Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering 24 (2024) 1557–1569 1557

DOI 10.3233/JCM-247177
IOS Press

Application of computer information

management system in universities in the
information age

Li Yin and Yijun Chen∗

Informatization Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China

Received 29 October 2023

Accepted 5 January 2024

Abstract. The application of computer information management system (IMS for short here) in university management faces
problems such as incomplete system software and complex system design. Applying clustering algorithms (CA for short here) to
computer student IMS can help optimize the system’s overall effectiveness. This article constructed a computer student IMS
based on computer technology and applied it to the management of college students. This article also combined CA to conduct
relevant effectiveness tests on the system, in order to optimize the overall effectiveness of the system. Under the algorithm in
this article, the average connection speed for each user accessing the system was 9.17 Mbps. The average reaction time was
0.34 seconds, the average security level was 92.47%, and the highest memory usage rate of the system was 34.27%; Under the
decision tree algorithm, the average connection speed of each user accessing the system was 8.82 Mbps, and the average reaction
time reached 0.64 s. The average security level was 88.41%, and the highest memory usage rate was 42.58%. Under the artificial
neural network algorithm, the average connection speed of the system was 8.47 Mbps, the average response time was 0.86 s, and
the highest memory usage rate was 45.97%. Analyzing the data reveals that the algorithm introduced in this paper significantly
enhances system connection speed and reduces reaction time. This improvement not only enhances security measures but also
minimizes memory usage, effectively optimizing the overall efficiency of the system.

Keywords: Computer information management system, university management work, student information management, system
safety, clustering algorithm

1. Introduction

Many universities have also integrated this technology to build computer IMS, which are used in
university management work to improve the efficiency of management work. In the actual application
process of this system, there are also many problems, such as incomplete system software, vulnerabilities
in the system itself, and security risks in network software. The existence of these problems seriously
restricts the development of computer IMS. It is necessary to combine relevant technologies and methods
to effectively optimize the effectiveness of the system to improve its security and operational efficiency,
so that the system can better serve the management work of universities.

∗
Corresponding author: Yijun Chen, Informatization Center, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China. E-mail:
[email protected].

1472-7978/$35.00 c 2024 – IOS Press. All rights reserved.

1558 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

The information system is composed of computer hardware, computer software, information resources,
etc. It is mostly used to process various data information flow. The research on information systems is
also emerging in endlessly. Guha, Samayita explored the application of big data (BD) analysis in the
fields of information systems, operations management, and healthcare, and also discussed the future
potential and related challenges of BD applications in these areas. He proposed a framework for applying
BD in the fields of information systems, operations management, and healthcare [1]. Paustian, Keith
pointed out that two countries, Australia and Canada, are based on soil information systems and use soil
science and soil carbon quantification methods to support China’s climate change policies to promote
soil carbon sequestration in agricultural land. He also outlined a quantitative system and pointed out
that it can serve as a core component of the new global soil information system [2]. Al-Okaily, Aws
used DeLone and McLean information system success model to explore the effectiveness factors of
Accounting information system. He used a partial least squares structural equation model to collect
information data from 117 chief financial officers of Jordanian listed companies to test the research
model. The results indicate that information quality, service quality, and training quality have significant
positive contributions to organizational efficiency [3]. Karjalainen, Mari analyzed the reasons for em-
ployees’ participation in information system security behavior and pointed out that the dynamic nature of
information system security behavior has not been sufficiently considered in information system security
research. He proposed the use of inductive methods to explore the theoretical understanding of the
process of information system security behavior changes, which was inspired by dialectical thinking [4].
Brooks, Nita G. focused on assessing the skill requirements for information system security positions to
understand the expectations of security work. He emphasized issues related to course management and
analyzed 798 job advertisements, including exploring soft skills related to the field, as well as degree and
certification requirements. He also discussed the meaning of information systems courses and provided
some suggestions for future research [5]. However, these scholars’ research on information systems is not
comprehensive enough and further exploration is needed.
Information systems belong to human-machine integration systems that support the input, storage,
processing, output, and control of information. Other scholars have different views on the research of
information systems. Al-Qaysi, Noor searched and analyzed 2382 articles using information systems to
test education and information system theories/models, and selected 122 articles for further rigorous anal-
ysis. The research results indicate that the use and satisfaction theory and social constructivist theory are
considered the most widely used educational theories in social media. These results contribute to a better
understanding of social media research related to education and information system theory/models [6].
Zeiss, Roman proposed a new research direction for information systems to address the issue of neglecting
the sustainability potential of information systems in establishing circular material flows, which is how
information systems can help understand and develop circular material flows to enhance and expand the
use of products and components [7]. Astuty, Widia conducted a questionnaire survey on the employees of
Indonesian public enterprises in charge of managing Accounting information system, and analyzed the
data using partial least squares method. The research results emphasize the important role of enterprise
resource planning in managing the quality of accounting information system. Enterprise resource planning
is likely to improve the reliability, efficiency and flexibility of the quality of accounting information
system in Indonesian public enterprises [8]. Overall, there is not much research related to information
systems. In order to improve the research on IMS, it is necessary to study the application of computer
IMS in universities in the information age.
This article provides a specific analysis of the security issues in university computer IMS, and proposes
corresponding solutions to address these issues. By analyzing the current application status of this
 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities 1559

