PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

ADAPTIVE TEACHING GUIDE

EARTH SCIENCE

MET #1: Earth’s Processess

Lesson #1: Weathering of Rocks

:
Prerequisite Content-knowledge
Geologic processes that occur on the surface of the Earth such as weathering, erosion, mass wasting and sedimentation.

1.
Prerequisite Skill
Describe how rocks undergo weathering. (SS11/12ES-IIa-22 / November 7-8, 2022)
:
Explain how the product of weathering are carried away by erosion and deposited elsewhere. (SS11/12ES-IIa-b-23 / November 9-10, 2022)
Explain how rocks and soil move downslope due to direct action of gravity. (SS11/12ES-IIb-22 / November 14-15, 2022)
••
•

Prerequisites Assessment:
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

The following statements must be answered prior to discussion and serves as the foundation upon which new knowledge is built and scaffolded.

What human activities results to breaking down of rocks?

1. What is weathering?
2.
Pre-lesson RemediationFor
Activity:
Students with Insufficient Level on Prerequisite Content-knowledge and/or Skill(s):
1. PowerPoint Presentation
•• Printed Learning Materials
• Peer Collaborative Discussion
Consultation during vacant
•
For Students with Fairly Sufficient Level on Prerequisite Content-knowledge and/or Skill(s):
2. Printed Learning Materials
• PowerPoint Presentation
•

Introduction:
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

This part must articulate the following:

You will orient your students the following:
1.  Time frame: Inform the students about the expected time to learn the lesson which is for 6 hours, 6 sessions – 1 hour 60 minutes engagement
 Means of communication: Making a class group chat and give the contact information such as Facebook Rowell jay R.Elgincolin

Present the knowledge (RUA) the student is expected to gain from learning the topic/lesson.
The students will be able to . . .
2.
• Describe how rocks undergo weathering. (SS11/12ES-IIa-22 / November 7-8, 2022)
• Explain how the product of weathering are carried away by erosion and deposited elsewhere. (SS11/12ES-IIa-b-23 / November 9-10, 2022)
• Explain how rocks and soil move downslope due to direct action of gravity. (SS11/12ES-IIb-22 / November 14-15, 2022)

Context where the student is going to apply his/learning (In what PAA/EFAA and personal use?
Students will be able to understand how weathering and eroison helps to create soil that is necessary for plants to grow that provides food and oxygen for organisms like
3.
humans and animals. They will also be able to connect this earth’s processes to the landforms they know and appreciate their natural beauty caused by natural processes that
leads to the formation of jobs for having tourist attraction generated for people living in that area.

Overview of the Lesson

In this topic, we will be able to explore the different landforms of the surface of the plante Earth and how things in this world are interconnected to each other like water, wind
4.
and organisms helps on breaking of rocks. This will highlights rocks and how they undergo weathering together with other related components.

(Note: Use the Flexible Learning Activity Identified for the topic/lesson relative to the General Enabling Teaching Strategy)
Student’s Experiential Learning:
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

by portions. Each portion ends with a formative question that the students should answer. If the student fails to answer the formative question satisfactorily, an
immediate
be made readily available for students to access.
Introduce the lesson
intervention should
(November 7-8, 2022)
Can water breakdown rocks?
Chunk 1: Weathering of Rocks
Formative question: doing a simple experiment called Rock vs Water that will help them understand the process of weathering by how water affects the breakdown of rocks to soil.
Students will be
given guide questions to answer based from the findings of
Students will
thebe
said activity. you have observe in the
rock samples?
1. What What do you think is the purpose of the water in the
2. activity? realized? Can water
3. What have you breakdown rocks?
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Materials needed:
• Small rocks samples
• Jar with cover
• Clean cloth
• Rubber band
• Water

Procedure:
1. Pour water in the jar. Make sure that it is only half - filled.
2. Put the small rock samples inside the jar then cover it tightly.
3. Shake the container for about 3 minutes. (CAUTION: Be careful in shaking the glass, make sure that the container is thick enough to break.)
4. Remove the cover of the glass jar. Replace it with the piece of cloth tied at the brim of the bottle with the use of the rubb
er band.
5. Turn the glass upside down to empty the water in the container.
6. When the water is gone, remove the piece of cloth in the jar and examine the rock sample inside.
7. Observe and answer the guide questions.

