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Cell

Cells are the fundamental unit of life, responsible for all life processes and can be unicellular or multicellular. They contain cytoplasm, organelles, and a nucleus that holds genetic information. The study of cells is known as Cell Biology, with Robert Hooke being the first to discover cells in 1665.

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Yusra Solangi Muhammad Akram
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4 views

Cell

Cells are the fundamental unit of life, responsible for all life processes and can be unicellular or multicellular. They contain cytoplasm, organelles, and a nucleus that holds genetic information. The study of cells is known as Cell Biology, with Robert Hooke being the first to discover cells in 1665.

Uploaded by

Yusra Solangi Muhammad Akram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cell, Cell Organelles and characteristics of cells

 Cells are the basic, fundamental unit of life. So, if we were to break apart
an organism to the cellular level, the smallest independent component
that we would find would be the cell.
 Cell Definition
 A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible
for all of life’s processes.
 Cells are the structural, functional, and biological units of all living
beings.
 Each cell contains a fluid called the cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a
membrane. Also present in the cytoplasm are several biomolecules like
proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. Moreover, cellular structures called cell
organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm.

 Cell organelles are.

R
Golgi Nucleus Endoplasmi ibosomes
apparatu c reticulum
s Mitochondria

Cell membrane Lysosome Vacuole Vesicle


 A cell is the structural and fundamental unit of life.

 Cell Biology: The study of cells from its basic structure to the functions
of every cell organelle is called Cell Biology. Robert Hooke was the first
Biologist who discovered cells.

 All organisms are made up of cells. They may be made up of a


 Single cell (unicellular), or
 Many cells (multicellular).
 Cells are complex and their components perform various functions in an
organism. They are of different shapes and sizes, pretty much like bricks
of the buildings. Our body is made up of cells of different shapes and
sizes.

 Cells are the lowest level of organisation in every life form. From
organism to organism, the count of cells may vary. Humans have more
number of cells compared to that of bacteria.

Who discovered cells?


 Robert Hooke discovered the cell in 1665. Robert Hooke observed a
piece of bottle cork under a compound microscope. However, his
compound microscope had limited magnification, and hence, he could not
see any details in the structure.
 Later Anton Van Leeuwenhoek observed cells under another compound
microscope with higher magnification. This time, he had noted that the
cells exhibited some form of movement (motility).
 In 1883, Robert Brown, a Scottish botanist, provided the very first
insights into the cell structure. He was able to describe the nucleus
present in the cells of orchids.
Characteristics of Cells
 Cells provide structure and support to the body of an organism.
 The cell interior is organised into different individual organelles
surrounded by a separate membrane.
 The nucleus (major organelle) holds genetic information necessary for
reproduction and cell growth.
 Every cell has one nucleus and membrane-bound organelles in the
cytoplasm.

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