L@ 2.0) 3.00) 40 5. (a) Silica is SiO,, 6. (@) Coal consists of carbon and various carbon compounds, Thus, itis a mixture. P32 X-B 7.0) *C= FB xn A. 40 8. (d) Mass of one molecule of water _Molmass___18 * 02x10" * Mass +. Volume of 1 molecule of water =—M#55_ ° wtseule Density 8x10 02x1 10 mL 10. (@) 1. 12.(a) 13.(d) ‘The amu represents atomic mass unit. It is used in place of unified mass unit, 1u=1 Avogram=1 Aston =1 Dalton Aa.oo24x10 g 2 =1.66x10 g = 166x107 kg. 14. (b) Non-zero digits are always significant. 15.(b) 1.05 « 10%, 1.050 « 104, and 1.0500 x 10* 16.(@) 14.5678 + 0.0001 g 17. (@) (89.332) + (1.1) = 90.432; round off to 90.4, 18. (b) N,O and NO verify the law of multiple proportions. 19.(@) According to the law of constant composition, “A chemical compound is always found to be made up of the same elements combined together in the same proportions by weights”. ‘This law is same as the law of definite proportions. 20. (b) According to Avogadro’s hypothesis one gram mole of 1 gas at NTP occupies 22.4 L. 2.@) ©, pytie Be 3g te In the above reaction, heat is evolved and mass of product is equal to mass of reactant. 22, (€) As ratio of masses of nitrogen per gram of hydrogen, hydrazine and NH, is simple whole number ratio, S521 03:2 «Iti the law of multiple proportions. 23.0) 24.(b) Dalton and Avogadro coined the term atom and ‘molecule, respectively. 25.0)2. Chemistry 26.(@) 27.(©@) Gram molecular weight is expressed in g mol", ie, ‘weight of one mole of substance. 28.(c), Empirical formula of glucose = CH,0; Molecular formula of glucose = (CH,0), 29. (b) The standard adopted for the determination of atomic ‘weight of elements is based on C#, 30,(€) Mass of | atom = 1.8x10™ g Mass of 6.02%10" atoms =6.02x10" x1.8x10™ g =6.002x1.8X10 g =108:36g, <+ Atomie mass of element = 108.36 31.0) 22.0) Img, = a0" 2Nx10" ImgN, = 28717" atoms, ImgN, = Img Na = 4*10 3N, 3 atoms, 8 (= Mg ofa substance = molecules = a *1V atoms; where ais number of atoms in one molecule). 33. (b) 1000 g H,O=1000 cm’ HO 1000 mole HO =1000 cm H,0 100542310” moka 1,0 ~ 100m 1,0 <1. Lmolecule of H,0=3x10em* 34.(a) Atoms in 1 molecule of C,,H,,0,, =45: atom in N molecule= 45. 38. (d) Follow stoichiometry of reaction, 36.(d)_ 1 mole is defined as the amount of matter that contains as many as objects (atoms, molecule, electron, proton or whatever, objects we are considering) as the number of atoms in exactly 12 g of C®, ie, Avogadro's number. 37.(a) 4g He=N atoms. 38.(@) 39. (a) 98 £HSO, contains 32 g or 1 mol of S 40, (a) H,SO, +2NaOH > Na,SO, +2H1,0 41. (b) See mole ratio A:B:C::1:2:1 42.) Butane and isobutane have same molecular formula. Ths, C+ JP: 400, +5140 2 + S8g C,H requires 0, = x32 g +: 1000 g C,Hyy requires O, =13, 220000 = 3586.22 =3.586 ke 8.) 44. (©) Elements react in the same number of equivalent and give same number of equivalents of products. . weight ‘Also oquivalent = eight _ cquivalent = —uivalent weight 45.(0) 46.(a)_.C® contains 6 N protons, 6 N electrons and 6 N’ neutrons. 47.(a) No. of molecules in n mote =m * Av. no; Also no.of atom in 1 molecule = atomicity. 48.(@) 9.(@) 50, (@) 9.108x10"" kg=1 electron s Tk sr electron —1___ 9.108510" 1 1 =, x1 moteetctron saosx10™ “6.o23x10" ™ 51. (@) For water, 1 g=1 mL (+d for water = 1) 2 18g=18 mL. 18mL water = .02%10" molecules =, molecules N,x1000 18 =55.55N, }6gH,O=2N molecules. + in 100mL number of water molecules 52.