EDREYAN LIMBAGA STEM 12 VELASCO Capacitor – hold the power, stored electric

charge, the more voltage more charge are

Energy Potential Energy – it is the energy that is
stored, and the standard unit is F.
needed to move an electric charge against an
electric field. Capacitance – the higher capacitance the more
charge are stored in a given voltage
Electric Potential – it is the amount of work
needed to move an electric charge from its Resistor – is a passive two terminal electrical
reference point to specific point on an electric component that implement electrical resistance
field. as a circuit element. In electronic circuit resistor
are used to reduce current flow. The main
Electric Flux – is the measure of the flow of
function of resistors in a circuit is to control the
electric field through a surface.
flow of current to another component.
- Is proportional to the number of electric
Ohm’s Law – is a formula used to calculate the
field lines penetrating some surface.
relationship between voltage current and
∅ is the product of magnitude of the electric resistance in an electrical circuit.
drop s and the surface area perpendicular to the
German physicist Georg Ohm (1789 – 1854)
field.
formulated the Ohm’s Law
Electric Flux Formula – is obtained by
- Electric Field: Region around electrically
multiplying electric fields and the component of
charged particles where a force is exerted on
the area perpendicular to the field. It should be
other charged particles.
noted that electric flux is defined as a number
of electric field lines which is passing through a - Reference Point: A fixed location used to
given area in a unit time. Electric field has a measure or describe positions or changes in a
standard unit of voltm or equivalently newton system.
meter squared per coulomb.
- Electric Charge: Fundamental property of
Gauss’s Law – the total of electric flux out of a matter responsible for electric interactions; can
closed surface is equals the charge includes be positive or negative.
divided by a permitivity.
- Coulomb: Unit of electric charge, representing
Permittivity – is the ability of the substance to the charge of approximately 6.242 × 10^18
store electrical energy in an electric field. electrons.

Law’s of Charges – like charges repel, opposite - Conductors: Materials allowing the flow of
charges attract electric charge due to the mobility of electrons.

Coulomb’s Law – the magnitude of the electric - Insulators: Materials that impede the flow of
force between two point charges is directly electric charge due to their high resistance.
proportional to the product of the charges and
- Electromagnetic Field: Field resulting from the
inversely proportional to the square of the
combination of electric and magnetic fields,
distance between them.
carrying energy and momentum.
Electric Field – force per unit charge ( E=F/Q )
- Electrostatic Force: Force exerted between
stationary electric charges.
- Magnetic Field: Region around a magnetic 5. What is the amount and direction of
material or a moving electric charge where attraction or repulsion between two charged
magnetic forces are experienced. bodies?

- Capacitance: Measure of a capacitor’s ability A. Electromagnetic Field

to store electric charge per unit voltage. B. Electrostatic Force
- Voltage: Electrical potential difference 6. Which among the factors in the coulomb’s
between two points in a circuit, driving the flow law is constant?
of electric current.
A. d
- Resistance: Property of a material hindering
B. k
the flow of electric current.
C. q
- Current: Flow of electric charge through a
conductor per unit time. D. Q

- Parallel Circuit: Electric circuit arrangement 7. What is the ration of the coulomb force to
where components are connected in parallel, the test charge?
offering multiple paths for current flow. A. Electric Field
- Series Circuit: Electric circuit arrangement B. Magnetic Field
where components are connected sequentially,
offering a single path for current flow. 8. What is the relationship between the density
of electric field lines to the strength of electric
field?
1. What happens when you rub glass rod with A. Directly proportional
silk?
B. Inversely proportional
A. Negatively charged object loss electrons
9. If a test charge is moved to a location three
B. Positively charged object gain electrons. times as far the original location how does the
electric field charge?
2. What happens when you rubber rod with fur?
A. 1/9
A. Negatively charged object loss electrons.
B. 9
B. Negatively charged object gain electrons.
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
3. Which materials hold their electrons very
tightly? 1. What is the definition of potential energy in
the context of electric charges?
A. Conductors
a) The energy needed to move an electric
B. Insulators charge against an electric field.
4. Which materials loosely hold electrons that b) The energy stored in a capacitor.
can move easily through them?
c) The energy released by an electric charge.
A. Conductors
d) The energy required to create an electric
B. Insulators field.
 b) To amplify electrical signals
c) To control the flow of current
2. What is electric flux? d) To generate magnetic fields
a) The measure of the flow of electric charge 7. What is the standard unit of electric field?
through a surface.
a) Volt
b) The measure of the flow of electric field
through a surface. b) Ampere

