Important Questions Class 9 Science Chapter 5 – The Fundamental Unit of Life

Long Answer Questions

Q1. Why is the cell called the structural and functional unit of life?
Q6. Perform the following experiment:
1. Take four potato halves, and hollow them out to make potato cups. The boiled potato should make
one of these potato cups.
2. Place each potato cup into a trough with water.
3. Pour the water into the trough.
(a) Keep cup A empty,
(b) Add one teaspoon of sugar to cup B.
(c) Add one teaspoon of salt to cup C.
(d) Add one teaspoon of sugar to a boiled cup D.
One must keep this set up for at least two hours. Next, examine the four potato cups. Then answer the
following questions:
(i) Describe why water collects in B and C hollowed portions.
(ii) Why is potato A required for this experiment?
(iii). Explain why water doesn’t collect in the hollowed-out portion of A or D.
Multiple Choice Questions
Q14. Which one of these can be made into a crystal ?
(a) A Bacterium
(b) An Amoeba
(c) A Virus
(d) Sperm Soln
Q15. If you allow a cell to swell, it will become more prominent.
(a) The cell’s water molecules are more concentrated than those in the surrounding medium.
(b) Water molecules are more concentrated in the surrounding medium than in the cell.
(c) The cell’s water molecules are the same as those in the surrounding medium.
(d) Water molecules concentration does not matter
Q16. The components of chromosomes are
(a) DNA
(b) protein
(c) DNA, protein
(d) RNA Solution
Q17. Which of these options is not a function Ribosomes
(i) It aids in the production of protein molecules
(ii) It aids in the production of enzymes
(iii) It aids in the production of hormones
(iv) It aids in the production of starch molecules
(a) (i), and (ii).
(b) (iii), and (iii).
(c) (iii), and (iv).
(d) (iv), and (i).
Q18. Which one of these is not connected to the endoplasmic-reticulum?
(a) It acts as a transport channel for proteins between the nucleus, cytoplasm and the cell membrane.
(b) It moves materials between different regions of the cytoplasm
(c) It could be used for energy generation
(d) It could be the location for biochemical activities in the cell
Q19. Choose the correct one from below. Plasmolysis in the plant cell is defined as the process of?
(a) Plasma membrane in hypotonic media is broken down (lysis).
(b) shrinkage in the cytoplasm within the hypertonic medium
(c) shrinkage in the nucleoplasm
(d) None of them
Q20. Here are some definitions of osmosis. Please read carefully to ensure you choose the correct
definition.
(a) Water molecules move from one region with higher concentrations to another through a semipermeable
membrane
(b) Movement of solvent molecular from higher to lower concentration
(c) Movement of solvent molecules through permeable membranes from higher to lower concentrations
(d) Movement of the solute molecules from lower to higher concentrations of solution through a
semipermeable membrane
Q21. Cells will expand if the concentration of water molecules within the cell is higher than the
concentration of water molecules.
(a) In the surrounding medium
(b) The concentration of water molecules in the surrounding medium is higher than the concentration in the
cell.
(c) The cell’s water molecules are the same as those in the surrounding medium.
(d) The concentration of water molecules is irrelevant
Q22. Which of these options is not a function of ribosomes?
1. It aids in the manufacture of protein molecules.
2. It is helpful in the manufacture of enzymes.
3. It aids in the manufacture of hormones
4. It aids in the manufacture of starch molecules.
(a) I and (II)
(b) II and III
(c) III and IV
(d) IV, I
Q23. Which one of these is not connected to the endoplasmic-reticulum?
(a) It acts as a transport channel for proteins between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
(b) It moves materials between different regions of the cytoplasm
(c) It could be used for energy generation
(d) It could be the location for biochemical activities in the cell
Q24. Which of these are covered by one membrane?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Vacuole
(c) Lysosome
(d) Plastid
Q25. Find the correct sentence.
(a) Lysosomes contain enzymes. They are processed through RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum).
(b) Both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipids and proteins
(c) Endoplasmic Reticulum is associated with the destruction of the plasma membrane
(d) Nucleoids can be found in the nucleoplasm of the eukaryotic nuclear nucleus
Q25. The proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell membrane, are manufactured by? Choose
one from the following:
(a) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(b) Golgi apparatus
(c) plasma membrane
(d) mitochondria
Q26. Choose the odd one out.
(a) Water’s movement across semipermeable membranes is affected by the concentration of substances
within it.
(b) Membranes are organic molecules such as proteins and lipids.
(c) Molecules that dissolve in organic solvents can pass easily through the membrane.
(d) The plasma membranes are rich in chitin sugar found in plants
Short Answer Questions
Q34. Each student was given five raisins of equal mass. The raisins were then soaked in distilled water
at room temperature. The raisins were soaked in distilled water at room temperature for 10 minutes,
overnight for B, and 60 minutes for C. They determined the amount of water that raisins absorb.
Answer the following question:
(a) Name the student whose raisins have the highest percentage of water absorption.