(a) 2 mole of HOSolutions 3 53.(b) 5.6 litre 60 g = 0.430 +4b)= 92.8 Gi) 22. litre = 240 g= mol. wt. On solving equation (i) and (i), we get ‘Vapour density = M/2=120 a=56 and b= 16 54.06) 224 lve water vapour = 1 mole HO=18EHLO 64) OM, +0,-0500,+ 2040 liquid =18 mL H,0 BE Tt 55.(a) I mole (g mol. wt.) ofa substance displaces 22.4 litre air at NTP. 56.(a) wt. of VmL = we, (ince 1 mole occupies 22400 mL at STP) ‘57. (€) Stoichiometry represents mole ratio or volume ratio of reactants and products. 58. (d) 1 mole = 1 g molar volume = 22.4 litre at STP 59. a) Given, volume of 0, =1L, “:224L of O, at STP =32 g 5. @) 1Lef, at STP=—2_g eke pa isn So =143g Taa+1is 268213 60. (b) Compounds with different molecular formulas will = 38.16n= 142 + 180 have the same percentage composition ifthey have the eee same empirical formals a so tesn tae 61. (b) Empirical formula mass = 12 +2+ 16 =30g wn =, "16 MP=n® EF an-7 =4% (CHO (CHO) 66.(b) 0,= = =CHO, 2 62. (b) Let wt. of compound = 100 g = We. of X= 50 g (50% of 100) 6 poe) 0” 3216 we of Y=50g penta) Xs = Empirical formula = SO, 67. @) Let wt. of compound yi My=522.5=221 So, empirical formula X,Y. 63.(6) Let M,=a and M,= So Molar mass of X,Y, =2a+3b Wt. of 0.2 mol X,¥,=0.2 (2a +36) = 0.2(2a+36)=32 4) ‘Molar mass of X,Y,=3a+ 4b wt. of 0.4 mol X,¥,=0.4(3a+ 45)4 Chemistry 68. (b) Molar mass NH,CONH, = 60 g ‘Wt. of N in urea = 2 14 100 = 46.6% 69. (b) Hieneas | % | wAtonis | Simple] Simple mass |_eato_|_ybolere Ce ET 1 Br__[ 80 | soso 2 2 “Hence, Empirical formula = CaBr, = 200. 200 Hence, Molecular formula = CaBr, 70.(0) 71. (9) Minimum mol wt. of insuin= 190 32 34 = 941.176 ghmol 72.(@) ,2 y= 254 80 ying 2880 7 127 16 So, empirical formula = 1,0, 73.(b) KCIO, > 2KC1+30, So, 3 mol of ©, is obtained fomr =2 mol KCIO, 0.5 mol of O, is obtained from = 2«0.s + moi KcIo, 3 74.(0) 44 + 2B + 3C>A,BC, 2012 403 F 05 =05 048 So, C is limiting reagent. From 3 moles of C, 4,2,C, formed = I mole For 1.44 moles of C, 4, formed = x 1.44 75. (€) 94+ 8BO, > 34,0, + 4B,0, 14 5 8 So, Ais limiting reagnet. 9 moles of A form —> 3 moles of 4,0,. So, 1 moles of A form -> moles of A,0,. 76. (a) SNH, + 50, > 4NO + 61,0 i ioa.e So, O, is limiting reagent. So, all oxygen will be consumed, 77.(b) BaCO, > Ba + CO, So, it forms 0.05 mole CO,, Vol. of CO, at NIP = 0.05 % 22.4 = 1.12 lite 78. (a) 2Mg +0, ->2MgO So, O, is limiting reagent and Mg will be left unreacted. Moles of Mg reacted = 2 * rg, =2« 000175 0.035 Moles of Me left = 0.04 ~0.035 005 005 x 24 012g 79. (@) N,+3H, > 2NH, Wt. of Mg=! So, N, is limiting reagent. So, from 5 mole N, = 10 mole NH, is formed, Was, = hag * MM. =10x17 =1708 1 85 gram NH, is actually formed. Sb yield 80, (@) 2X+3Y 32 22 - ‘Limiting reagent = Y So, Z formed from 2 mole Y=2 mole.n= 28 3 P, + 30, > PO, ees P, + 50, > PO, oe 01-3)-» = 304+ 5(0 ~ a) =04 (Oxygen is completely cmened) oe So, 0.05 moles of each will be formed. MV MY, 82. (a) M,= Mita “ys, = 150041500 ‘300500 83. (0) L100 Bx035" 8x25 2 15 molar 10 84. (6) % wi: ioe130*" 05%750+2%250 7504250 = 3754500 _ 875 7000” 1000 0875 M 86.(¢) Mass/Volume ratio is temperature dependent as volume can vary with temperature. 