficiency of a nominal π type PO1, PO2,
medium transmission line. PO3

10
Derive expressions for voltage regulation and efficiency of a long transmission PO1, PO2,
line. PO3

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 3: POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS
PART-A (Two Marks Questions)

1
Explain the reflections of voltage and current wave of open ended transmission
PO1
line.
2 Explain about propagation of surges. PO1
3 Define velocity of wave propagation PO1
4 Define crest and front of travelling waves PO1

5
Define expression for voltage refraction coefficient for transmission line
PO1
terminated by resistance.
6 Define attenuation constant. PO1
7 What is the coefficient of reflection for current for an open ended line? PO1
8 What is the coefficient of reflection for voltage for an open ended line? PO1
9 What is the coefficient of reflection for current for a short circuit line? PO1
10 What is the coefficient of reflection for voltage for a short circuit line? PO1
11 Define distortion coefficient. PO1, PO3
12 Define reflection coefficient. PO1
13 Define refraction coefficient. PO1, PO3
14 What is Bewleys Lattice diagram? PO1, PO3
15 What is a propagation constant of travelling wave? PO1
16 What are different system transients? PO1
17 Why transients occur in transmission lines? PO1
18 What do you mean by travelling waves? PO1
19 Write down the equations for reflection coefficient of voltage for T-junction. PO1
20 Write down the equations for refraction coefficient of voltage for T-junction. PO, PO3
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)
A 400 m long cable is short circuited at the remote end. A pulse source having
1
resistance of 150 ohm drives a 100 V pulse having duration of 6 μs. If the PO1, PO3,
characteristic resistance of the cable is 50 ohms and the pulse velocity is 200 PO4
m/ μs, sketch the voltage profile for first 8 μs at the input of the line.
Discuss the phenomenon of reflection and refraction in travelling waves.
PO1, PO3,
2 Derive the expressions for reflection and refraction coefficients when a PO4
travelling wave is terminated through a resistance.
Derive expressions for travelling waves (Voltage and current). PO1, PO3,
3
PO4
4 Obtain refracted voltage and current equations for forked line. PO1, PO3,
PO4
5
A step wave of 100 kV travels on a line having a surge impedance of 400 PO1, PO3,
ohms. The line is terminated by an inductance of 4000 μH. Find the voltage PO4

6
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
across the inductance and the reflected voltage wave.
6
Discuss the behavior of a travelling wave when it reaches (i) short circuited PO1, PO3,
end and (ii) open circuited end of a transmission line. PO4

7
When the transmission line is terminated by resistance and travelling wave PO1, PO3,
reaches to T-junction, determine the voltage and current of reflected wave. PO4
Explain the variation of current and voltage on an overhead line when one end
PO1, PO3,
8 of the line is (i) open circuited and (ii) short circuited and at the other end a PO4
source of e.m.f. V is switched on.
Show that a travelling wave moves with a velocity of light on the overhead
PO1, PO3,
9 line and its speed is proportional to 1/√(με) on a cable with dielectric material PO4
of permittivity ε.
A surge of 100 kV travelling in a line of natural impedance 600 ohms arrives
10
at a junction with two lines of impedances 800 ohms and 200 ohms PO1, PO3,
respectively. Find the surge voltages and currents transmitted into each branch PO4
of line.

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 4: CORONA, SAG AND TENSION CALCULATIONS

PART-A (Two Marks Questions)

