a) Define a scientific model and give one example. (2 marks) b) Describe one strength and one limitation of using analogies in science. (2 marks)
2. Planning Scientific Enquiry
a) A student thinks plants grow faster in red light. Write a testable hypothesis. (1 mark) b) Describe a possible risk and a way to reduce it in this investigation. (1 mark)
3. Carrying Out Enquiry
a) Give two reasons why repeating measurements in an experiment is important. (2 marks) b) What equipment would you use to measure: i) Temperature ii) Volume of a liquid (2 marks)
4. Analysing and Evaluating
a) What should a scientist do if they find one result that is very different from the others? (1 mark) b) Explain how graphs can help identify patterns in results. (1 mark)
Section B: Biology (14 marks)
5. Structure and Function
a) Describe how water moves from roots to leaves in flowering plants. (3 marks) b) Name the part of the kidney that filters blood and the waste product it removes. (2 marks)
6. Life Processes and Reproduction
a) What is the role of DNA in an organism’s characteristics? (2 marks) b) State the sex chromosomes of a human male. (1 mark) c) Give two ways a mother’s health can affect fetal development. (2 marks)
7. Photosynthesis and Minerals
a) Write the word equation for photosynthesis. (2 marks) b) Name one mineral plants need and what it is used for. (2 marks)
Section C: Chemistry (12 marks)
8. Materials and Structure
a) What is a covalent bond? (1 mark) b) Describe the difference between an ion and a molecule. (2 marks) c) What holds positive and negative ions together in an ionic compound? (1 mark)
9. Properties and Changes
a) Explain how temperature affects the rate of a chemical reaction. (2 marks) b) Name two methods used to make and purify salts in the lab. (2 marks) c) Why does mass remain constant in a chemical reaction? (1 mark) d) Define density and give its formula. (3 marks) Section D: Physics (12 marks)
10. Forces and Energy
a) Use the idea of density to explain why some objects float. (2 marks) b) Describe the difference between heat and temperature. (2 marks)
11. Electricity and Magnetism
a) Draw a simple parallel circuit using standard symbols with two lamps and a switch. (2 marks) b) What happens to the brightness of the lamps when more are added in parallel? (1 mark)
12. Light and Sound
a) Draw a wave and label: amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. (3 marks) b) What happens when two sound waves cancel each other out? (1 mark)
13. Earth and Space
a) Explain how convection currents cause tectonic plates to move. (1 mark)