system in university management, it is found that there are certain shortcomings. This article proposes
an optimization method for the application path of this system in university management. This article
also integrates computer technology to construct a computer student IMS, designs multiple functional
modules, and provides a detailed description of the content of each module. It improves the overall
efficiency of university management by applying the system to university management.

2. Computer IMS and application in universities

2.1. University computer IMS

The operation of various activities in universities cannot be separated from the support of computer
IMS [9]. If there are security issues with computer IMS, the implementation of many educational activities
would be affected to a certain extent.

2.1.1. System security issues

The problems in the computer IMS of universities mainly include the following points:

(1) Network software poses security risks

When applying computer information network technology in universities, network intrusion can easily
bring certain risks to information security. Illegal elements use network intrusion to attack the school’s
network system and disrupt the normal operation of teaching and management work. There are various
risks in the computer network system, including computer virus infection. Virus infection can directly
cause computer paralysis, system malfunction, and damage or direct loss of information and data in the
system. The risk brought by computer virus infection, which is extremely destructive and has a wide
range of impact, and the loss to users is enormous.

(2) The system itself has vulnerabilities

The computer system itself has some vulnerabilities, which provide certain convenience for hackers to
attack. By leveraging computer vulnerabilities, hackers can invade computer systems and use programs
similar to trojans to paralyze them. The computer information system stores a large amount of data
information. If the data is lost, it would undoubtedly be a great damage for the school, and student
information would also be leaked, making it easy for criminals to use. The paralysis of the system can
also have adverse effects on the teaching of universities. Currently, many courses in universities require
the use of computers for teaching. If the system is damaged, data loss would have a serious impact on
teaching, and the course learning process would also be hindered.

(3) The constraints of the system itself

Usually, computer IMS have the function of installing security software, and the system itself also
comes with some security programs. From the current perspective of the computer system market, due to
the generally low security level of software, some universities may even choose systems with low security
effectiveness to reduce costs. Although these systems can meet the requirements of normal operation,
some software has low compatibility, which can easily cause serious security risks and have poor antivirus
capabilities. When entering information, for the sake of simplicity and convenience, relevant staff may
sometimes fail to comply with relevant information management regulations, which also poses significant
risks to system security.
1560 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

2.1.2. Measures to improve the security of computer IMS

(1) Ensure the scientificity of system design
To ensure the security of computer IMS, when designing the system, it is necessary to strengthen the
system’s security defense effectiveness and develop a comprehensive preparation plan for unexpected
needs [10]. During the process of data transmission on the network, it is easy to face some dangers, such
as malicious interception and tampering of data. In order to avoid the problem of data being intercepted
or tampered with, it is also necessary to improve the confidentiality technology of data transmission,
which can be protected by physical or logical segmentation methods.

(2) Strengthen scientific management of the system

Strengthening scientific management of the system can reduce the occurrence of security issues.
Employees can set user access permissions during the application process to improve system security. In
order to more effectively identify the user’s identity, methods such as fingerprint, facial recognition, and
voice recognition can be used to detect the user’s identity, in order to prevent illegal user intrusion.

(3) Install antivirus software in a timely manner

In the actual operation process, the system would face various security issues, mainly because the
system is susceptible to virus infection. In order to reduce the occurrence of system security issues, it
is also necessary to install some antivirus software in the system to reduce virus infection. By using
antivirus software, staff can discover viruses and vulnerabilities in the system in a timely manner, and
repair these viruses and vulnerabilities in a timely manner to reduce their losses.

