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APA - Referencing Guide

REFERENCE LIST ENTRIES (HTTPS://LIBGUIDES.MURDOCH.EDU.AU/APA/ENTRIES) ALL EXAMPLES (HTTPS://LIBGUIDES.MURDOCH.EDU.AU/APA/ALL)

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Four Steps to Referencing

1. Record
At the time of reading a document, record all of the information (descriptive elements) necessary to create a citation. The data you record should include the
page numbers for direct quotations and for journal articles or book chapters.
The descriptive elements for a variety of document types are listed below. These lists will help you to keep the information necessary to create your references.



Be careful with photocopied articles from journals or chapters from books. You must keep a record of the journal where the article was published or the book
where you found the chapter.
Please note: You may not need to use all of these elements for every citation.
Whole book
Author’s surname and initials or given name
Title of publication
Title of series, if applicable
Volume number or number of volumes, if applicable
Edition, if not the first
Editor, reviser, compiler or translator, if other than the author
Publisher
Year of publication
Page number(s), if applicable
Parts of books (chapters, sections, conference papers, etc.)
In addition to the details for the Whole Book (see above) record the following information specific to the part:
Author's surname and initials or given name (of the part)
Title of the part
Inclusive page numbers of the part
Journal articles
Author’s surname and initials or given name
Title of the article
Title of the journal
Volume and issue number
Year of publication
Inclusive page numbers
Electronic documents
Some examples of electronic format documents are internet pages, journal articles published on the internet or journal articles retrieved from an academic
research database.
Some documents are published in both paper and electronic formats, for example government reports and journal articles. Please cite according to the format
you have accessed.
For electronic journal articles, record the descriptive elements specified above for journal articles. In addition, include a DOI or URL if available.
The following is a list of common descriptive elements you may need to record for citation of an electronic document. This list is comprehensive. The elements
you record will depend upon the type of electronic document you are describing.
Author's surname and initials or given name if present
Title of the document
Title of the webpage
URL
Page or section numbers if given
Format
Year of publication or latest update date
DOI (https://libguides.murdoch.edu.au/APA/electronic#s-lg-box-wrapper-24904842)
Internet address
Email address
Please note: Not all electronic documents have an obvious author or title, so you will sometimes need to use your own judgment to determine these details.
Be aware that pagination may not be present or appropriate for many electronic publications.

2. Org anise
File or store this information, and the source documents if you have them, in a manner and format that can be easily accessed at a later date. You may wish to
write all details on the print copy of an article you are using; or you may wish to keep a system of filing cards for each reference item you use. Alternatively, you
may decide to maintain a master reference list on your computer, which you add details to as required. There are a number of software packages now available.
One example is EndNote, which you can use to manage your references. These programs can be used to produce reference or works cited lists in a specified
style. Please see the EndNote Guide (http://libguides.murdoch.edu.au/Endnote) for information about this software.

3. Cite
Construct your citations within the text of your essay, using the appropriate guidelines for the style of citation you are using.

4. List
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

Create either a reference or works cited list at the end of your essay or thesis. Titles of books and journal titles should be italicised. The use of capitals and
punctuation should be consistent and will vary according to the citation style being used.
The usual arrangement for a reference list in APA style is a single sequence in alphabetical order by author, with the author's surname preceding the initials.
Where an item has no author, it is usual to list it alphabetically by title in the reference list in sequence by the first significant word of the title.

Last Updat ed: Nov 2, 2022 4:33 PM URL: https://libguides.murdoch.edu.au/APA  Print Page
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