The activity demonstrate how rock undergoes weathering and to further understand its process let’s define first the term weathering. When the rocks and minerals break down into small pieces or
dissolve it is called weathering. And it does not happen on its own, there are agents of weathering that make it possible to happen: water, ice, acids, plants, animals and changes in t emperature. The more rocks
are exposed to these agents of weathering the more it become vulnerable to breaking.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Types of Weathering

1. Physical Weathering
- Also known as mechanical weathering takes place when rocks are broken into smaller pieces because of any natural forces. This process changes only the physical appearance of rocks, but does
not alter the any of its composition.

a) Abrasion
- Occurs when rock surface is frequently exposed to water, wind and gravity . As sand is sometimes carried by water and wind and act like sandpaper that polish the surface of the rocks
and sometimes make it rounded .

b) Freeze -thaw
- Occurs when water continually seeps into cracks, freezes and expands and eventually breaking the rocks apart.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

c) Exfoliation
- Happens when cracks develop parallel to the land surface as a consequence if the reduction in pressure during uplift and erosion. Usually occurs in upland areas where there are
exposures of uniform coarsely crystalline igneous rocks.

2. Chemical Weathering
- Changes the chemical or molecular structure of the rock.

a) Carbonation
- When carbon dioxide from the air or soil combines with water this can dissolve rock giving it yellow brown to red color . There will be formation of weak acid called carbonic acid. Rocks that
have calcite are mainly weathered by carbonation like limestones and marble. This type of chemical weathering is important in formation of caves.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

d) Oxidation
- also known as “rusting” of rocks that happens when rocks get to be exposed to oxygen, it creates iron oxide. Iron oxide produces a rusty- colored weathered surface to the rocks that is
commonly happens to iron -bearing minerals when exposed to oxygen.

Oxygen (O2) + Iron (Fe) = Iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) or commonly

known as rust.

e) Hydration
- is a type of chemical weathering where water reacts chemically with the rock, modifying its chemical structure. One example of mineral hydration is when H2O (water) is
added to CaSO4 (calcium sulfate) to create CaSO4+2H2O (calcium sulfate dihydra te). It changes from anhydrite to gypsum.

When minerals in rocks absorbs much water

and expand, creating stress which causes
the disintegration of rocks.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

3. Biological Weathering
- A type of weathering caused by weakening by different biological agents like plants and animals.

a) Biological Weathering by Physical Means

- Burrowing animals like shrews, moles and earthworms creates holes on the ground by excavation and move the rocks fragments to the surface. Humans also contribute by their activities
causing the rocks breaks.

b) Biological Weathering by Chemical Means

- Some plants and animals produce acidic substances that reacts with the rocks and caused slow disintegration of rocks.

Piddock Shells bore into the

rocks for protection either by
scrapping away grains or
through secreting acids to
dissolve rocks
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

2nd Quarter Worksheet No. 1

I. Direction: Write P if the given statement is a physical weathering, C if chemical weathering and B if it is biological weathering.
___________1. Balete tree grows at the wall of the building.
___________ 2. Construction workers use power tools to break the rocks.
___________ 3. Insects secrete acidic substances to the rocks.
___________ 4. Glaciers carve its pathways.
___________ 5. Rainwater combined with water produces carbonic acid that reacts with rocks.
___________ 6. Carbon Dioxide mix with water produces carbonic acid that reacts with rocks.
___________ 7. Water freezes in a large crack of rock.
___________ 8. Strong winds blow small particles of the rocks.
___________ 9. Rocks form bubbles after the heavy pour of acid rain.
___________ 10. Rocks fall down from the mountain and break.

II. Direction: Complete the sentences below.

1. ______________ is the process of breaking down of rocks
2. Water, ice, wind, gravity and ______________ are agents of weathering.
3. ______________ occurs when water continually seeps into cracks, freezes and expands eventually breaking the rocks apart.
4. ______________ is a type of weathering where it happens when rocks surfaces are frequently exposed with water, wind and gravity.
5- 6. Carbonation occurs when ___________ dissolves to rainwater producing __________________.
7-8. ________________ happen when SO2 and NO combined with rainwater producing ___________.
9. ________________ process of breaking down of rocks by acidic water producing clay and soluble salts.
10-11. ______________ is a type of chemical weathering where water reacts chemically with the rocks, modifying its _____________.
12. _______________ animals create holes on the ground and move rock fragments to the surface exposing them to environmental factors of weathering.
13-14. __________ and __________ produce acidic substances that slowly disintegrates rocks.
15. ____________ is also known as “rusting” of rocks that happens when rocks get to be exposed to oxygen, it creates iron oxide.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Chunk 2: Erosion of Sediments. (November 9 -10, 2022)

Formative question : What will happen to the rocks after they break into pieces (weathering)?