6.0210 M, 87.0) Moa Solutions 5 Vol. of solution may vary with temperature, So, ‘molarity depends on temperature. 3A + SB —> 7C + 9D s 7 5 1 Gene Zoia 99.0) So, Bis limiting reagent. 5 moles of B produce -> 7 moles of C =9.8 moles of C. => T moles of B produce > dx 5 moles of B produce -» 9 moles of D = T moles of B produces > 2x7=126 moles of D. 1 moles of Zn(FeS,) contains: 1 mole of Zn, 1 mole of Fe, 2 moles ofS. So, for 2 moles of Zn(FeS,), we need 2 mol Zn, 2 mol Fe, and 4 mol S. So maximum 2 moles of Zn(FeS,) can be made. 91. @) 92. (d) Wt of reactant = wt, of product So, wt. of polyethylene 280 ‘Moles of ethylene = 282 = wlene = FP=10 280g. nmole of ethylene form + mote polyethylene So, 10 n mole forms = #° mole polyethylene. 1.@) 1 mole of water= 18 g 2. (b) Valence of an element is variable say itis 2 and 3 in FeCl, and FeCl, respectively. Also equivalent weight _ at weight = and thus, itis also variable satene Ah hus, its also variable 3. (a) 1 mole of CH,COOH has 24 carbon = 2 g atom of carbon or 2 mole of carbon atoms, 4 mole of H atom. and two mole of oxygen atoms. 4. (@) 22.4 litre refers for mol. wt. +. 11.2 litre refers for 5.(b) 6.(d) 1 mole P, = N molecules of P, = 4iV atoms of P, = vapour density.Chemisty 7.@) 8) 9.(@) 10. (a) 11.(@) 2 13.0) 14.(@) 15.(@) 16.(@) 17.) 18.() 19. (6) 24 g carbon has 2V atoms. Rest all have I mole atoms. 1 mole NH, = 10 N electron M2 Spy mole NH, 24 10x wich =20ns0 etn ‘One molecule of CH,COOC;H, contains 14 atoms. 1 molecule of Ca(OH), contains 5 atoms, + I mole contains 51 atoms Wt. of solution Volume of solution 1 mole of ©, has 32g; the highest value in all he given data 24L= 17g Specific gravity = 7 = AT xa2=85 NaL= 55 eg ‘Mass of sucrose (in gram} ‘Molecular weight of sucrose Mole of sucrose 25.6 342.3 0.074782 Formula of sucrose = C,:H,.0,, Number of H atoms 6.023 * 10 Number of H atoms in 0.0747882 mole of sucrose = 22%6.023x10" x0,074788 = 99x10" Gram molecular volume of oxygen at STP is 5.6 L or 5600 cm* 1 mole of sucrose = 22 = (@) Atoms in 2.0 mol of 8, =2x8%6.02%10" 63210" (b) Atoms in 6.0 mol of S = 66.0210" =3.612x10" () Atoms in 5.5 mol of SO, =3%5.5%6.02x10" 9.9310" (@ Atoms in 4.48 L of CO, at 3x4.48x6,02%10" STP. era 20.(b) 21.0) 22. (a) 23.(@) =3.612x10" 023x10" electrons ‘Mass of one electron = 9.110 g Mass of one mole of electrons = 6.023x10 x9.1x10 g =5.48x10" g=0.548 mg = 0.55 mg In. 15 LofH, gas at STP, the number of molecules One mole of electron: 8.02310 224 x15 = 4.03310" In 5 LofN, gas at STP, the number of molecules 22.4 In0.5 gofH, gas, the mumber of molecules 34x10" (023x10" x0.5 2 =1.505x10" In 10 g of O, gas, the number of molecules 6.023%10" x10 32 =1.882x10” Hence,maximum molecules are present in 15 L of H, at STP. Number of atoms = molesx.V,,xatomicity Here, N,= Avogadro's number (a) Number of oxygen atoms in 1 g of 0 6 aa 6 (b) Number of oxygen atoms in 1 g of 0, = danpa 3Solutions _7 Ne 16 (© Number of oxygen atoms in 1 g of O, Ay aa we Hence, all have the same number of oxygen atoms. 24.(@) 25. (a) We know that protons in 1 mole CaCO, atomic number of calcium + atomic number of carbon + 3 (atomic number of oxygen) =2046+3(8)=50 mol 10x50, <:-Proton in 10 g CaCO, = 19*50,6.0210" 100 =3.01x10" 26. (d)_ Number of atoms present in 12 g carbon =6.023x10" No, of atoms present in 1 mg carbon 6.023x10" x1 121000 1.50210" Mass of 22400 cm? of CH, at STP=16 g s+ Mass of 1 em’of CH, at STP ++Mass of 112 om! of CH, at STP = 29.