GRAMMAR

1. Fill in the blank with correct forms, using the Past perfect or Past perfect continuous.

1. We started to worry about Jimmy because we _____________________

had been calling him all
afternoon. (call)
2. We _____________________
had been driving for two hours when we finally got to our hotel. (drive)
3. When I finally arrived at the airport, he told me that he _____________________
had arrived and had forbeen
half waitting
an hour. (arrive, wait)
4. Sam (work) ________________
had been working in that company for 15 years before she was made
redundant.
5. Linda felt ill because she (drink) ___________________
had droken six cups of coffee.
6. We (study) _________________
had been studing all morning, so we were tired.
7. How long (you / live) ___________________
had you been living in Paris when your son was born?
8. When we arrived at the airport my mother realised she (forget) _____________
had forgottenher
passport.
9. Suzy (break) __________________
had broken her ankle, so she couldn’t go skiing last year.
10. Jame (study) ____________________
had been studing English for 4 years when he took the exam.

2. Choose the correct answers to complete in the text.

Google is famous for providing fantastic working conditions for its employees, 1 _____. But
what qualities do you need to get a job at Googleplex in California, 2 ___? The answer may
surprise you. Laszlo Block, 3___, is in charge of finding new employees for Google, 4 ___. He is
not looking for people who describe themselves as ‘intelligent and experienced’, 5___. In
Block’s opinion, people who describe themselves as intelligent think they know the answers
already. This limits their curiosity and flexibility, 6___.

a which are two qualities that most other companies value highly
b where the company has its main headquarters
c which receives around 2.5 million CVs every year
d who enjoy free leisure facilities (gyms, swimming pools, video games, etc.) and free meals
e which makes them unsuitable for a company like Google
f whose job title is ‘senior vice-president for people operations’

3. Fill in the blanks, using correct relative pronouns.

Traveling to new destinations is an exhilarating experience (1)______
which broadens one's horizons.
The world is full of fascinating places, some of (2)_______
which are renowned for their rich history
and cultural heritage. For instance, Rome, (3)_____
whichis known as the Eternal City, boasts iconic
landmarks such as the Colosseum and St. Peter's Basilica. Exploring these architectural marvels,
which have withstood the test of time, gives a sense of awe and wonder. Additionally, meeting
people from different backgrounds and cultures is an enriching aspect of travel. The fellow
travelers (4) whom
______ we encounter along the way often become lifelong friends, sharing
memorable adventures and stories. The local guides, (5)______
who possess extensive knowledge of
the area, provide valuable insights into the customs and traditions of the region. Moreover,
immersing oneself in the local cuisine is a delight (6)______
which reveals the flavors and culinary
traditions of the destination. Trying dishes prepared by skilled chefs, (7) ______
whosepassion for food
is evident, offers a true gastronomic experience. Overall, traveling opens up a world of
possibilities and creates lifelong memories (8)_____
whichshape our perspective on life.

4. Rewrite the sentences, using relative clauses. Use commas where possible.
1. The paintings caught everyone's attention. They were displayed in John's gallery.
the paintings, which were displayed in John's gallery, caught everyone's
→________________________________________________________________________
2. The laptop arrived in perfect condition. I bought it online.
attention
→________________________________________________________________________
the laptop which I bought online arrived in perfect condition
3. The astronaut finally embarked on her mission to space. She had trained for years.
→_________________________________________________________________________
the astronaut whose
4. The city received a lot of international aid and support. It was devastated by the
earthquake.
→_________________________________________________________________________
the city which was devastated by earthquake received
5. The Smiths are throwing a party tonight. They are our neighbors.
→_________________________________________________________________________
6. The forest is a haven for wildlife conservation. Diverse species thrive there.
→________________________________________________________________________
7. This ancient ruin provides valuable insights into the past. It was discovered by a famous
archaeologist.
→_________________________________________________________________________
8. The disease poses a significant challenge for medical researchers. It currently has no cure.
→_________________________________________________________________________
9. The professor won the Nobel Prize for his groundbreaking research. He is an expert in
quantum physics.
→_________________________________________________________________________
10. The song brought tears to my eyes. My best friend sang it at my wedding.
→_________________________________________________________________________

5. Rewrite the sentences, using reduced relative clauses.

1. That dog, who was rescued from a neglectful situation, has now found a loving home and
is enjoying a happy and healthy life.
→ That dog ___________________________________________________.
 2. The city, which is known for its vibrant nightlife and cultural festivals, attracts tourists
from around the world.
→ The city ____________________________________________________.
3. The woman who won the lottery donated a significant portion of her winnings to charity.
→ The woman _________________________________________________.
4. The cake that was baked by my sister won first prize at the baking competition.
→ The cake ____________________________________________________.
5. This museum, which houses an extensive collection of historical artifacts and
masterpieces, provides visitors with a rich cultural experience.
→ This museum _________________________________________________.
6. The award that was given to the team recognized their outstanding achievements.
→ The award ____________________________________________________.
7. The artwork that was created by the famous artist will be displayed in a museum.
→ The art work __________________________________________________.
8. The book that was written by Jane has been translated into several languages.
→ The book ____________________________________________________.

6. Fill in the blanks, using comparatives.

1. Her old house is bigger than her new one.
is smaller than hers
-> Her new house…………………………………….........
2. No one in my class is taller than Peter.
-> Peter ……………………………………………………
is the tallest in my class
3. The black dress is more expensive than the white one.
-> The white dress ……………………………………………
is cheaper than the black dress
4. According to me, English is easier than Maths.
-> According to me, Maths is
………………………………….
more difficult than E
5. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary.
-> Mary ……………………………………………………….
is the most intelligent in my group
6. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
-> No mountain in the world is more higher than Everest
……………………………………………...
7. This is the first time I have ever met such a pretty girl.
-> She is ……………………………………………………..
8. He works more. He feels more tired.
-> The more …………………………………………………
tired he feels, the
9. This computer works better than that one.
works worse than this
-> That computer ……………………………………………..
10. We set off soon. We will arrive soon.
-> The sooner ……………………………………………………

7. Rearrange the words to make questions.

1. going / what / will / be / you / home / time / ?
__________________________________
what time will you be going home
2. he / party / the / inviting / who / be / will / to / ?
__________________________________
3. coming / when / of / be / out / will / hospital / she / ?
__________________________________
4. be / will / leaving / teacher / year / why / next / our / ?
__________________________________
5. seeing / you / tomorrow / be / will / Marco / ?
__________________________________
6. match / will / the / be / in / you / who / supporting / ?
__________________________________

8. Complete the sentences, using the future continuous.

1) They/be/play/tennis/time/tomorrow/their friends.
________________________________________________________________
2) He/be/study/abroad/time/he/graduate/next year.
_______________________________________________________________
3) The children/be/live/Hanoi/for/2 weeks/because of/visit/their grandparent’s house.
________________________________________________________________
4) He/be/do/homework/9 p.m./tomorrow evening//so/I/not/ask/him/go out.
________________________________________________________________
5) They/not/be/have/dinner/together/when/you/come/tomorrow.
________________________________________________________________