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Assignment CIT-223

The document discusses the differences between sliding windows and sender windows in flow control for data transmission. Sliding windows allow multiple frames to be sent before receiving an acknowledgment (ACK), improving channel efficiency, while sender windows adjust in size based on sent frames and received ACKs. The advantages and disadvantages of the stop-and-wait method are also highlighted, noting its simplicity but inefficiency due to the time taken for each frame and ACK to traverse the link.

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2 views

Assignment CIT-223

The document discusses the differences between sliding windows and sender windows in flow control for data transmission. Sliding windows allow multiple frames to be sent before receiving an acknowledgment (ACK), improving channel efficiency, while sender windows adjust in size based on sent frames and received ACKs. The advantages and disadvantages of the stop-and-wait method are also highlighted, noting its simplicity but inefficiency due to the time taken for each frame and ACK to traverse the link.

Uploaded by

itsyourb093
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter #2 18-11-2024

Name: Abdul – Manan


CIT-223 2nd Year
Assignment

Q: Difference between sliding windows and sender windows with


example and advantage and disadvantage?
Sliding Windows:
 The Sliding Window is a method of flow control in which a sender can transmit the several frames
before getting an ACK.
 In Sliding Window Control, multiple frames can be sent one after the other due to which capacity of the
communication channel can be utilize efficiently.
 A single ACK acknowledge multiple frames.
 Sliding Window refers to imaginary boxes at both the sender and receiver end.
 The window can hold the frames at either end, and it provides the upper limit on the number of frames
that can be transmitted before the ACK.
 Frames can be ACK even when the window is not completely filled.
 The window has a specific size in which they are numbered as modulo-n means they are numbered
from 0 to n-1. For example, if n = 8, the frames are numbered from 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,0,1………
 The size of the windows is represented as n-1. Therefore, maximum n-1 frames can be sent before ACK.

Sender Window:
 At the beginning of a transmission, the sender window contains n-1 frames, and when they are
sent out, the left boundary moves inward shirking the size of the window. For example, if the
size of the window is w if three frames are sent out, then the number of frames left out in the
sender window is w-3.
 Once the ACK has arrived, then the sender window expands to the number which will be equal
to the number of frames acknowledge by ACK.
 For Example, the size of the window is 7, and if frames 0 through 4 have been sent out and no
ACK has arrived, then the sender Window contains only two frames, i.e., 5 and 6 if ACK has
arrived with a number 4 which means that 0 through 3 frames have arrived undamaged and
sender window is expanded to include the next four frames. Therefore, the sender window
contains six frames (5,6,7,0,1,2).
Advantage of Stop-and-wait:
The Stop and wait method is simple as each is checked and ACK before the next frame is sent.
Disadvantage of Stop-and-wait:
Stop and wait technique is inefficient to use as each frame must travel across all the way to the
receiver, and an ACK travels all the way before the next frame is sent. Each frame sent and received
uses the entire time needed to traverse the link.

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