c) The measure of electric potential difference c) Tesla

between two points. d) Newton per coulomb
d) The measure of electric resistance in a 8. What is the measure of a capacitor’s ability to
circuit. store electric charge per unit voltage?
3. What is Gauss’s Law? a) Resistance
a) The law stating that like charges attract and b) Capacitance
opposite charges repel.
c) Conductance
b) The law stating that the total electric flux
out of a closed surface is equal to the charge d) Inductance
enclosed divided by a constant. 9. What is the formula for electric field?
c) The law describing the relationship between a) E = F × Q
voltage, current, and resistance.
b) E = Q/V
d) The law explaining the behavior of
capacitors in an electric circuit. c) E = V/I
4. Who formulated Ohm’s Law? d) E = R/I
a) Michael Faraday 10. Which material allows the flow of electric
charge due to the mobility of electrons?
b) Isaac Newton
a) Insulator
c) Georg Ohm
b) Conductor
d) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Semiconductor
5. What is the unit of electric charge?
d) Dielectric
a) Ohm
11. What is the relationship between voltage,
b) Farad current, and resistance in an electrical circuit, as
c) Ampere described by Ohm’s Law?

d) Coulomb a) V = IR

6. What is the main function of resistors in a b) I = VR

circuit? c) R = VI
a) To store electrical energy d) I = RV
12. What is the region around electrically 17. What is the unit of electric charge?
charged particles where a force is exerted on
other charged particles? a) Volt

a) Magnetic field b) Ampere

b) Electrostatic force c) Ohm

c) Electric field d) Coulomb

d) Electromagnetic field 18. Which law states that the total electric flux
out of a closed surface is equal to the charge
13. What property of a material hinders the enclosed divided by a constant?
flow of electric current?
a) Gauss’s Law
a) Conductivity
b) Coulomb’s Law
b) Capacitance
c) Ohm’s Law
c) Inductance
d) Faraday’s Law
d) Resistance
19. What is the measure of a capacitor’s ability
14. What is the measure of the flow of electric to store electric charge per unit voltage?
field through a surface?
a) Conductance
a) Electric charge
b) Resistance
b) Electric flux
c) Inductance
c) Electric potential
d) Capacitance
d) Electric resistance
20. Who formulated Ohm’s Law?
15. What is the ability of a substance to store
electrical energy in an electric field? a) Isaac Newton

a) Conductivity b) Georg Ohm

b) Permittivity c) James Clerk Maxwell

c) Resistance d) Michael Faraday

d) Capacitance
16. How does electric flux relate to the number
of electric field lines penetrating a surface?
a) It is inversely proportional.
b) It is directly proportional.
c) There is no relationship.
d) It depends on the surface area.
ANSWER KEY 18. a) Gauss’s Law
1. A. Negatively charged object loss electrons 19. d) Capacitance
2. B. Negatively charged object gain electrons 20. b) Georg Ohm
3. B. Insulators
4. A. Conductors
5. B. Electrostatic Force
6. B. k
7. A. Electric Field
8. A. Directly proportional
9. A. 1/9

1. a) The energy needed to move an electric

charge against an electric field.
2. b) The measure of the flow of electric field
through a surface.
3. b) The law stating that the total electric flux
out of a closed surface is equal to the charge
enclosed divided by a constant.
4. c) Georg Ohm
5. d) Coulomb
6. c) To control the flow of current
7. d) Newton per coulomb
8. b) Capacitance
9. b) E = Q/V
10. b) Conductor
11. a) V = IR
12. c) Electric field
13. d) Resistance
14. b) Electric flux
15. b) Permittivity
16. b) It is directly proportional.
17. d) Coulomb