2.2. Application of computer IMS in university management work

2.2.1. Application status of the system in university management work

(1) Incomplete system software
Nowadays, education and teaching in universities are constantly undergoing reform, and the current
computer IMS is difficult to effectively meet the needs of various educational reform work in universi-
ties [11]. The flexibility of the system is not strong, and the internal structure of the system is relatively
complex, with weak integration. These factors all constrain the overall development of computer IMS.
Due to the relatively long development cycle of the system, it also faces many problems during the
development process. Some developers mainly develop software based on existing development projects
and goals, and do not carry out targeted software development work according to actual educational needs.
This has led to the uncoordinated development of software projects with the needs of the current education
reform, and there are more and more function problem. For example, the existing software functions do
not support the implementation of teachers’ needs for flipped classrooms, process assessments, remote
evaluations, etc., which greatly weakens the educational and management value of the system. The
existing systems in universities are applied between different departments, and their compatibility is
not strong, making it difficult to effectively support different departments in completing corresponding
management tasks. This leads to the poor flow of data and information in departments, which would to
lead to the anomie of data and information. Due to the fact that many systems are developed based on
the internal network environment of schools, it has to some extent constrained the progress of university
management work and is not conducive to the realization of the goals of networked and intelligent
management in universities.

(2) The design of the system is relatively complex

Many IMS in universities are designed to be more complex, and the human-machine interface of
 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities 1561

the system has not been optimized, which can affect the user experience [12]. The direct interface can
be said to be a key link in the data interaction of IMS, which would have a crucial impact on user
experience and work quality, and transmit data information to university managers, enabling them to
use advanced information functions to perfect its quality. In the actual design process, developers and
functional designers have focused on the functional application of the system, lacking attention to the
human-machine interface. This would lead to a complex user operation process, low user convenience,
and correspondingly increased labor and time costs for teaching management work. When users use the
system, they may also develop a certain level of resistance, which may have a negative impact on the later
management work.

2.2.2. Role of system application in university management work

(1) Improve computer management information system
In order for computer IMS to provide more convenient and efficient services for university management
work, developers must change the traditional system development mode and optimize and adjust the
existing system software according to practical needs to meet the needs of university teaching reform.
During the development process, university managers should also actively participate in the software sys-
tem development process and have sufficient communication and discussion with developers. Developers
can also have a clear understanding of the current situation, goals, and needs of university management
work. Only in this way can developers develop and design software more targeted to ensure the rationality
of the management system’s functional design. In terms of compatibility, universities should provide
software developers with specific information about each department, so that software developers can
design corresponding management modules based on the management nature and characteristics of
different departments. Resource integration and sharing of multiple management modules can be achieved
according to the management needs of the administrative department.

(2) Enhance the customization function of the system

Universities also need to strengthen the research on the application skills of custom technology, design
the system interface according to the workflow of teaching management, in order to improve the scalability
of the system. In this process, universities also need to develop a scientific approval process based on
the relevant situation of the system platform, which can provide convenience for education managers to
carry out related work and provide strong support for reducing the maintenance costs of the system in
the later stage. In terms of platform expansion, university teaching management personnel also need to
design future applicable software and system functions on account of the current development direction
of technology and the actual needs of teaching management.

(3) Reasonably plan the human-machine interface of the system

In university computer IMS, the human-machine interface has a great influence on the user experience
and application level [13]. Therefore, universities need to strengthen the optimization of the human-
machine interface of the system when building it. Optimizing the human-machine interface can better
meet the different needs of managers and users for system applications, and enhance their user expe-
rience. Universities should also strengthen the division and management of system functions, dividing
management work according to different teaching management content and user needs. The interface
layout should be as simple and elegant as possible, and different levels of interfaces can be set, such as
first level, second level, and third level pages, to meet the needs of different users.
1562 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

Fig. 1. Design of the structural framework of the computer student IMS in universities.

2.3. Design of college computer student IMS

2.3.1. Overall system structure design

Through a thorough system analysis, it is possible to segment the system into multiple subsystems based
on pertinent functional requirements. This involves a scientific configuration of machinery, establishment
of data storage protocols, and a rationalized blueprint for the overall system implementation. This can
develop a system implementation plan to achieve the overall goal. The structural framework design of the
university computer student IMS is displayed in Fig. 1.

2.3.2. Various functional modules of the system

The college computer student IMS consists of five functional modules [14]. The following article
provides a detailed analysis of each module:

(1) Login module

Before entering the system, it needs to log in to the system, and the login module is responsible
for authenticating the user’s identity. According to the authentication information, the system would
allow users of different roles to enter the corresponding system interface, which also provides certain
convenience for users to perform related operations. In the college computer student IMS, users are
divided into a total of 5 categories, and each type of user has different permissions. Different users also
have separate username and password, which allows them to enter the designated management interface
and perform related operations. The login module is important in the system, and the login interface of
the system is displayed in Fig. 2.