Students will be doing a simple experiment called Movement of fragments that will help them understand the process of erosion.Students will be given guide questions to answer based from
the findings of the said activity.
1. What you have observe in the rock samples?
2. Where do you think the fragments will go? Is it upward or downward?
3. What have you observed when you start blowing it using straw? How about when you pour some water on it?

Materials needed:
• Straw
• Rectangular Container
• Water
• Soil

Procedure:

1. Elevate one side of the rectangular container.

2. Create a slope out of the sand you prepared.
3. Observe what will happen when you start blowing the sand using the straw.
4. Observe what will happen when you start pouring the water into the setup.

The activity demonstrate how rock have been broken down into tiny pieces transports from different areas and this process is what we called erosion. Erosion is the geological process in which
earth materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water.

One of t he most natural creations resulted from erosion after years of

weathering and erosion is the canyon or a deep, narrow channel with steep
sides.
A river canyon is made when the pressure from a river cut deep into the river
bed and does not change it course. The sediments from the river bed were
carried downstream (erosion) which resulted to the creation of canyons. The
river lies at the bottom of the canyon is called enchanted river.
Grand Canyon National Park, in northern Arizona, encompasses 278 miles (447
km) of the Colorado River, is being eroded at a rate of 0.3 meters (1 foot) every
200 years.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Chunk 3: Deposition of Soil ( November 14-15, 2022)

Formative Question: Does gravity has something to do with Geologic processes?

Earthquake-induced rockslide,
Brgy. Conalum, Argao, Cebu,
October 2013 – M 7.2 Bohol
Earthquake

A landslide is the mass movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope due to gravity. It occurs when the driving force is greater than the resisting force. It is a natural process that occurs in
steep slopes. The movement may range from very slow to rapid. It can affect areas both near and far from the source.
Landslide materials may include:
• Soil
• Debris
• Rock
• Garbage

Gravity is responsible for erosion by flowing water and glaciers, because gravity pulls water and ice downhill. This type of erosion and deposition is called mass wasting. Mass Wasting is the
large movement of rock and soil down slope under the influence of gravity. In other words, the earth's outer crust is being wasted'
' away on a 'massive' scale and falling to lower elevations.
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Sedimentation is another exogenous process where there is accumulation of materials such as soil, rock fragments or soil particle settling on the ground due to the force of gravity.

Synthesis:

Synthesizing the concepts by completing the concept map and this will be used to asses if theyunderstand the topic.

Weathering

Erosion Disposition
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

RUA of a Student’s Learning

Students shall be able to accomplish the following task to meet the desired learning outcome.

1. Worksheet
2. Concept Map
3. Photo Essay
4. Hugot lines for Weathering
PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE

Post-lesson Remediation Activity:

Enrichment activity on Weathering of Rocks (Essay)
Situation: Students were tasked to checking their house for any weathering or eroding edges or surfaces. It must answer the question “Is the structure foundation of their house strong or weak?”. They also must
support their answer through a photo essay.
Success Criteria: This essay will be graded depending on the rubric.
Category 5 4 3 2
At least 5 accurate facts are At least 4 accurate facts are At least 3 accurate facts are
Content No accurate facts are displayed.
displayed on the essay. displayed on the essay. displayed on the essay.
Makes excellent use of words to Makes good use of words to Makes some use of words to
Claims are not clear making
Clarity and Organization enhance and makes the essay easier enhance and makes the essay enhance and makes the essay
the essay hard to follow.
to follow. easier to follow. easier to follow.
Student use his/ her own ideas
Student use his/ her own ideas and Student use some of his/ her Student didn’t use his/ her own
Creativity and Attractiveness and imagination most of the
imagination. own ideas and imagination. ideas and imagination.
time.
Student took time to answer with Student took short time to Student took shorter time to Student didn’t take time to
Effort
sincerity. answer with sincerity. answer with less sincerity. answer and with no sincerity.

Total Score: /20

PRIVATE EDUCATION ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE