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4 views

doanh nghip

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14qhclass2
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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

UNIT 4: WRITING
PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOPING TOPIC SENTENCES


Think about the way to develop the following topic sentences:

1 There are several advantages of learning IELTS.

2 IELTS has become popular with high school students in Vietnam

3 The way students learn IELTS has changed in recent years

SUPPORTING IDEAS: MAIN POINTS


Supporting ideas modify the topic sentence/main idea in a paragraph.

Eg: There are several advantages of learning IELTS. First, students can use IELTS
certificate to get into university. (main point 1)

Practice 1: Writing main points


Read each topic sentence and the main point provided. Then add some more main points.

AIRPLANE TRAVEL DESTROY OUR ENVIRONMENT

IT WILL TAKE MORE TIME BY DELAY OR CANCEL

YOU MUST HAVE ENOUGH DOCUMENT TO TAKE AIR TRAVEL

READING SOME BOOK IN ENGLISH HELP PEOPLE IMPROVE THEIR GAMMA

PEOPLE,WHO READ ENGLISH EVERY DAY CAN HAVE THE CRITICAL SKILL

READING E BRING FOR US THE ABILITY TO HANDLE YOUR HOMEWORK

3. Learning IELTS is important to high school students

a. _________________________________________________________________
STUDENT IS GOING TO PASS THEIR UNIVERSITY IF THEY HAVE DIPLOMA OF IELTS

LEARNING IELTS CAN HELP STUDENT CREATE VALUE BY THEMSELVES


b. _________________________________________________________________

c. _________________________________________________________________
HIGH STUDENT CAN USE DIPLOMA OF IELTS TO GET PAST-TIME JOB FROM SEVERAL COMPANIES

d. _________________________________________________________________

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

SUPPORTING DETAILS
- Supporting details modify supporting ideas
- Supporting details can be statistics, examples, quotations, explanations…

Detail technique: Statistics/Facts

Based on the Recommended Daily Allowances set by the National Food and Nutrition Board, the
basic fast-food meal in America provides adequate protein. The meals from McDonald's, Burger Chef,
and Wendy's - hamburgers, French fries, and milkshakes provide more than two-thirds of the 56
grams of protein recommended per day for an adult male: 38 to 45 grams. However, half of a ten-inch
pizza from Pizza Hut was the protein champion. When ordered with cheese, sausage, mushrooms,
pepperoni, onions, and green peppers, it provides 72 grams of protein and contains less fat than any
of the other meals. The least amount of protein is in a fish sandwich, fries, and cola meal from Arthur
Treacher’s Fish and Chios, but its 22 grams are still adequate.

Detail technique: Examples

Detail technique: Explanation

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Detail technique: Quotations

Direct quotations

Indirect Quotations

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Practice 2: Identifying Supporting ideas and Details

Read the paragraph. Identify the Main points and Examples. Put them in the boxes.

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Practice 3: Identifying Techniques of Support


Read the essay below. Identify the technique of support in each developmental paragraph.
An Alternative to University Education
A high school diploma is not the end of many people's education these days. High school
students who want to continue their education generally choose one of two routes after graduation.
Some students opt to attend a community college and then transfer to a university, while others go
directly to a university. Making this difficult choice requires a great deal of careful thought. However,
if the choice is based on three specific factors, namely, cost, location, and quality of education,
students will quickly see the advantages that attending a community college offers.
Attending a community college is much cheaper than attending a university. For example,
tuition at a local community college might cost $3,000 per year, especially for residents of the
area. The same classes taken at a nearby university could cost over $25,000. In addition, a
university would charge more for parking, photocopying at the library, cafeteria food, and campus
health clinic services. No matter how the total bill is calculated or what is included, it is more
expensive to study at a university.
Technique of support: __________________________________________________
Studying at a community college can be more convenient because of its location. Going to
a university often requires recent high school graduates to live far from home, and many of them
are reluctant to do so. These students are only seventeen or eighteen years old and may have
very little experience with being away from home. It is often difficult for these young people to
suddenly find themselves far away from their families. In addition, very few parents are prepared
to send their teenagers to distant universities. Because almost every area has a community
college, students who opt to go to a community college first can continue to be near their families
for two more years.
Technique of support: __________________________________________________
Finally, there are educational benefits to attending a community college. University life is
very different from community college life. A university campus offers a large variety of sports
events and social activities, and students can easily become distracted from their studies.
Community colleges, which typically have fewer students and extracurricular activities, maybe a
better environment for serious study. In addition, the library facilities at a community college,
though not as large as those at a university, are more than sufficient for the kind of work that is
required in first- or second-year courses. Class size is also an issue to consider. Introductory
courses at universities often have 50, 60, or even 100 students. In such large classes, student-
teacher interaction is minimal, and learning can be more difficult for some students. Finally,
teaching at community colleges is often better than teaching at a university. Professors at
community colleges often have the same credentials as those at universities, but community
college professors spend most of their time teaching instead of conducting research, as university
professors have to do.
Technique of support: __________________________________________________
The decision to enter a university directly or to attend a community college for the first two
years after high school can be difficult. Community colleges are not as glamorous as large
universities. They are often perceived as second-rate alternatives to the more well-known
universities. However, based on the three important factors outlined above - cost, location, and
quality of education - it is clear that for many students, choosing a community college is the
smarter thing to do.

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Practice 4: Paragraph Development


Develop the following topic setences into a good paragraph
Paragraph 1
The way students learn English in Vietnam has changed in the last few years.

Paragraph 2
Hanoi is famous for its beautiful scenery and ancient architecture.

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Practice 5: Brainstorm ideas on one or both of the questions in


topics A-D. Divide your ideas into main points and supporting
ones/details. Then use your notes to write some paragraphs.

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

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A Writing Course_Paragraph Writing_14QH_AY24-25 April 9, 2025

Languag Focus: Linkers in a paragraph


1. To introduce an additional idea
- In addition
- Furthermore/moreover/besides/also/too
- Another + N/an additional + N
2. To introduce an opposite idea or contrast
- On the other hand/By contrast/In contrast
- However/nevertheless/instead/still/nonetheless
- But/yet
- Although/though/even though/whereas/while
- In spite of + N/Despite + N
3. To introduce a choice or alternative
- Otherwise
- Or
- If/Unless
4. To introduce a restatement or explanation
- In fact/indeed
- That is/In other words
- To be more precise/To be more specific
5. To list in order
- First/second/third/next/last/finally
- The first/second/next/last…+N
6. To introduce an example
- For example/For instance
- An example of + N+ is that…
- Take + N+ as an example/Such as…
7. To introduce a result
- Accordingly/As a result/as a consequence
- Therefore/consequently/hence/thus/So
8. To introduce a conclusion or summary
- Clearly/in brief/in conclusion/in short/in summary/to conclude..
- All things considered
9. Using adverb of emphasis
- Naturally/ Understandably/ Importantly/ Apparently/ Surprisingly/Amazingly/Ultimately

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