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Drug Dependace and Drug Addiction

The document discusses drug dependence and addiction, highlighting how drugs alter mood and perception, leading to prioritization of drug use over basic needs. It differentiates between physical dependence, characterized by withdrawal symptoms, and addiction, where individuals feel a compulsive need for the drug despite negative consequences. Additionally, it covers concepts such as reinforcement, habituation, substance use disorder, and drug abuse, emphasizing the social and medical implications of drug use patterns.

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13 views8 pages

Drug Dependace and Drug Addiction

The document discusses drug dependence and addiction, highlighting how drugs alter mood and perception, leading to prioritization of drug use over basic needs. It differentiates between physical dependence, characterized by withdrawal symptoms, and addiction, where individuals feel a compulsive need for the drug despite negative consequences. Additionally, it covers concepts such as reinforcement, habituation, substance use disorder, and drug abuse, emphasizing the social and medical implications of drug use patterns.

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230101039mbbs
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Drug Dependace and

Drug Addiction
Presented by - Kanishka
Reg no. - 230101039
Batch - Mbbs 23-24
What can a drug do?
Drugs are capable of altering mood and perception
Euphoria, recreation, withdrawal from reality
People who use drugs repeatedly for personal gratification

Progress with indulgence

Start priorizing drug over basic needs

Development of tolerance
Drug Dependence/ physical dependence

It is an altered physical state produced by repeated administration of


a drug which necessitates the continued presence of the drug to
maintain physiological equilibrium
Withdrawal Symptom is produced on discontinuation of drug
Neuroadaptation - essence of process is adaptation of nervous system
to function normally in the presence of drug
Produced by - opioid, barbiturates, alcohol, benzodiazepines
Stimulant drugs such as amphetamines, cocaine produced minimal
physical dependence
Drug addiction/physiological dependence

A person is considered to have developed drug addiction when he or she


belives that an optimal state of well being is achieved only through the
action of the drug
subject feels craving for the drug and is emotionally distressed if the drug
is not taken
starts as liking for the drug effects and progress to compulsive drug use in
few individuals who lose control and cannot stop taking the drug
even after withdrawal most addicts tends to relapse
eg - amphetamines, cocaine, cannabis,
drugs like nalorphine produce dependence without imparting addiction in
the sense that there is little drug seeking behavior
Reinforcement
it refers to the ability of a drug to produce effects that the user enjoys
and which make him/her wish to take it again or produce drug seeking
behavior
activation of mesolimbic dopaminergic reward system by addicting drug
plays an important role in reinforcement
activation of this system in the addict imparts a sense of enjoyment,
Euphoria and high and motivates him to repeat the experience
strong reinforcement - opoids, cocaine
weak reinforcement - benzodiazepines
faster a drug acts -> more reinforcement
inhaled and iv injected drug -> intense high in the addict
Drug habituation
This term is used to denote less intensive involvement with the drug, so
that its withdrawal produces only mild discomfort
dependence is absent
consumption of tea, coffee, tabacco, social drinking
difference between habituating and addiction is only quantitative
it is difficult to delineate when desire turns into craving'
Substance use disorder
broad term used in DSM - 5 to cover drug dependence and drug abuse
it is applied to repeated and often excessive use of a chemical (alcohol,
medicinal and illict drugs, volatile inhalants) to achieve non threapeutic
altered mental state
covers all patterns of self indulgence with a diverse range of substance
Drug abuse
refers to the use of a drug by self medication in a manner and amount that
deviates from the approved medical and social patterns in a given culture
at a given time
the term conveys social and medical disapproval of the manner and
purpose of drug use
eg - in some communities social drinking in moderate amount is not an
abuse whereas in other communities even a single drink is a taboo
however, regular consumption is considered abuse in all communities
two major pattern of drug use -
a) CONTINUOUS USE - drug is taken regularly and subject attempts to
continously remain under the influence of drug eg- opoids and alcohol
b) OCCASIONAL USE - drug is taken off and on to obtain pleasure, recreation
or enhancement of sexual experience eg- cocaine, amphetamines,
psychedelics, binge drinking, cannabis

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