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Forouzan CHAPTER_03

Chapter 3 discusses data and signals, covering concepts such as baseband and broadband transmission, the frequency domain of signals, and transmission impairments. It also includes solutions to review questions and exercises related to data rates, bandwidth, and signal characteristics. Key principles like the Shannon capacity and Nyquist theorem are highlighted for understanding maximum bit rates in different channel conditions.

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8 views2 pages

Forouzan CHAPTER_03

Chapter 3 discusses data and signals, covering concepts such as baseband and broadband transmission, the frequency domain of signals, and transmission impairments. It also includes solutions to review questions and exercises related to data rates, bandwidth, and signal characteristics. Key principles like the Shannon capacity and Nyquist theorem are highlighted for understanding maximum bit rates in different channel conditions.

Uploaded by

sushantggupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 3

Data and Signals


Solutions to Selected Review Questions and Exercises

Review Questions
1. Baseband transmission means sending a digital or an analog signal without
modulation using a low-pass channel. Broadband transmission means modulating a
digital or an analog signal using a band-pass channel.
2. This is baseband transmission because no modulation is involved.
3. The frequency domain of a voice signal is normally continuous because voice is a
nonperiodic signal.
4. The Shannon capacity determines the theoretical maximum bit rate of a noisy
channel.
5. Using Fourier analysis. Fourier series gives the frequency domain of a periodic
signal; Fourier analysis gives the frequency domain of a nonperiodic signal.
6. Three types of transmission impairment are attenuation, distortion, and noise.
7. This is broadband transmission because it involves modulation.
8. A low-pass channel has a bandwidth starting from zero; a band-pass channel has a
bandwidth that does not start from zero.
9. Frequency and period are the inverse of each other. T = 1/ f and f = 1/T.
10. The amplitude of a signal measures the value of the signal at any point. The
frequency of a signal refers to the number of periods in one second. The phase
describes the position of the waveform relative to time zero.
11. Optical signals have very high frequencies. A high frequency means a short wave
length because the wave length is inversely proportional to the frequency (λ = v/f),
where v is the propagation speed in the media.
12. A signal is periodic if its frequency domain plot is discrete; a signal is nonperiodic if
its frequency domain plot is continuous.
13. This is baseband transmission because no modulation is involved.
14. The Nyquist theorem defines the maximum bit rate of a noiseless channel.
15. An alarm system is normally periodic. Its frequency domain plot is therefore discrete.

Exercises
23.
Using the first harmonic, data rate = 2 × 6 MHz = 12 Mbps
Using three harmonics, data rate = (2 × 6 MHz) /3 = 4 Mbps
Using five harmonics, data rate = (2 × 6 MHz) /5 = 2.4 Mbps
35. The bandwidth is 5 × 5 = 25 Hz.
36.
a. 90 degrees (π/2 radian)

1
b. 0 degrees (0 radian)
c. 90 degrees (π/2 radian)

47. 480 s × 300,000 km/s = 144,000,000 km

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