LIFE PROCESS

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. How is the wall of small intestine adapted for
performing the function of absorption of food?
2. Out of a goat and a tiger, which one will have a
longer small intestine? Justify your answer.
3. . State the role of pancreas in digestion of food.
4. . Name a common nutrient that is absorbed in the
small intestine and reabsorbed by the kidney
tubules.
5. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?
6. Name the respiratory pigment in human beings.
Where is this pigment found?
7. Where does aerobic respiration occur in a cell?
8. Name the energy currency in the living organisms.
When and where is it produced?
9. Veins are thin walled and have valves. Justify.
10. . Name the component of blood which
transport: (i) Food, carbon dioxide and
nitrogenous wastes. (ii) Oxygen
11. Name the process of loss of water in the form
of vapour from the aerial parts of the plants.
12. Name the tissues which (i) transport soluble
products of photosynthesis in plants, (ii) transport
water and minerals in a plant.
13. How is the amount of urine produced
regulated?
14. . Mention the respiratory unit of lungs and
excretory unit of kidneys.
15. . What is micturition?

Short Answer Type Questions-I

1. Patients whose gall bladder is removed are
recom mended to eat less oily food. Why?
2. . Bile juice does not have any digestive enzyme
but still plays a significant role in the process of
digestion. Justify the statement.
3. State the events occurring during the process of
photosynthesis. Is it essential that these steps
take place one after the other immediately?
4. There are various muscles present in the human
digestive system known as sphincters. Two
examples of those are given below:
5. . What are the final products of carbohydrates,
proteins and fats after their digestion?
6. In the experimental set up on ‘CO2 is released
during respiration’, if one forgets to keep the
 vial with KOH in the conical flask, how will the
result vary? Give details.
7. When a sportsman runs, he often gets muscle
cramps. Why?
8. Stomata of desert plants remain closed during
day time. How do they take up CO2 and perform
photosynthesis?
9. Explain how water and minerals are transported
in plants?
10. In birds and mammals, the left and right side
of the heart are separated. Give reasons.
11. The image below shows the cross section of a
blood vessel of a human arm

( a) What is the type of blood

vessel shown in the image? (b) 12. Which
direction will the blood flow in such a blood
vessel?
Name the substances other than water that are
reabsorbed during urine formation. What are
the two parameters that decide the amount of
water that is reabsorbed in the kidney?
13.What is excretion? How do unicellular
organisms remove their wastes?
14. . List two major steps involved in the
formation of urine and state in brief their
functions

Short Answer Type Questions-II

1. The leaves of a plant were covered with
aluminium foil, how would it affect the
physiology of the plant?
2. (a) State the role played by the following in
the process of digestion: (i) Enzyme trypsin (ii)
Enzyme lipase. (b) List two functions of finger
like projections present in the small intestine.
3. What is photosynthesis? Explain its
mechanism.
4. We often hear people complain about ‚acidity‘
in the stomach. (a) Overproduction of what
substance is most likely the reason for the
complaint? (b) Why is the production of this
substance necessary? (c) How does the
stomach prevent itself from the harmful
effects of overproduction of the substance?
5. The rate of breathing in aquatic organisms is
much faster than that seen in terrestrial
organisms. Give reason.
6. . Explain the processes of aerobic respiration
in mitochondria of a cell and anaerobic
respiration in yeast and muscle with the help
of word equations.
7. Define breathing. Explain the mechanism of
breathing in human beings.
8. Explain the activity with diagram to show that
carbon dioxide is essential for photosynthesis
9. How is lymph an important fluid involved in
transportation? If lymphatic vessels get
blocked, how would it affect the human body?
Elaborate.
10. Human beings exhibit‚ ‘double circulation‘
during which blood is passed through the
lungs and heart. (a) State the route of the first
and the second circulation through the
chambers of the heart and explain the
usefulness of such circulation in humans. (b)
Name the blood vessels that: (i) carry
oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
(ii) carry deoxygenated blood from the heart
to the lung
11. Define the term transpiration. Design an
experiment to demonstrate this process.
12. List two types of the transport system in
human beings and write the functions of any
one of these.
13. (a) What is translocation? Why is it
essential for plants? (b) Where do the
substances in plants reach as a result of
translocation?
14. How do leaves of plants help in
excretion?
15. Name one nitrogenous waste present in
urine. What is the basic filtration unit of
kidney called? How is the amount of urine
produced regulated?
16. . Mention the pathway of urine starting
from the organ of its formation. Name four
substances which are re-absorbed from the
initial filtrate in the tubular part of the
nephron.

Long Answer Type Questions

1. (a) A gas is released during photosynthesis.
Name the gas and also state the way by
which the gas is evolved. (b) What are
 stomata? What governs the opening and
closing of stomata?
2. (a) Draw a diagram of human alimentary
canal and label – gall bladder, pancreas,
liver and small intestine in it. (b) Give two
reasons to explain why absorption of
digested food occurs mainly in the small
intestine.
3. (i) Name the process and explain the type of
nutrition found in green plants. List the raw
materials required for this process. Give
chemical equation for the mentioned
process. (ii) Write three events that occur
during this process.
4. (a) Why is there a difference in the rate of
breathing between aquatic organisms and
terrestrial organisms? Explain. U (b) Draw a
diagram of human respiratory system and
label - pharynx, trachea, lungs, diaphragm
and alveolar sac on it.
5. (a) Write the reaction that occurs when
glucose breaks down anaerobically in yeast.
(b) Write the mechanism by which fish
breathe in water. (c) Name the balloon likes
structures present in lungs. List its two
 functions. (d) Name the respiratory pigment
and write its role in human beings.
6. (a) Write the correct sequence of steps
followed during journey of oxygen rich
blood from lungs to various organs of
human body. (b) What happens when the
system of blood vessels develop a leak?
7. (i) Identify any two parts from the diagram
given which carry oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood. (ii) Explain the process
of double circulation with the help of a flow
chart

8.
9. (a) Name the organs that form the
excretory system in human beings. (b)
Describe in brief how urine is produced in
human body.
10. (a) How do leaves of plants help in
excretion? Explain briefly. (b) Describe the
structure and function of a nephron.
11. (a) Define excretion. (b) Name the basic
filtration unit present in the kidney. (c)
Draw excretory system in human being and
label the following organs of excretory
system which perform following functions:
(i) form urine (ii) is a long tube which
collects urine from kidney (iii) store urine
until it is passed out.
12. (a) Draw a diagram of human excretory
system and label the following parts on it:
(i) Right Renal Artery (ii) Vena cava. (iii)
Urinary bladder (iv) Left kidney (b) List two
vital functions of kidney.

COMPETENCY AND CRITICAL THINKING

BASED QUESTION
Q. 1. In the given transverse section of the
leaf, identify the layer of cells where
maximum photosynthesis occurs. (A) I, II (B)
II, III (C) III, IV (D) I, IV
2. Observe the experimental setup shown
below. Name the chemical indicated as ‘X’
that can absorb the gas which is evolved as
a by product of respiration

3. The correct statements with references

to single celled organisms are: (i) Complex
substances are not broken down into
simpler substances. (ii) Simple diffusion is
sufficient to meet the requirements of
exchange of gases
(iii) Specialised tissues perform different
functions in the organism. (iv) Entire surface
of the organism is in contact with the
environment for taking in food.

4. Opening and closing of stomatal pore

depends on: (A) Atmospheric temperature.
(B) Oxygen concentration around stomata.
(C) Carbon dioxide concentration around
stomata. (D) Water content in the guard
cells.
5. Observe the diagram of Human digestive
system

Match the labelling referred in column - I

and correlate with the function in column -

II.
6. The diagram below shows a leaf that was
covered by a piece of black paper for a
period of 3 days. After 3 days the paper was
removed. On testing, it was found that the
area under the black paper tested negative
for starch and the rest tested positive for
starch.

What was the experiment trying to test? (A)

If plants make their own food. (B) If light is
required for plants to make food. (C) If
plants can respire in the absence of light.
(D) If plants can survive even in the absence
of light.
7. Respiratory structures of two different
animals, a fish and a human being are as
shown.

Observe (a) and (b) and select one

characteristic that holds true for both of
them. (A) Both are placed internally in the
body of animal. (B) Both have thin and
moist surface for gaseous exchange. (C)
Both are poorly supplied with blood vessels
to conserve energy. (D) In both, the blood
returns to the heart after being oxygenated.

8. Observe the activity given below. What

does it help to conclude, when the person
exhales into the test-tube?
(A) Percentage of carbon dioxide is more in
inhaled air. (B) Fermentation occurs in the
presence of oxygen. (C) Percentage of
carbon dioxide is more in the exhaled air.
(D) Fermentation occurs in the presence of
carbon dioxide.

9. Carefully study the diagram of the human

respiratory system with labels i, ii, iii and iv.
Select the option which gives correct
identification and main function and /or
characteristic.