(b) 11.210? x6,023x10 x2 30. (a) Number of atoms in N, 224 = 6.02310" [Number of atoms in NO = 2:015%2%6.0234107 30 =6.023x10" 31.6) 32.(@) 18 mL HO or 18 gH,0 has 10 N electrons. 34. (a) 558.5 gFe= mole Fe= 10 mole Fe =2% Smole C=2« 60gC 35.(¢) 36.(€) Molecular mass of Na,CO, = 2. 23 + 12-+3 «16 = 106 4 106 g Na,CO, contains = 3 « 6.023 * 10* oxygen atoms 4. 106 g of Na,CO, will contain 3x6.023%10% 106 = 1.806 * 10 oxygen atoms 37. (@) (1) 0.1 mole of CO, 10.6 = 18.069 x 10 38.(@) 100 mL. O,, NH, and CO, For O,, no, of molecules 1 For NH, A. x 6.023 no. of molecules = 5 * 6.023 « 10 shy «6.023» 108 For CO,, no. of molecules : 224 39.(a) 111 g CaCl, contains N ions of Ca?* and 2.N ions of cr. 40. a) 98 g H,S04 contains 32 g S or 1 mole of S 4. @) 42.(a)_ I molecule of CH,COOH contains 8 atoms; :. 1 mole contains 8 N atoms $8. (@) Mole of Co= > (te largest value) 44.(€) Mole of N, s- 3 5 (the lowest valve) 80 (@ Number of moles ofoxygen= +5 Number of atoms of oxygen = $2 >.N, 28 _chomisey =5xN,x2 Number of moles in 5 gof hydrogen = = [Number of atoms in 5g of hydrogen =5 « N, 2 Hence, the number of atoms in 80 g of oxygen is equal to the number of atoms in 5 g of hydrogen, 46.(a) ,C® contains 6 N protons,s N electrons and 6 N neutrons. 47.0) 48.(@) we 9.) Se Tas 8 50, (dy n= Se = Nook pares sae 425 _No.of NH molecules 7 6x10" = No, of NH, moleutes= 425 6x10 Sacto = 1.5% 10 4 NH, molecule has 4 atoms, So, 1.5 « 10 molecules will have =4 » 1.5 « 10% 6 * 10? atoms L@ Volume Volume ratio Ratio oF molecules a : Z OX+2Y=2 Molecules Atoms |3x2=6]1x2=2] 3X+IY=1 Molecule massof Viitreof O, massofSO, ~ massof Viitreof SO, massof Imolof O, ‘massof Imolof SO, Mass of O, = the mass of 0, 3. (0) The two compounds used to illustrate the law must contain the same two elements but in different mass ratios. 4.(b) Molecular masses of Cu,0 = 143 and CuSO, 5H,0 = 249.5. 2 mol of CuSO, 5H,O contains 1 mol of CuO. 2249.5 g of CuSO, SHO contains 143 g of Cu,0. 100 g of CuSO, SHO contains 28.71% of Cu,0. T2.285-+27.8x87 100 5.@ =85.56 6.(d) Average atomic mast Average atomic mass 75.53 36.966 + 24.47%34.969 100 7.(@) Average atomic mass (6.015175) +(7.0160%92.5) _ 6 op59 100 8.(€) Only the relative atomic mass of O and relative mo- lecular mass of O, would have been half of standard value, The mass does not get affected. 32 g of oxygen contains = 6.023 x 10" molecules of ‘oxygen, «. I gof oxygen contains 6.023 10% 32 10. (@) 1L of air contains =210 em’ of 0, ‘Also 22400 em? = I mol 210 ——— =0,0093 mol 22400 1. @) 12.) 13.(0) c: 0 Compound 1 ; 42.9 : 57.1 Compound 2 ; 27.3 :72.7 42.9 1142 9.(@) =1.88%10? molecules 273-3 72.7 42.97.27 273 +. Ratio of © in compound 1 and 2 is, S71: 1142 1:2 Hence, the law of multiple proportions. 14. (€) Phosphorous trichloride and phosphorous pentachloride 29> =114.2Solutions_9 15. (b) Equal volumes of all gases under same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules. 16. (b) Molecular mass of chlorine is 71 g 71 gof chlorine occupies 22.4 Its at STP 7.1 g of chlorine occupies 2.24 Its at STP 17.