(b) Name the student who will absorb the least amount of water from the raisins.
Q35. In beaker A, a teacher soaked 10 grams of raisins in 35ml of distilled alcohol and the same
amount in a beaker B. The temperature in beaker A was 20°C, and that of beaker B was 40°C.
Compare the water absorption of raisins in beakers B and A after an hour.
Q36. The experiment ―To determine how much water raisins can absorb‖ shows that raisins absorb
water after being kept in water for between 5 and 6 hours. What is the reason for the water
absorption to occur? What is this phenomenon called?
Q37. A student made these observations as part of an experiment to determine how raisins absorb
water.
(i) Water is taken in a beaker – 50g
(iii) 20 g mass of dried raisins before soaking water
(iii) Mass of raisins after soaking in water – 30g
(iv) Remaining water in the beaker after the experiment – 40 g
Calculate the percent of the water that raisins absorb.
Miscellaneous Questions
Q38. To heat an iron-sulphur mixture for iron sulphide, you should:
(1) Heat the powder mixture at the base of the test tube with a blue flame.
(2) Heat the iron filings and sulphur mixture in the test tube middle with a yellow flame.
(3) Heat the powder mixture in the test tube at the top with an orange flame.
(4) Heat the iron-sulphur mixture in a test tube at 3/4 of its length using a red flame.
Q39. These precautions are required for the experiment to determine the melting point of ice. The
wrong precaution is:
(1) Keep the bulb of your thermometer surrounded by crushed ice.
(2) Ice should be stirred frequently to maintain a consistent temperature.
(3) Keep your eyes aligned with the mercury level to determine the final temperature.
(4) Only the tip of the bulb of the thermometer should touch the crushed ice.
Q40. This is the correct way to prepare a colloidal solution in water of egg albumin.
(1) To break the eggshell, only the white part should be taken, and then it must be added to water.
(2) To break the eggshell, only take the yellow portion. Then add it to boiling water and stir constantly.
(3) To boil the egg first, crack the eggshell and add the white part to ice water. Mix.
(4) To boil the egg first, crack the eggshell and add the yellow part to the water. Mix thoroughly.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following can be made into crystal?
(a) A Bacterium
(b) An Amoeba
(c) A Virus
(d) A Sperm
2. A cell will swell up if
(a) The concentration of water molecules in the cell is higher than the concentration of water
molecules in surrounding medium
(b) The concentration of water molecules in surrounding medium is higher than water molecules
concentration in the cell
(c) The concentration of water molecules is same in the cell and in the surrounding medium
(d) Concentration of water molecules does not matter
3. Chromosomes are made up of
(a) DNA
(b) protein
(c) DNA and protein
(d) RNA
4. Which of these options are not a function of Ribosomes?
(i) It helps in manufacture of protein molecules
(ii) It helps in manufacture of enzymes
(iii) It helps in manufacture of hormones
(iv) It helps in manufacture of starch molecules
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (iv) and (i)
5. Which of these is not related to endoplasmic reticulum?
(a) It behaves as a transport channel for proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm
(b) It transports materials between various regions in cytoplasm
(c) It can be the site of energy generation
(d) It can be the site for some biochemical activities of the cell
6. Following are a few definitions of osmosis. Read carefully and select the correct definition
(a) Movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration through a semipermeable membrane
(b) Movement of solvent molecules from its higher concentration to lower concentration
(c) Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration of solution
through a permeable membrane
(d) Movement of solute molecules from lower concentration to a higher concentration of solution
through a semipermeable membrane
7. Plasmolysis in a plant cell is defined as
(a) break down (lysis ) of plasma membrane in hypotonic medium
(b) shrinkage of cytoplasm in hypertonic medium
(c) shrinkage of nucleoplasm
(d) none of them
8. Which of the following are covered by a single membrane?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Vacuole
(c) Lysosome
(d) Plastid
9. Find out the false sentences
(a) Golgi apparatus is involved with the formation of lysosomes
(b) Nucleus, mitochondria and plastid have DNA; hence they are able to make their own structural
proteins
(c) Mitochondria is said to be the powerhouse of the cell as ATP is generated in them.
(d) Cytoplasm is called as protoplasm
10. Find out the correct sentence
(a) Enzymes packed in lysosomes are made through RER (rough endoplasmic reticulum)
(b) Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum produce lipid and protein
respectively
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum is related to the destruction of plasma membrane
(d) Nucleoid is present inside the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic nucleus