(A) (i) Trachea: It is supported by bony

rings for conducting inspired air. (B) (ii)
Ribs: When we breathe out, ribs are
lifted. (C) (iii) Alveoli: Thin-walled sac
like structures for exchange of gases.
 (D) (iv) Diaphragm: It is pulled up when
we breathe in.
10. Consider the following statements in
connection with the functions of the blood
vessels marked A and B in the diagram of a
human heart as shown
(i) Blood vessel A – It carries carbon dioxide
rich blood to the lungs. (ii) Blood vessel B –
It carries oxygen rich blood from the lungs.
(iii) Blood vessel B – Left atrium relaxes as it
receives blood from the blood vessel. (iv)
Blood vessel A – Right atrium has thick
muscular wall as it has to pump blood to the
blood vessel. The correct statements are (A)
(i) and (ii) only (B) (ii) and (iii) only (C) (ii),
(iii) and (iv) (D) (i), (ii) and (iii)

11Identify the two components of phloem tissue

that help in transportation of food in plants. (A)
Phloem parenchyma & sieve tubes (B) Sieve tubes
& companion cells (C) Phloem parenchyma &
companion cells (D) Phloem fibres and sieve tubes
12. The figure given below shows a schematic
plan of blood circulation in humans with labels
(i) to (iv). Identify the correct label with its
functions?
(A) (i) Pulmonary vein - takes impure blood from
body part. (B) (ii) Pulmonary artery - takes blood
from lung to heart. (C) (iii) Aorta - takes blood
from heart to body parts. (D) (iv) Vena cava -
takes blood from body parts to right auricle.

13. Identify the phase of circulation which is

represented in the diagram of heart given
below. Arrows indicate contraction of the
chambers shown.
 (A) Blood transferred to the right ventricle
and left ventricle simultaneously. (B)
Blood is transferred to lungs for
oxygenation and is pumped into various
organs simultaneously. (C) Blood
transferred to the right auricle and left
auricle simultaneously. (D) Blood is
received from lungs after oxygenation
and is received from various organs of
the body.
14. Given below is a diagrammatic
representation of a process taking place in
the human body
In which of these regions/organs could it be
occurring? (i) Lungs (ii) Heart (iii) Brain (A)
only in (i) (B) only in (ii) (C) only in (i) and (ii)
A (D) in all - (i), (ii) and (iii)
15. Plants use completely different process
for excretion as compared to animals.
Which one of the following processes is
NOT followed by plants for excretion
(A) They can get rid of excess water by
transpiration. (B) They selectively filter toxic
substances through their leaves. (C) Waste
products are stored as resins and gums in
old xylem. (D) They excrete waste
substances into the soil around them.
16. In a person, the tubule part of the
nephron is not functioning at all. What will
its effect be on urine formation? (A) The
urine will not be formed. (B) Quality and
quantity of urine is unaffected. (C) Urine is
more concentrated. (D) Urine is more
diluted.
Assertion & Reason
 Directions: In the following questions, a
statement
of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement
of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the
correct
explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the
correct explanation of A.
(B) A is true but R is false
(D) A is false and R is true.
Q. 1. Assertion (A): Nitrogen is an essential element
for
plant growth and is taken up by plants in the form
of inorganic nitrates or nitrites.
Reason (R): The soil is the nearest and richest
source of raw materials like Nitrogen, Phosphorus
and other minerals for the plants.
Assertion (A): Hydrochloric acid helps in the
digestion of food in the stomach.
Reason (R): Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic
medium to activate protein digesting enzymes.
Q. 3. Assertion (A): Digestion breaks large complex
molecules to simple smaller molecules which can
be easily absorbed.
Reason (R): Digestion is necessary for the
absorption of all molecules.
Q. 4. Assertion (A): The rate of breathing in an aquatic
organisms is much faster than in terrestrial
organisms.
Reason (R): The amount of oxygen dissolved in
water is much lower than the amount of oxygen in
air.
Q. 5. Assertion (A): Amphibians can tolerate mixing of
oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
Reason (R): Amphibians are animals with two
chambered heart.
Q. 6. Assertion (A): Resins and gums are stored in old
xylem tissue in plants.
Reason (R): Resins and gums facilitate transport of
water molecules.
LEVEL-2: Case Based Questions
[A] Case based MCQs
I. Read the given passage and answer the following
questions:
The figure shown below represents an activity to
prove the requirements of photosynthesis. During
this activity, two healthy potted plants were kept in
the dark for 72 hours. After 72 hours, KOH is kept
in the watch glass in setup X and not in setup Y.
Both these setups are air tight and have been kept
in light for 6 hours. Then, Iodine Test is performed
with one leaf from each of the two plants X and Y
Q. 1. This experimental setup is used to prove
essentiality of which of the following requirements
of photosynthesis?
(A) Chlorophyll
(B) Oxygen
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Sunlight
Q. 2. The function of KOH is to absorb
(A) Oxygen
(B) Carbon dioxide
(C) Moisture
(D) Sunlight
Q. 3. Which of the following statements shows the
correct results of Iodine Test performed on the
leaf from plant X and Y respectively?
(A) Blue-black colour would be obtained on the
leaf of plant X and no change in colour on leaf
of plant Y.
(B) Blue-black colour would be obtained on the
leaf of plant Y and no change in colour on leaf
of plant X.
(C) Red colour would be obtained on the leaf of
plant X and brown colour on the leaf of plant Y.
(D) Red colour would be obtained on the leaf of
plant Y and brown colour on the leaf of plant X.
Q. 4. Which of the following steps can be followed for
making the apparatus air tight?
(i) placing the plants on glass plate
(ii) using a suction pump
(iii) applying vaseline to seal the bottom of jar
(iv) creating vaccum
A) (i) and (ii) (B) (ii) and (iii)
(D) (ii) and (iv(C) (i) and (iii)
II. Read the given passage and answer any four
questions from Q. 1 to Q. 5.
All living cells require energy for various activities.
This energy is available by the breakdown of simple
carbohydrates either using oxygen or without
using oxygen.
[Q. 1. Energy in the case of higher plants and animals is
obtained by
(A) Breathing
(B) Tissue respiration
(C) Organ respiration
(D) Digestion of food
Q. 2. The graph below represents the blood lactic acid
concentration of an athlete during a race of 400 m
and shows a peak at point D
Lactic acid production has occurred in the athlete
while running in the 400 m race. Which of the
following processes explains this event?
(A) Aerobic respiration
(B) Anaerobic respiration
(C) Fermentation
(D) Breathing