(b) Moles of sodium __ Number of atoms _ 1.5610" ““Avagadro number | 6.02x10" 18, (b) In 1 mole of AL(SO,), 2 moles of Al are present for 3 moles of sulphur. 0.53 moles of Al are present for 0.8 moles ofS. 3 moles of S—> 2. mol AL 0.8x2 00259 08> = 053 19, (b) 2 atoms of N combine with 5 atoms of oxygen 7.14 10 atoms of N combine with 37.1410" atoms of 0 5 6.02 x 10° atoms of O weigh 16 g px. 14x10" atoms of O weigh — 16 __Sc7.14x10" =0.476 8. e02x10* “2 20, (d) 22.4 L of a gas (at STP) > 6.02 x 10 molecules 89.6 L ofa gas (at STP) -> 82.6 X6.02X10" oie 224 = 4x 6.02 x 10 molecules 21. (b) The ratio of Cr : © atoms = 4.810": 9.610 = 1:2 22, (a) Molecular mass of NH,NO, is 80 80 g of NH.NO, contains 28 g of N wotWis 8x100=35 30 (© I mole of (NH,),CO, = 96.11 g 1.45 mole of (NH),CO, = 139 g (NH),CO, 24, (@) Gay Lussac’s law of gaseous volumes: The volumes of gaseous reactants and gaseous products, measured ‘under similar conditions of T and P, will be in a simple ratio to one another. 25. (b) One mole of Mg, (PO,), contain 8 moles of oxygen atoms. Number of moles of Mg,(PO,), containing 0.25 mole of oxygen atom is 1025 =3.125%10" moles mass of substance _ 90 26. (@) Moles = 90, © Moles = rolarmass 18 27. (@) Moles of caleium 3 =0.75 which is more than moles of other substances (0.5 moles of C, Mg and H.) ‘mass of solute ‘molar massx Vi; 585: 585x500 29, (e) Least number of molecules will be present in least moles. 28. (b) Molarity 1000 1000 =0.2 Moles of N, =.= which is less than moles of other 2807 30. (d) 4g He=N, atoms; 46 g Na=2N, atoms, 0.40 g. Ca=0.01 10_ow sty In brown oxide; lead weight = 1.227 —0.16= 1.067 1.067 _ 6.669 Mess ato O15 1.0 ‘So multiple proportion i followed. 6. (@) Co, + Op -#xC0, +2140 (rian) ae ls Noel om According to Gay Lussac’s law, volume ratio = mole ratio 125:78 3:3 7. (a) [Number of molecules « Number of moles 38 28 iev2moleHo; =F mole CO s4 jpg 705 moles mole C,H,01 Wt(Os) My, _ 1x28 7 Moleraio= funy” 32x43 8. (@) 80%6.023x10% = 321.23 pmotx 15x10 = Now one mote of X weigh = 92428 = 160615 am 10. @) ost = £10014 000x101 io x=20 * 100-x=80 11. (b) 2 8 1 mole of X=4m « Fm atoms of X= 5 m atoms 8 1 mote of X= $m atoms of X 2 Faanaotxntvee 5,8 - ES meson m3 Wyxs, Sxl = XS, 4 4 5954 Aa Fas d= E583 13. (a) sap 0483 Moles of “0” = 9% io X a2» Hist, 16 Given formula aio X= 2 = EP I M= 58.68 15. (b) 26.09 o BP ea7 1 H 4352 ° 4352 So, the empirical formula ofthe compound = CHO, 16. (a) CaCO, +C40+C0, 100 10010? = 178.57 « 57100 10? = 178.57 x 10° em. 17.) 12,992 $202 = 0.14100 18. (b) KI, +Ke1+ 30, as ae 12549. ; BAS .<1.9 = 484 gm KCI, iy 284 % purity = 19. (a) 100%2.2 °222 3.93 gmat CaCO, purity = 223 x 100-786@ 4.06100 _ Mgo%= 73558 MeCo, = 64.42 - (a) 249.7 em copper sulphate has = $ molecule HO * 6.023 « 10 0.1 gm copper sulphate will have 5%0.1%6.023 x10 249.7 = 0.012 « 10° = 1.2 10 © ex + $0, 42004-4140 MoleO, _ 5 Mole 00; ~ 2 (b) k s ° 303 16 _ 189, 780, rs >Pbl, +2KNO, Limiting reagent is KI give one mole Pol, or332 am of KI gives, 461 gof Po, 461 25.73 gofKI= 1x5.73 = 573 gofKI= $555.73 = 7.96 gPbl, @ Molecular weight of CuSO, «SEO = 6354324445 % 18=2495 1249.5 gm CuSO, SHO molecule, oxygen present = 144 gm 14x50 40 pncus0, 5,0 vi omin= #22 = 20.59n () % Inmec-20; Bae = m6 tnosso,si,0; 2, «361% 108 incact, 61,0; 18 — 49.39 OH 219 ee 257-+108 In NICO, 29.5% Solutions _11 21. (d) Sn0,+ 