1 What is visual critical voltage due to corona? PO1
2 Write formula for power loss due to corona. PO1
3 What is stringing chart? PO1
4 Explain the methods of reducing corona loss. PO1, PO2
5 Explain the radio interference due to corona. PO1, PO2
6 List the factors affecting corona. PO1, PO2
7 Define sag and sag template. PO1, PO2
8 Describe the stringing charts. PO1, PO2
9 Describe the factors affecting corona. PO1
10 What is visual critical voltage due to corona? PO1
11 What is stringing chart? PO1
12 Write formula for sag for equal heights of towers. PO1
13 Write formula for sag for unequal heights of towers. PO1
14 Write sag formula including effect of wind and ice. PO1
15 Describe significance of sag template. PO1
16 Describe significance of stringing chart. PO1
17 Describe effect of corona on radio interference. PO1
18 What are the methods to reduce corona? PO1
19 Describe critical disruptive voltage? PO1
20 List out the disadvantages of corona. PO1, PO2
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)
Derive the expression for critical disruptive voltage. PO1, PO2,
1
PO3,PO6
A 3 phase line has conductor 2 cm in diameter spaced equilaterally 1 m apart.
PO1, PO2,
2 If the dielectric strength of air is 30 kV (max) per cm, find the disruptive PO3,PO6
critical voltage for the line. Take air density factor δ=0.952 and irregularity
7
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
factor m0=0.9.
Explain stringing chart. PO1, PO2,
3
PO3,PO6
A transmission line over a hillside where the gradient is 1:20 is supported by
two 22 m high towers with a distance of 300 m between them. The lowest
PO1, PO2,
4 conductor is fixed 2 m below the top of each tower. Find the clearance of the PO3,PO6
conductor from the ground. Given that conductor weighs 1 kg/m and the
allowable tension is 1500 kg.
5
Derive sag expressions for equal and unequal supports with ice and wind PO1, PO2,
effects. PO3,PO6
Find the disruptive critical voltage and visual corona voltage for a 3 phase 220
kV line consisting of 22.26 mm diameter conductors spaced in a 6 m delta
PO1, PO2,
6 configuration. The following data can be assumed. Temperature 250C, pressure PO3,PO6
73 cm of mercury, surface factor 0.84, irregularity factor for local corona 0.72
and 0.82 for decided corona.
7 Derive critical visual voltage expression. PO1, PO2,
PO3,PO6
Derive the expression of sag for transmission line. PO1, PO2,
8
PO3,PO6
Find the disruptive critical and visual corona voltages of a grid line operating at
9
132 kV. The following data is given: conductor diameter 1.9 cm, conductor PO1, PO2,
spacing=3.8 km, temperature=440C, barometric pressure=73.7 cm, conductor PO3,PO6
surface factor: fine weather=0.8, rough weather=0.66.
Derive expressions for sag and tension in a power conductor strung between
PO1, PO2,
10 two supports at equal heights taking into account the wind and ice loadings PO3,PO6
also.

Question PO
Questions
No. Attainment
UNIT – 5: OVERHEAD LINE INSULATORS & UNDERGROUND CABLES

PART-A (Two Marks Questions)

1
The insulation resistance of a cable of length 10 kM is 1 MΩ, then what is the
PO1, PO7
insulation resistance for 50 kM length of cable?
The capacitance of a 3-phase belted cable is 1.5 μF between the two cores with
2 the third core connected to the lead sheath. Then what is the capacitance per PO1, PO7
phase?
3 Define string efficiency. PO1, PO7
4 List the desirable properties of insulating materials used in cables. PO1, PO7
5 What are the advantages of inter sheath grading. PO1
6 List the advantages of pin type insulators. PO1, PO7
7 Classify the underground cables. PO1
8 Classify the string efficiency improving methods. PO1
9 List out different insulators. PO1
10 What are the desirable properties of an insulator? PO1
11 Write the expression for string efficiency. PO1
12 What are the advantages of capacitance grading of insulators. PO1
13 Differentiate between overhead line insulators and underground cables. PO1
14 What are different parts of an underground cable? PO1

8
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(Autonomous)
DEPARTMENT of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK Electrical Power Transmission (20EEE243)
15 What is the cause for unequal distribution of stress in insulators? PO1
16 What are the advantages of static shielding of insulators? PO1
17 What are different methods for improving string efficiency? PO1
18 What is a belted cable? PO1, PO7
19 Define insulation resistance of a cable. PO1
20 List out different methods of grading underground cable. PO1
PART-B (Ten Marks Questions)

1
What is string efficiency? Explain various methods of improving string
PO1, PO7
efficiency.
A three phase transmission line is being supported by three disc insulators.
2
The potentials across top unit and middle unit are 8 kV and 11 kV
PO1, PO7
respectively. Calculate (i) the ratio of capacitance between pin and earth to the
self capacitance of each unit. (ii) the line voltage and (iii) string efficiency.
3
What do you understand by the term grading of cables? Explain the
PO1, PO7
capacitance grading?
The maximum and minimum stresses in the dielectric of a single core cable
4 are 40 kV/cm (r.m.s) and 10 kV/cm (r.m.s) respectively. If the conductor PO1, PO7
diameter is 2 cm, Find (i) Thickness of insulation (ii) Operating voltage.
A string of 5 insulators is fitted with a guard ring. All the discs are similar and
5 capacitance of each pin to earth is C. Find the values of line to pin PO1, PO7
capacitances so that voltage distribution is uniform.
6 Write short notes on string efficiency improving methods. PO1, PO7
7 Describe grading of cables. PO1, PO7
8 Describe the distribution of voltage over a 4-unit string of insulators. PO1, PO7
9 Describe the inter sheath grading in underground cables. PO1, PO7
A 33 kV single core cable has a conductor diameter of 1 cm and a sheath of
10 inside diameter 4 cm. Find the maximum and minimum stress in the PO1, PO7
insulation.

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