Q.3. Study the graph below that represents the

amount
of energy supplied with respect to the time while
an athlete is running at full speed

Choose the correct combination of plots and

justification provided in the following table
Q. 4. The characteristic processes observed in
anaerobic
respiration are
(i) presence of oxygen
(ii) release of carbon dioxide
(iii) release of energy
(iv) release of lactic acid
(A) (i), (ii) only (B) (i), (ii), (iii) only
(C) (ii), (iii), (iv) only (D) (iv) only
Q. 5. Study the table below and select the row that has
the incorrect information.

III. Read the given passage and answer the following

questions:
 The figure shown below represents a common
type of dialysis called as Haemodialysis. It removes
waste products from the blood, such as excess salts,
and urea which are insufficiently removed by the
kidney in patients with kidney failure. During the
procedure, the patient's blood is cleaned by
filtration through a series of semi-permeable
membranes before being returned to the blood
of the patients. On the basis of this, answer the
following questions:

Q. 1. The haemodialyser has semi-permeable lining of

tubes which help:
(A) To maintain osmotic pressure of blood.
(B) To filter nitrogenous wastes from the dialysing
solution.
(C) In passing the waste products in the dialysing
solution.
(D) To pump purified blood back into the body of the
patient.
Q. 2. Which one of the following is not a function of
artificial kidney?
(A) To remove nitrogeneous wastes from the
blood.
(B) To remove excess fluids from the blood.
(C) To reabsorb essential nutrients from the blood.
(D) To filter and purify the blood.
Q. 3. The 'used dialysing' solution is rich in:
(A) Urea and excess salts (B) Blood cells
(C) Lymph (D) Proteins
Q. 4. Which part of the nephron in human kidney,
serves
the function of reabsorption of certain substances?
(A) Glomerulus (B) Bowman's Capsule
(C) Tubules (D) Collecting duct
.
[B] Case Based Subjective
Questions
I. Read the passage and answer the following
questions.
The given diagram is of human digestive system.
The human’s digestive system is made up of the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver, pancreas and
gal lbladder. The GI tract is a series of hollow organs
that are connected to each other from your mouth
to your anus. The organs that make up your GI
tract, in the order that they are connected, include
your mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestine and anus. Study the diagram and
answer the questions given below:

Q. 1. Identify the labels B, C, D and E.

Q. 2. What are the final product after digestion of
carbohydrates and proteins?
Q. 3. Name the secretion that is released by label C.
How it helps in fat digestion.
Q. 4. Name the major process in region F, which is no
longer occurring normally in case of diarrhoea
II. Read the passage and answer the following
questions below:
The process of filtering blood outside the human
body to remove harmful wastes is called Dialysis.
Dialysis takes place in an enclosed chamber. The
given diagram shows how dialysis works.

Q. 1. Which of the following must be true for a dialysis

chamber? Circle ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ to indicate your
response
Q. 2. What type of blood vessel brings in the blood
with wastes?
Q. 3. Name the organ, which acts like a natural dialysis
chamber in the human body?
Q. 4. What will happen, if one kidney of a person is
removed?