2H, —>Sn+2H,0 151 gm Sn0, give volume of H, =2 22.4 224 2 gm Sn0, will give= 2%224<9 = 9.5931 ©) Motaity of Naont= 12220%1.131 0 MxV,=5 mole 12x10x1,131 5x40 0x1.131 ATL 29. (a) C,H,0, = 60+ 10+80= 150 +5 6.023 = 10° carbon atoms are present in 150 gm Ribose 1.2 « 10% carbon atoms will be present in 150%1.2%10% 5% 6.023 x10 9.8 em 30. (0) mass of Hy _ El ‘mass ofS0, ~ 8 Given, Mass ‘Mole = Mass _ ‘Molar mass 3.8 1 Mole ratios Se = 4:5 31. (€) We know that from the reaction H, + Cl, > 2HCI that the ratio ofthe volume of gaseous restants and products is in agreement with their molar ato, The ratio of H, :Cl,: HCI Yolumes is 1:1 :2 which isthe same as their molat ratio. ‘Thus, volume of gas is directly related to the number of| roles. Therefore, both assertion and reason are false. 32. (@), The reactant used is called limiting reagent. 33.(6) Meg, = N > V in mL = —™#8S (b) Meg. Ss «1000 ; No doubt N decreases with dilution but V increases and thus, Meq. remains constant 34.) 35.) 36. (@) Carbon combines with oxygen to form two oxides CO and CO, The ratio of different masses of oxygen that combines with a fixed mass of earbon i 1:2. 37.) 38.0) (ay) 2H, + 0,—> 280 10g 10g12__Chomistry , isthe limiting reagent : 1 mol O,=2 mol HO aes eee We ute sma toot am ne inn eng —i ee amng (ep) CaCO, 25 CO + 00, 1 = 1 xs6eca0 2056 700 58 8 @>@ Cc + 2H, > cH, log ‘ibe fmt na inthe inting reagent 39.0 (PG) mol of KMa0, b> pan mol of HCO, 49) mol of CO, (5) Mol of CO 40, (a) a1. (4) 200002 : om moles 42. (4) 43, (11.8) My, 05* 1640530 =23=2%VD SVD9s 4. (a) 45. (6) Molecular weight _ 2x90 =6 Emp. formula weight 30 48. (18.69) Hc, > Pt 075 em, ois 075 _ 0.245 Tho+M ~ 195 M= 186.93 + 10= 18.69 49, (49.3) ot HO = HE « 100493 50. (81.2) Pure urea has N content= 46.6 46.6% nitrogen is present in 100% pure urea 100x425 42.5% nitrogen willbe present = “5-=~ =91.2% PYQ MHT-CET 1 @ 2 @ 1gatomofMg=24g 3. (© Number of molecules in 146 g HCI Weight of HCI © Molar mass of HCL 40 5. (b) Density of water = 1 g/mL. ‘Therefore, 0.05 mL water = 0.05 g water Number of water molecules in 0.05 mL Weight of water ‘Molar mass of water * 6.023 10% 0.08 ig” 6023 = 10" => 1.67 10" 6. (b) If 1 Lof gas weights = 1.16 g ‘Then 22.4 L of gas weights = 1.16 « 224 =26g Molar mass of C,H, =26 87 © & @ 9 (a) 10. (a) 1.) 14.0) 15. (b) 16.0) 1.@ 18.@) 19.(0) 20.0) 21. (b) 22. (¢) 23. 24.(6) 25.(a) 22400 mL. of N, gas contain 6.023 * 10* molecules 443 ‘Then 44,8 mL contain = * 6.023 10% 224 = 12x10" 22.7 L of methane contain 6.023 10 molecues 568, 568 L of methane contain = => » 6.023 « 10 151 * 10% c + 0, > CO, Rs Be “a 12 g carbon need 32 g of oxygen to produce 44 g CO, 2C + 20, — 2C0, me te e (64 g of oxygen reacts with only 24 g carbon (2 mol) to produce 88 g CO,. 2 2B. @ PYQJEE Main’ Solutions _13 = 2528 FS mot of C,H, produce moles of CO, 15x756 210 15x 756, zo “48 = 276 2. @ 00, =¢ #8 “be sg 2ass0g C= 222 x100=75% 120 HO = 2H 8g 2e 28, 210g 28208 2x270%100 eof 55120 3. (€) 35% by mass means 100 g solution has 35 g HCI 3 100 g solution has 2. moles of HCI =8 > Via e <3 1 smhae 35 jag bsonhas <> mol 35x146 CL Sing Corect Afbwer Type” 1 LO Volume dens ‘Mass of C,H, = d * V= 0.756 1000 = 756 gram ©,Hy0+ S342) —s 15 COY@) + 150 Imot 3 motes 15 moles 156 sre 455-756 2S motes of CH, require 48288 mot 1 Lsol’n has ‘mol = 14 moles. 