11. Which cell organelle plays a crucial role in detoxifying many poisons and drugs in a cell?
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Lysosomes
(c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Vacuoles
12. The proteins and lipids, essential for building the cell membrane, are manufactured by
(a) rough endoplasmic reticulum
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) plasma membrane
(d) mitochondria
13. The undefined nuclear region of prokaryotes are also known as
(a) nucleus
(b) nucleolus
(c) nucleic acid
(d) nucleoid
14. The cell organelle involved in forming complex sugars from simple sugars are
(a) endoplasmic reticulum
(b) ribosomes
(c) plastids
(d) golgi apparatus
15. Which out of the following is not a function of vacuole?
(a) Storage
(b) Providing turgidity and rigidity to the cell
(c) Waste excretion
(d) Locomotion
16. Amoeba acquires its food through a process, termed
(a) exocytosis
(b) endocytosis
(c) plasmolysis
(d) exocytosis and endocytosis both
17. Cell wall of which one of these is not made up of cellulose?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Hydrilla
(c) Mango tree
(d) Cactus
18. Silver nitrate solution is used to study
(a) endoplasmic reticulum
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) nucleus
(d) mitochondria
19. Organelle other than nucleus, containing DNA is
(a) endoplasmic reticulum
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) mitochondria
(d) lysosome
20. Kitchen of the cell is
(a) mitochondria
(b) endoplasmic reticulum
(c) chloroplast
(d) golgi apparatus
21. Lipid molecules in the cell are synthesized by
(a) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(b) rough endoplasmic reticulum
(c) golgi apparatus
(d) plastids
22. Cell arise from the pre-existing cells was stated by
(a) Haeckel
(b) Virchow
(c) Hooke
(d) Schleiden
23. Cell theory was given by
(a) Schleiden and Schwann
(b) Virchow
(c) Hooke
(d) Haeckel
24. The only cell organelle seen in a prokaryotic cell is
(a) mitochondria
(b) ribosomes
(c) plastids
(d) lysosomes
25 . Organelle without a cell membrane is
(a) ribosome
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) chloroplast
(d) nucleus
26. 1 µm is
(a) 10–6 m
(b) 10–9 m
(c) 10–10 m
(d) 10–3 m
27. Lysosome arises from
(a) endoplasmic reticulum
(b) golgi apparatus
(c) nucleus
(d) mitochondria
28. Living cells were discovered by
(a) Robert Hooke
(b) Purkinje
(c) Leeuwenhoek
(d) Robert Brown
29. Select the odd one out
(a) The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane is affected by the amount of
substances dissolved in it.
(b) Membranes are made of organic molecules like proteins and lipids
(c) Molecules soluble in organic solvents can easily pass through the membrane.
(d) Plasma membranes contain chitin sugar in plants
Short Answer Questions
30. Why are lysosomes known as ‗suicide-bags‘ of a cell?
31. Do you agree that ―A cell is a building unit of an organism‖? If yes, explain why?
Soln:
32. Why does the skin of your finger shrink when you wash clothes for a long time?
Soln:
33. Why is endocytosis found in animals only?
Soln:
34. A person takes concentrated solution of salt, after sometime, he starts vomiting. What is the
phenomenon responsible for such situation? Explain.
Soln:
35. Name any cell organelle which is non-membranous.
36. We eat food composed of all the nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals
and water. After digestion, these are absorbed in the form of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol
etc. What mechanisms are involved in the absorption of digested food and water?
37. If you are provided with some vegetables to cook, you generally add salt to the vegetables during
the cooking process. After adding salt, vegetables release water. What mechanism is responsible for
this?
38. If cells of onion peel and RBC are separately kept in hypotonic solution, what among the following
will take place? Explain the reason for your answer.
(a) Both the cells will swell.
(b) RBC will burst easily while cells of onion peel will resist the bursting to some extent.
(c) a and b both are correct.
(d) RBC and onion peel cells will behave similarly.
Soln:
39. Bacteria do not have chloroplast but some bacteria are photoautotrophic in nature and perform
photosynthesis. Which part of the bacterial cell performs this?
40. Match the following A and B
41. Write the name of different plant parts in which chromoplast, chloroplast and leucoplast are
present.
42. Name the organelles which show the analogy written as under
(a) Transporting channels of the cell——
(b) Power house of the cell——
(c) Packaging and dispatching unit of the cell——
(d) Digestive bag of the cell——
(e) Storage sacs of the cell——
(f) Kitchen of the cell——
(g) Control room of the cell——
43. How is a bacterial cell different from an onion peel cell?
Long Answer Questions
53. Draw a plant cell and label the parts which
(a) determines the function and development of the cell
(b) packages materials coming from the endoplasmic reticulum
(c) provides resistance to microbes to withstand hypotonic external media without bursting
(d) is site for many biochemical reactions necessary to sustain life.
(e) is a fluid contained inside the nucleus
54. Illustrate only a plant cell as seen under an electron microscope. How is it different from an
animal cell?
55. Draw a neat labelled diagram of an animal cell.
56. Draw a well-labelled diagram of a eukaryotic nucleus. How is it different from nucleoid?
57. Differentiate between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. How is endoplasmic reticulum
important for membrane biogenesis?
58. In brief state what happens when
(a) dry apricots are left for sometime in pure water and later transferred to sugar solution?
(b) a Red Blood Cell is kept in concentrated saline solution?
(c) the Plasma membrane of a cell breaks down?
(d) rheo leaves are boiled in water first and then a drop of sugar syrup is put on it?
(e) golgi apparatus is removed from the cell?