(2) Student information management module

Different users can log in to the corresponding information management interface for related operations.
For student users, logging in to the system allows them to query and browse their basic information.
This information mainly includes student ID (identification), name, department, home address, major,
class, grade, grade information, and ongoing courses. The student information management module also
supports editing, deleting, and adding student information.
 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities 1563

Fig. 2. System login interface.

(3) Course information management module

The course information management module mainly provides services for students and teachers, and
students can choose the courses they want to learn in this module. Teachers can schedule courses in
this module. Administrators can edit and modify course information in this module, and also support
adding new courses for students to choose from. The course information mainly includes course name,
lecturer, class time, etc. This module also supports operations such as editing, deleting, and adding course
information.

(4) Score management module

The grade management module is mainly responsible for recording students’ grades and GPA (grade
point average) scores. Teachers can input students’ grades and grade points into the system in this module,
and can also modify the scores. Students can only query their grades and print their transcripts. The score
information mainly includes scores, grades, rankings, etc. This module also supports operations such as
adding, editing, and querying grade information.

(5) Training plan management module

The training program management module is mainly responsible for organizing and summarizing
the course information selected by students, and timely recording the completion progress of the cor-
responding training program courses for students. The training plan information mainly includes plan
number, course content, expected training objectives, etc. This module also supports editing, deleting,
and querying the training plan information.

3. Computer student IMS based on CA

3.1. CA

CA can filter and classify large-scale data, gather similar data together, classify them, and perform
data mining analysis on them [15]. Applying CA to the student IMS, the algorithm would collect student
1564 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

information with similar features and group students who choose the same course according to the
corresponding learning objectives. This can facilitate the effective management of student information
by the system, thereby improving the management efficiency of the system and achieving the goal of
optimizing system effectiveness.
Assuming that the sample data in the computer student IMS is represented as Q = {q1 , q2 , · · · , qn },
W = {w1 , w2 , · · · , wn }. The distance between two objects can be represented by Euclidean distance,
with the formula:
v
u r
uX
e(qa , qb ) = t (qat − qbt )2 (1)
t=1

Among them, r represents the dimension of the sample data in the student IMS, and e(qa , qb ) represents
the distance between two objects.
Calculate the student data class in the student IMS using the formula:
1 X
wa = g (2)
n
q⊂Wa

Among them, q represents the center class of the n class, while wa represents the student data class.
In the CA, an iterative method is used to partition the data in the student IMS and calculate the objective
function. The formula is:
t X
X
U= e(p, Wa ) (3)
a=1 q⊂Wa

Clustering distance matrix can be expressed as:

 
e11 · · · e1m
A =  ··· ··· ···  (4)
em1 · · · emm
Among them, A represents the clustering distance matrix. By solving for the maximum distance in eab ,
it can be concluded that:
F = max
16a,b6m eab (5)
Among them, F represents the maximum distance of data between different student objects.
By dividing the distance between different student objects, it can be concluded that:
 
F
wt = qh eah 6 (6)
t
 
F
wt−1 = qc ebh 6 (7)
t
By dividing the distance between different student objects, the data information of different students
can be effectively classified to improve the effective management of student information in the student
IMS. This could increase the system’s operational effectiveness to have a good optimization effect on
system effectiveness.
 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities 1565

Fig. 3. Connection speed test of the system under different algorithms.

3.2. Computer student IMS testing experiment

In order to verify that CA can effectively optimize the effectiveness of computer student IMS, this
article takes a computer student IMS in a certain university as the research object, and combines CA
to conduct experimental tests on the relevant effectiveness of the system. This article also conducted
comparative experiments on the system using decision tree algorithm and artificial neural network (ANN)
algorithm, and the experimental results are displayed below.

3.2.1. Connection speed test

In order to compare the differences in optimizing system effectiveness among different algorithms,
this article conducted experimental tests on the access of each user to the system in terms of system
connection speed, as displayed in Fig. 3.
After logging into the student IMS, users need to perform relevant operations in the system, which
requires ensuring the operational efficiency of the system. There is a close correlation between operational
efficiency and system connection speed. The faster the connection speed, the higher the operational
efficiency of the system. From the data in Fig. 3, it can be seen that different algorithms have different
connection speed tests for each user accessing the system. Under the algorithm in this article, the overall
connection speed of each user accessing the system exceeds 9 Mbps. The connection speed reached the
highest when User 3 accessed the system, at 9.36 Mbps. When User 6 accesses the system, the connection
speed reaches its lowest at 9.05 Mbps, and the average connection speed for each user accessing the
system is 9.17 Mbps. Under the decision tree algorithm, the connection speed of each user accessing the
system may be slower, generally below 9 Mbps. The highest connection speed can reach 8.91 Mbps and
the lowest is 8.73 Mbps. The average connection speed for each user accessing the system is 8.82 Mbps.
Under the ANN algorithm, the connection speed of each user accessing the system would be slower,
with a minimum connection speed of 8.37 Mbps and a maximum connection speed of 8.59 Mbps. The
average connection speed for each user accessing the system is 8.47 Mbps. From the above data, it can be
seen that under the algorithm in this article, the connection speed when users access the system is faster,
indicating that this algorithm can effectively improve the operational efficiency of the system.

