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Blood relation_Basics

This document provides an overview of blood relations and their significance in logical reasoning, particularly for competitive exams. It explains the structure of family trees, types of relationships, and approaches to solving blood relation problems, along with examples and practice questions. The document categorizes blood relation questions into direct, indicative, and coding types, offering solutions to illustrate the concepts.

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Debasish Sahoo
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Blood relation_Basics

This document provides an overview of blood relations and their significance in logical reasoning, particularly for competitive exams. It explains the structure of family trees, types of relationships, and approaches to solving blood relation problems, along with examples and practice questions. The document categorizes blood relation questions into direct, indicative, and coding types, offering solutions to illustrate the concepts.

Uploaded by

Debasish Sahoo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

Blood relations are fundamental to logical reasoning, especially in competitive exams. These
questions test your ability to decipher familial relationships based on given information. To solve such
problems effectively, it is essential to understand the basics of family structures and relationships.
This note will break down the concepts of blood relations in a logical and easy-to-understand manner,
followed by examples and practice questions.
Fundamentals of Blood Relations:
1. Family Tree Structure:
Drawing a family tree is the most effective way to solve blood relation problems. This visual
representation helps in understanding the hierarchy and relationships clearly. Here’s how a
typical family tree is structured:
o Level 1: Grandfather, and Grandmother
o Level 2: Father, Mother, Father-in-law, Mother-in-law, Uncle, and Aunt
o Level 3: Brother, Sister, Husband, Wife, Brother-in-law, Sister-in-law, and Cousin
o Level 4: Son, Daughter, Son-in-law, Daughter-in-law, Niece, and Nephew
o Level 5: Grandson and Granddaughter
Below are the symbols/ notations used for the relationships.

2. Types of Relationships:
o Direct Relationships: These are straightforward relationships like father, mother, son,
daughter, brother, sister, etc.
o Indirect Relationships: These involve relationships that are described through a series
of connections, such as "mother's brother" (uncle) or "father's sister's son" (cousin).
3. Key Terms to Remember:
o Paternal: Relating to the father’s side (e.g., paternal uncle, paternal grandmother).
o Maternal: Relating to the mother’s side (e.g., maternal aunt, maternal grandfather).
o In-Laws: Relationships formed through marriage (e.g., brother-in-law, mother-in-law).
4. Approach to Solving Problems:
o Read the question carefully and identify the relationships mentioned.
o Draw a family tree based on the information provided.
o Use logical reasoning to connect the relationships step by step.
Types of Blood Relation Questions:
1. Type I: Direct Blood Relation
These questions provide a direct or indirect relationship between two individuals, and you are
required to determine the exact relationship.
2. Type II: Indicative Type
These questions involve scenarios like pointing to a photograph or introducing a person, and
you need to deduce the relationship based on the given context.
3. Coding Decoding
These questions involve a certain code (preferably a set of symbols) with relations, and you
need to align all the pointed relations to answer the said question.
Example with Solutions:
Direct Blood Relation: -
Example 1: A's father's only sister's son's father is B. How is A related to B?
(A) Brother (B) Son (C) Nephew (D) Cannot be determined
Solution:
A's father’s only sister = A’s paternal aunt.
A's paternal aunt's son = A's cousin.
A's cousin's father = B.
B is the father of A's cousin.

Here A’s gender is not clear.


A is either the nephew or niece of B
Thus, the answer is Cannot be determined.

Example 2: X’s mother’s father’s only son’s son is Y. How is X related to Y?


(A) Brother (B) Cousin (C) Uncle (D) Cannot be determined
Solution:
X’s mother’s father = X’s maternal grandfather.
X’s maternal grandfather’s only son = X’s maternal uncle.
X’s maternal uncle’s son = Y.

The son of X’s maternal uncle is X’s cousin.


Thus, X is Y’s cousin.
Example 3: A's father's sister is the wife of B's father. How is A related to B if both A and B are
male?
(A) Cousin (B) Brother (C) Uncle (D) Nephew
Solution:
A's father's sister = A's paternal aunt.
A's paternal aunt is the wife of B's father, meaning B's father is A's uncle.

When B’s father is A’s uncle, then A and B are cousins.


Thus, the correct answer is Cousin (A).

Indicative Type Questions


Example 4: Pointing to another person, Riki said, "He is the only son of my mother's father's only
daughter." How is the person related to Riki?
(A) Brother (B) Cousin (C) Uncle (D) Father
Solution:
Riki's mother's father = Riki's maternal grandfather.
Maternal grandfather's only daughter = Riki's mother.
Riki's mother's only son = Riki’s brother (as Riki is pointing to another person)
Hence, Riki is a female

Since Riki is referring to the only son of his mother, the man must be Riki's brother.
Thus, the correct answer is Brother (A).

Coding Type Question


Example 5: In a family, A + B means A is the father of B, A - B means A is the mother of B, and A * B
means A is the sister of B. If P * Q - R + S, how is P related to R?
a) Aunt b) Mother c) Sister d) Daughter
Answer:
P * Q means P is the sister of Q.
Q - R means Q is the mother of R.
R + S means R is the father of S.

Therefore, P is the aunt of R


Thus, the correct answer: A) Aunt

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