365 4. (@GMM of CH,.N, = 120+ 14 +28 = 162 g mot" Another way if more than one choice has same mass ‘Moles relative no. of atoms 4 nn’ |i c | 74% N | 173% H | 8.7%14 Chemisty Empirical formula = C,NH, molecular weight Empirical weight Empirical weight = 81, n= 5) To find L.R. 1 mol of Fe,O, gives 3 mol of Fe 20 mol of Fe,0, gives 60 mol of Fe 4 mol of CO gives 3 mol of Fe 90 mol of CO gives 3*90=67.5 mol of Fe = LRisFe0, 7, = 60 W,,= 60x 56=3360g 0.02858%0.112 _ 0.003200 05702 0.5702 6) .00561 7. (€) SO,CI, + 2H,0 + H.S0, + 2HCL xmole xmole 2x mole H,SO, + 2NaOH —+ Na,SO, + 2H,0, xmole 2xmole HCL+ NaOH — NaCl +H, emol "3e mol Total mole of NaOH required = 2+ 2r=4x=16 4-16 = a4 8. (6) % of Iron in hemoglobin = 0.34% = 100 g of Hb has 0.34 g of Fe Given mass of hemogtobin = 3.3 g ‘Mass of Iron in 3.3 g of hemoglobin = 3.3 a8 = 0.01122 gm = ny 56 No. of Iron atoms: of moles * N, 0.01122, 6093 10 36 = 1.206 x 10 = 12110" © N,Q) +3H,(@) = 2NH(g) Wttaken 20g Sg my e0714 my, = +e ‘ Tofind LR According to eqn. | mote of N, gives 2 mol of NH, 0.714 ofN, gives 2 « 0.714 of NH, 1.428 mol w 3 mol of H, gives 2 mol of NH, | mot of, gives 2 mol of NH, 2.5 mol of H, gives 225 mol of NH, 5 mol => LRisN, gg, =1.428, 10, (¢) According to equation 3 moles of KNO, is produced from 4 mol of HNO, 0, 0, 3 “tor x63 = 91.485 Milimolesof Istease _ 500%025_2 25.4 1, @ Milianlesof tons, @ Millimoles of IInd case 2500.25 2.© e.,+(s+2}0, 200, +280 No. of equivalents of ©, = No. of equivalents of H,O No. of equivalents of H,0 = 3 m6 No ofan f= 0295 x=95-15=8 CH=CH 13, (@KOH + CO,—+ K,Co, 14. @ ext, +(x+2}o. +00; +28,0 (ae Gp tiven (x+2)o=t1a seteSolutions 15 Formula = C,H, 15, (@) Ba(OH), + 2HBr > BaBr, + 2H,0 mmol 0.1 required mmol of HBr=0.2=0.02* V,, Vil = 10 mL, 16. (@) Number Significant figure (a) 0.00253 3 (B) 1.0003 5 © 150 3 (©) 163, 3 Volume at STP) _ 2.8375 17. (8) No.of motes = YOBERSTRC) 25375 «0,125 moe No of molecules ‘= no. of moles * N, = 0.125 x 6,023 * 10 = 7.527 «108 18 @ (A)16 g oF 1 mol CH, or 6.02 « 10% * 10 electrons = 60.2 10* electrons () (B)I gH, oF 1/2 mol H, or 11.35 L volume at STP (IV) (©) mol N, = 28 gN, (1) (B)0.5 mol 80, = 32g'S0, (AI) 19. (@) Mass % of A in solution = LA 100 2 = Fxi00=10% 20. (a) Let mass of CaCO, in the mixture is x g, s0 mass of ‘MgCO, in the mixture is (2.21-%)g. Moles of C2C0, (c,) = SEBS = mot givenmass 2.21 mol ‘molarmass "84 Moles of MECO, (co) ‘When the mixture is heated’earbon dioxide escapes ‘out leaving solid mass containing CaO and MgO. CaCO, (s)—* Ca) + C04(8) ‘MaCO,() 2 >M2065) +CO,(@) By stoichiometry: Moles of Ca0 (1,0) Moles of MgO (go) = Myyco, = em Mass of CaO (1,0) = ojo molar mass= 7098 Mass of MgO (Wyo) = yuo X Molar ma _2al-x. 40 84 e Mass of residue= Woo + Wo 5 6g, 22I-z 564 IR 40 = 100 84 ae 56x, CB4—40%) 159 10" 4 $6 x84r-+ (8.4—405)100 — 132 7b +8840 = 96768 704 = 8368 eats? ‘Thus mass of CaCO, in the mixture is 1.187g and ‘mass of MgCO, in the mixture is 2.21-1.187)g = 1.023g. CTs 1, (6418) Moles of Compound (C,H.N,0,) © Numerical Value Type 6s 215 CHN,O,=3N Imole 3 mol 3mol 9 mol 9 * 12 8.11 = 18 6, (143) CH, + 20g) > CO,(@) + H,0 100 1 208 Tot 3 mote 6.25 mol6.5 mol 65 Woo, = Ext = 143 g Tofind LR. 1 mol of CH, gives 1 mol of CO, 6.25 mol of CH, gives 