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Splinting

The document outlines various types of splints and specific techniques for splinting different body areas, including the upper arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, pelvis, femur, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot. It emphasizes the importance of assessing circulation, sensation, and movement (CSM) before and after splinting, as well as stabilizing injuries in their found position. Additionally, it provides instructions for using both rigid and soft splints for various injuries.

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jihan.080802
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4 views

Splinting

The document outlines various types of splints and specific techniques for splinting different body areas, including the upper arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, pelvis, femur, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot. It emphasizes the importance of assessing circulation, sensation, and movement (CSM) before and after splinting, as well as stabilizing injuries in their found position. Additionally, it provides instructions for using both rigid and soft splints for various injuries.

Uploaded by

jihan.080802
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Splints

A. Pillow Splint
B. SAM Splint
C. Buddy Splint / Anatomic Splint / Self-splint
• Uses the body as splint
Splinting Specific Areas
UPPER ARM (HUMERUS)
1. Assess CSM before splinting. Gently place the injured arm across the chest. If available, tie a rigid splint to the
outside of the arm. If a rigid splint is not available, go to Step 2.

2. Loop a cravat or strap around the neck and wrist to allow the arm to hang in the sling position.

3. Secure the arm to the chest with a swathe (folded triangular bandage). Assess CSM after splinting.
ELBOW
• An elbow must be stabilized in the position in which it is found—if bent, splint it bent; if straight, splint it
straight.

Bent Position

1. Assess CSM before splinting. If the injured elbow is bent, place a rigid splint or SAM splint from the upper arm to
the wrist. Tie a rigid splint or SAM splint onto the arm with cravat bandages. Place the arm in a sling, and assess
CSM after splinting.

Straight Position
FOREARM SPLINT
• To stabilize a forearm fracture, place the hand of the injured arm in the position of function (hand looks like it is
holding a baseball) by placing a rolled pair of socks or a roller bandage in the palm. Then attach a rigid splint that
extends past the tips of the fingers along the forearm and goes to or above the elbow.

• Rigid Splint for forearm

- Place a rigid object (eg, cardboard, wood board, folded newspaper or magazine) under the forearm.
- Place padding (eg, towel, T-shirt) between the rigid object and the skin, and place padding in the
palm (eg, roller bandage, wad of cloth).
- Secure the splint onto the arm by using either a roller bandage or folded triangular bandages (known
as cravat bandages).
- Place the arm in a sling with a binder.
• Soft Splint for Forearm
- Wrap a pillow or folded blanket around the forearm.
- Secure the soft splint (eg, pillow) by using folded triangular bandages (known as cravat bandages) or
cloth bands.
- Place the arm in a sling with a binder. Assess CSM after splinting.
WRIST, HAND, FINGERS
• Similar to use of rigid splint in forearm fracture
• For finger fractures – use buddy splint. Separate 2 fingers with gauze pad

PELVIS AND HIP


• If you suspect a pelvis or hip fracture, stabilize the person as you found them. DO NOT lift the legs, and wait for
EMS to arrive.

FEMUR (THIGH)
• Call 9-1-1 immediately. Tell the person not to move. Keep them lying down. DO NOT move or attempt to
straighten the leg. Apply an ice pack while waiting for EMS. Treat for shock, but DO NOT raise the injured leg.
• A fractured femur is best splinted with a traction splint, which requires special training to use. Traction splints are
seldom available except on ambulances.
KNEE
• Always stabilize an injured knee in the position in which you find it. If the knee is straight, splint it straight; if it
is bent, splint it bent

• Splinting a Knee in the Straight Position

(1) Assess CSM before splinting. Lift the injured leg and place a rigid splint (long board) under the leg.
The splint should extend from the buttocks to beyond the foot.
(2) Place cravat bandages under the rigid splint and place soft padding under the knee and ankle.
(3) Tie the cravat bandages.
o DO NOT tie the knots over the injured area. DO NOT tie the knot over skin. All knots
should be tied against the splinting material. Assess CSM after splinting.

(1) (2)

(3)
• Splinting Knee in Bent Position
1. Assess CSM before splinting. Place a rigid splint (long board) against the injured leg. DO NOT place
the splint against the knee.
2. Tie a cravat bandage around the splint and lower leg.
3. Tie a cravat bandage around the splint and thigh.
4. Tie knots over the splint, not over the leg. Assess CSM after splinting.

(1) (2)

(3) (4)
LOWER LEG
Self-Splint of lower leg

(1) Assess CSM before splinting. Place padding (folded blanket) between the legs. Push the cravat bandages under
the leg with a thin board.
(2) Tie the legs together.
(3) Tie knots between the legs, over the padding (folded blanket). Assess CSM after splinting.

(1) (2)

(3)
Splinting Leg using Rigid Splint

• Assess CSM before splinting. Place one rigid splint (board) on the outside (lateral) and another inside (medial).
Push the cravat bandages under the leg with a thin board.
• Tie both splints and leg together with cravat bandages.
• Tie knots on top of the splint (board). Assess CSM after splinting.

(1) (2)

(3)
ANKLE AND FOOT
• Treat ankle and foot injuries with the RICE procedure. To further stabilize an ankle, wrap a pillow or folded
blanket around the ankle and foot and tie with cravats

Splinting an ankle and foot with a rolled or


folded blanket in a U shape

Splinting an ankle and foot with a rolled or


folded blanket in a U shape

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