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vertopal.com_R_practical

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various data types and operations in R, including numeric, character, logical, and complex types, as well as vectors, lists, data frames, and matrices. It covers exercises on logical expressions, conditional statements, subsetting, and using the dplyr package for data manipulation with examples from datasets like iris, diamonds, and penguins. Additionally, it includes basic plotting techniques using ggplot2 to visualize data through histograms, scatter plots, bar charts, and box plots.

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dsmoni022
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

vertopal.com_R_practical

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various data types and operations in R, including numeric, character, logical, and complex types, as well as vectors, lists, data frames, and matrices. It covers exercises on logical expressions, conditional statements, subsetting, and using the dplyr package for data manipulation with examples from datasets like iris, diamonds, and penguins. Additionally, it includes basic plotting techniques using ggplot2 to visualize data through histograms, scatter plots, bar charts, and box plots.

Uploaded by

dsmoni022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Exercise : 02

DATA TYPE - R OBJECT AND ATTRIBUTES DATATYPE VECTOR AND LIST

1. Basic Data Types in R


Numeric
num_var <- 10.5
print(num_var)
class(num_var)

Integer
int_var <- 10L
print(int_var)
class(int_var)

Character
char_var <- "Hello R"
print(char_var)

Logical
log_var <- TRUE
print(log_var)
class(log_var)

Complex
comp_var <- 3 + 2i
print(comp_var)
class(comp_var)

2. R Objects and Attributes


Create a vector with attributes
vec <- c(1, 2, 3, 4)
attr(vec, "description") <- "This is a numeric vector"
print(vec)
attributes(vec)

Create a matrix with attributes


mat <- matrix(1:9, nrow=3)
dimnames(mat) <- list(c("Row1", "Row2", "Row3"), c("Col1", "Col2",
"Col3"))
print(mat)
attributes(mat)
3. Vectors in R
Numeric vector
num_vec <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
print(num_vec)

Character vector
char_vec <- c("apple", "banana", "cherry")
print(char_vec)

Logical vector
log_vec <- c(TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE)
print(log_vec)

Operations on vectors
vec1 <- c(1, 2, 3)
vec2 <- c(4, 5, 6)

sum_vec <- vec1 + vec2 # Element-wise addition


print(sum_vec)

4. Lists in R
Creating a list with different data types
my_list <- list(name = "Dhayanidhi", age = 20, marks = c(85, 90, 95))
print(my_list)

Accessing elements in a list


print(my_list$name) # Access by name
print(my_list[[2]]) # Access by index

Modifying a list
my_list$age <- 21
print(my_list)

Exercise : 03
Data Types – Data Frame, Matrices, Factors, and Functions
Data Frames
df <- data.frame(Name = c("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"), Age = c(25, 30,
35), Score = c(90, 85, 88))
print(df)

Matrices
a <- matrix(1:12, nrow = 3, ncol = 4)
b <- matrix(11:22, nrow = 3, ncol = 4)
print(a+b)
print(a-b)
print(a*b)
print(a/b)

Factors
gender <- factor(c("Male", "Female", "Male", "Female"))
print(gender)
levels(gender)

Functions
square <- function(x) {
return(x^2)
}
print(square(5))

my_function <- function(x, y) {


return(x + y)
}
print(my_function(3, 5))

Exercise : 04
EXPRESSION AND LOGICAL STATEMENT IN R
Logical Expressions
a <- 10
b <- 20
print(a > b)
print(a == b)
print(a != b)
print(a < b)

Conditional Statements
x <- 5
if (x > 0) {
print("Positive number")
} else {
print("Non-positive number")
}

Looping with Logical Conditions


for (i in 1:5) {
if (i %% 2 == 0) {
print(paste(i, "is even"))
} else {
print(paste(i, "is odd"))
}
}
Exercise : 05
SUBSETTING OF LIST , MATRIX AND DATA FRAME
Subsetting Lists
new_list <- list(animal = "Tiger", count = 5, colors = c("Orange",
"Black"))
print(new_list$animal) # By name
print(new_list[[2]]) # By index
print(new_list[1:2]) # Subsetting multiple elements

Subsetting Matrices
new_mat <- matrix(1:12, nrow=3, byrow=TRUE)
print(new_mat[1,]) # First row
print(new_mat[,2]) # Second column
print(new_mat[2,3]) # Specific element

Subsetting Data Frames


new_df <- data.frame(City = c("Chennai", "Mumbai"), Population =
c(8000000, 20000000), Area = c(426, 603))
print(new_df$City) # Selecting a column
print(new_df[1,]) # Selecting a row
print(new_df[1:2, 2]) # Selecting specific rows and column

Exercise : 06
DATA FRAME FUNCTION ON INBUILT DATASET
Working with Inbuilt Dataset
data(iris) # Loading iris dataset
print(head(iris)) # Display first six rows

Summary Statistics
print(summary(iris)) # Summary statistics of the dataset

Selecting Specific Columns


print(iris$Species) # Selecting a specific column
print(iris[, c("Sepal.Length", "Sepal.Width")]) # Selecting multiple
columns

Filtering Data
filtered_data <- subset(iris, Species == "setosa")
print(head(filtered_data))

Aggregating Data
aggr_data <- aggregate(Sepal.Length ~ Species, data = iris, FUN =
mean)
print(aggr_data)
Adding a New Column
iris$Sepal.Area <- iris$Sepal.Length * iris$Sepal.Width
print(head(iris))

Removing a Column
iris <- subset(iris, select = -Sepal.Area)
print(head(iris))

Exercise : 07
DPLYR FUNCTION ON RETAIL DATASET
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)