6.25 mol of CO, 1 mal oF, ves + mot CO, 6.5 molof,gves 1x63 mol ofCO,=325 mol = LRiO, ro oduced 328 mo Won produced 325 48= 143 ¢ 7. (225) CH(g) +20) + CO,(g) + 24,0 2 moles of water is produced from 1 mol CH, 1 mole of water is produced from ; ‘mol CH, St moles of water is produced from 42 =225 10? moles 8. (2) Letatomic mass of A is a and B is b respectively ‘Molar mass of A,B 2a+b =) ‘Molar mass of AB, = at3b 2) Then 0.15 (2a+6)=0.15(0 +36) a),2 ts ($)=7 sa=25 9. @) (Organic compound containing C,H,O) eae H+ 0 +o 18 % of H in organic compound = 73.100 = 6.465 % ¥ A xto0 =| In(ay % of Ht= A100 = 6. In(B)% of H= 2 x100 = 64 6 = In(C) % of H= x10 =7.677 4 In(D)% of H= 4100 = 9.09 410. (13) MnO, + 4HCI— MnCl, + Cl(g)+2H,0 Cl, + 2KI 1, +2KCI I, + 2Na$,0, > 2Nal +NaS,0, Milli eq. of MnO, = Milli eq. of Cl, = Milli eq, of 1, = Milli eq. of Hypo. = Milli ¢9, of MnO, Milli mol of Hypo Milli mol of MnO, as MnO, = 2Na,S,0, 3x10" molx87 ili eq. of Hypo % Mn0, 100 = 13.05% = 13 U1. (46) N, + 3H, + 2NH, Initial volume: S6L excess According to Stoichiometry of equation 20 L NH, is produced from 10 LN, ‘Thus volume of N, unused (56-10) L= 46 L. 12. @4 agg | gia Volume of solution = 21.= 2000 mL. ‘Mass of solution = 2000 gm __ ass ofsolte yg ‘nass of solution mnsss of ME 106 2000 = 4% 107 mol No. of Mg-atoms = mole *N, * 10° x 6.02 x 10° 24.08 x 10 = x 10° x224 13. (4) ‘Step 1: 800 ml of 0.5 M nitric acid 00x 0.5 = 400m mol of HNO, acid‘Step 2: Mass of nitric acid before heating = 400 « 103 x 63 17. @) X4+Y+3Z 2 XYZ, Initial moles 110.05 = 25.2 gm Step 1: To caleuate LR. Step 3: Mass of nitric acid after heating 1 mote of X gives I mole of XYZ, =252-115 1 mole ofY gives 1 mole of XYZ, = 13.7 gm 3 mole of Z gives I mole of XYZ, ‘olan ofan ater eating smote gves 085 mole of XYZ, = 0016 = 320 400m1, 2 SoLRisZ Step 4: Mags = 22 (Mt of HNO, after heating) =r, obtained = 0.016 mol aa Weof XYZ, obtained is 0.016 x 120=2 g = 8118 00 18.) Namberot noes ofeaon die = 0.54365 = 54.365 « 10 (eo,)= SESS we 2B = 05 mol - : »)* Molarmass ~ 44 gol ae Combustion reston of methane is represented as: coe CH, +20, + €0,+28,0 14.8) SH Mee CO By stoichiometry: “A= 82 nog, = 0.5 mol 16, (530) CHO 20.4) =5* 10? moles Produced =5 * 10% moles x 106 gimol=53 g = 530 107g. ‘Mass ofmethane= "ou, X Mey, = 05 mol16 gmol"=8 g 19. (138) il Mass of aniline 93.8 Moles of aniline . Catt eam, 3 enol =0.1mol Lo (C,H.NH, + CH, -C—-0—C-CH, > ‘Aniline carga Len, rcn,to-n Acstanilide As aitne is imiting reagent, moles of acetanilide produced depend upon moles of aniline. By stoiciomety: moles of ecetanilide= moles of anitine roles of acetanilide (on, Mass of acetanilide = Mews,wwcoca, X Mey tcoce, 0.1 mol 135 gmot! 359° 135% 10g H,C,0,+2NoOH + Na,C,0, +240 By stoichiometry: Baw. BC.04 Mu 26nL_ 5M C0, +2H,0 5 mol=50%107 mol 23. (24) 24.14) SPDCI, + 2(NH),PO, ~> Pb,PO,), + 6NH,CL Finding limiting reagent: rac Rin Stoichiometric coefficient of PbCl, 3 Mesa yr 30 9s Stoichiometric coefficient of (NH,),PO, 2 As 24 <25, PbCl, i limiting reagent. Amount of product ie. PbPO), formed depends upon amount of limiting Pocl Precrops _ rec 1 3 repo, _, 72 mmol 1 3 ys cr0_ = 24 mol ext, +(+2}0, +100, +(2)11,0 4.y=10 The hydrocarbon is C,H,- Total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in itis 14