Using the diamonds Dataset from ggplot2


data("diamonds")
diamonds_sample <- diamonds %>% select(cut, color, clarity, price,
carat)
print(head(diamonds_sample))

Selecting Specific Columns


selected_data <- select(diamonds_sample, cut, price)
print(head(selected_data))

Filtering Data
filtered_data <- filter(diamonds_sample, price > 5000)
print(head(filtered_data))

Arranging Data
sorted_data <- arrange(diamonds_sample, desc(price))
print(head(sorted_data))

Mutating Data (Adding a New Column)


diamonds_sample <- mutate(diamonds_sample, price_per_carat = price /
carat)
print(head(diamonds_sample))

Summarizing Data
sales_summary <- diamonds_sample %>% summarise(Average_Price =
mean(price))
print(sales_summary)

Grouping and Summarizing Data


grouped_summary <- diamonds_sample %>% group_by(cut) %>%
summarise(Total_Price = sum(price))
print(grouped_summary)
Exercise : 08
DPLYR FUNCTION ON BANKING DATASET
Loading Required Library
library(dplyr)

Creating a Sample Banking Dataset


banking_data <- data.frame(
Customer_ID = 1:6,
Account_Type = c("Savings", "Checking", "Savings", "Loan",
"Checking", "Loan"),
Balance = c(5000, 2000, 7000, -1000, 1500, -500),
Transactions = c(10, 25, 12, 5, 20, 8)
)
print(head(banking_data))

Selecting Specific Columns


selected_data <- select(banking_data, Customer_ID, Balance)
print(head(selected_data))

Filtering Data
filtered_data <- filter(banking_data, Balance > 1000)
print(head(filtered_data))

Arranging Data
sorted_data <- arrange(banking_data, desc(Balance))
print(head(sorted_data))

Mutating Data (Adding a New Column)


banking_data <- mutate(banking_data, Avg_Transaction = Balance /
Transactions)
print(head(banking_data))

Summarizing Data
sales_summary <- banking_data %>% summarise(Average_Balance =
mean(Balance))
print(sales_summary)

Grouping and Summarizing Data


grouped_summary <- banking_data %>% group_by(Account_Type) %>%
summarise(Total_Balance = sum(Balance))
print(grouped_summary)
Exercise : 09
BASIC PLOTTING WITH R
### Loading Required Library
library(ggplot2)

### Loading the mtcars Dataset


data("mtcars")
print(head(mtcars))

# 1. Histogram of MPG (Miles Per Gallon)


hist_plot <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = mpg)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 2, fill = "blue", color = "black") +
labs(title = "Histogram of MPG", x = "Miles Per Gallon (mpg)", y =
"Count")

# 2. Scatter Plot of Horsepower vs MPG


scatter_plot <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = hp, y = mpg)) +
geom_point(color = "red") +
labs(title = "Horsepower vs MPG", x = "Horsepower (hp)", y = "Miles
Per Gallon (mpg)")

# 3. Bar Chart of Cylinders Count


bar_chart <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = factor(cyl))) +
geom_bar(fill = "green") +
labs(title = "Cylinder Count Distribution", x = "Number of
Cylinders", y = "Count")

# 4. Box Plot of MPG by Number of Cylinders


box_plot <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = factor(cyl), y = mpg)) +
geom_boxplot(fill = "purple") +
labs(title = "MPG Distribution by Cylinders", x = "Number of
Cylinders", y = "Miles Per Gallon (mpg)")

# 5. Line Plot of Weight vs MPG (Trend)


line_plot <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = wt, y = mpg)) +
geom_line(color = "orange") +
labs(title = "Weight vs MPG Trend", x = "Weight (wt)", y = "Miles
Per Gallon (mpg)")

# Printing the Plots


print(hist_plot)
print(scatter_plot)
print(bar_chart)
print(box_plot)
print(line_plot)
Exercise : 10
GGPLOTS WITH R
### Loading Required Libraries
library(ggplot2)
library(palmerpenguins)

### Loading the Penguins Dataset


data("penguins")
print(head(penguins))

# 1. Histogram of Flipper Length


hist_plot <- ggplot(penguins, aes(x = flipper_length_mm)) +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 5, fill = "blue", color = "black") +
labs(title = "Histogram of Flipper Length", x = "Flipper Length
(mm)", y = "Count")

# 2. Scatter Plot of Bill Length vs Bill Depth


scatter_plot <- ggplot(penguins, aes(x = bill_length_mm, y =
bill_depth_mm, color = species)) +
geom_point() +
labs(title = "Bill Length vs Bill Depth", x = "Bill Length (mm)", y
= "Bill Depth (mm)")

# 3. Bar Chart of Species Count


bar_chart <- ggplot(penguins, aes(x = species, fill = species)) +
geom_bar() +
labs(title = "Species Count", x = "Penguin Species", y = "Count")

# 4. Box Plot of Body Mass by Species


box_plot <- ggplot(penguins, aes(x = species, y = body_mass_g, fill =
species)) +
geom_boxplot() +
labs(title = "Body Mass Distribution by Species", x = "Penguin
Species", y = "Body Mass (g)")

# 5. Line Plot of Average Flipper Length by Species


line_plot <- ggplot(penguins, aes(x = species, y = flipper_length_mm,
color = species, group = 1)) +
stat_summary(fun = mean, geom = "point", size = 4) + # Add points
for mean values
stat_summary(fun = mean, geom = "line", size = 1) + # Connect
points with a line
labs(title = "Average Flipper Length by Species", x = "Penguin
Species", y = "Flipper Length (mm)")

# Printing the Plots


print(hist_plot)
print(scatter_plot)
print(bar_chart)
print(box_plot)
print(line_plot)

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