3.2.2. Response time testing

In order to further compare the differences between different algorithms, this article also tested the
access of each user to the system in terms of system reaction time, and the test results are displayed in
Fig. 4.
1566 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

Fig. 4. Response time testing of the system under different algorithms.

In the student IMS, users need a certain reaction time to complete corresponding tasks when accessing
web pages, downloading data information, and other related operations. The shorter the reaction time
of the system, the higher the operational efficiency of the system. From the data in Fig. 4, it can be
seen that under different algorithms, there are significant differences in the reaction time of the system
when each user performs related operations. Under the algorithm in this article, when each user operates
on the system, the reaction time of the system is relatively short, and the overall control is within 0.4
seconds. When user 3 performs related operations, the system’s reaction time reaches the shortest, 0.31
seconds. When user 4 performs related operations, the system’s reaction time reaches the longest, 0.38
seconds, and the average reaction time is 0.34 seconds. Under the decision tree algorithm, the reaction
time would be relatively longer for each user when performing operations. The maximum reaction time
reached 0.68 seconds, the minimum reached 0.61 seconds, and the average reaction time reached 0.64
seconds. Under the ANN algorithm, the reaction time would be longer when each user performs related
operations, with the longest reaction time reaching 0.87 seconds and the shortest being 0.81 seconds,
and the average reaction time reaching 0.84 seconds. In summary, under the algorithm proposed in this
article, the reaction time of the system is the shortest when each user performs related operations in the
system, demonstrating that the algorithm can successfully reduce the system’s reaction time and increase
its operating efficiency.

3.2.3. Safety testing

In order to comprehensively compare the differences in system effectiveness optimization between
different algorithms, this article also conducted testing experiments on the security of the system, as
displayed in Fig. 5.
From the data in Fig. 5, there are certain differences in the security test results of users when using
the system for different algorithms. Under the algorithm in this article, the overall security level of the
system is relatively high for each user when performing related operations, basically maintaining over
90%. The highest and lowest security level of the system can reach 93.45% and 91.58%, with an average
security level of 92.47%. Under the decision tree algorithm, when each user operates in the system, the
security level of the system is relatively low, and overall, it does not exceed 90%. The lowest security
level of the system is 87.49%, and the highest is 89.27%. The average security level of the system is
88.41%. Under the ANN algorithm, the security of the system would be lower when each user performs
related operations. The lowest system security level is only 84.19%, and the highest is only 86.23%,
with an average system security level of 85.24%. By analyzing the above data, it can be seen that under
 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities 1567

Fig. 5. Security testing of systems under different algorithms.

Fig. 6. Memory usage test of the system under different algorithms.

the algorithm proposed in this article, the system’s security level would be higher, indicating that this
algorithm can effectively improve the system’s security effectiveness and ensure the information security
of students.

3.2.4. Memory usage test

To continually assess the system’s performance, this article integrates diverse algorithms and performs
experimental tests on memory usage under varying user loads accessing the system. The experimental
results are displayed in Fig. 6.
When multiple users log in to the student IMS at the same time, it would occupy a certain amount
of system memory. As the number of users logging into the system continues to increase, the system
would also occupy more and more memory. The higher the memory usage rate of the system, the lower
the operating efficiency of the system, which has a negative impact on its operation. From Fig. 6, it can
be seen that under the algorithm proposed in this article, as the number of users simultaneously logging
into the system continues to increase, the system’s memory usage also continues to rise. When there
are only 50 users, the system’s memory usage is only 4.14%. When the number of users increased to
500, the system’s memory usage increased to 34.27%. Under the decision tree algorithm, the memory
1568 L. Yin and Y. Chen / Application of computer information management system in universities

usage of the system continues to increase as the number of users increases. When the number of users is
50, the system’s memory usage rate is 6.23%; When the number of users increased to 500, the system’s
memory usage increased to 42.58%. Under the ANN algorithm, the memory usage of the system is also
continuously increasing. When there are only 50 users, the memory usage of the system is 8.26%. When
the number of users reaches 500, the memory usage of the system is as high as 45.97%, accounting for
nearly half of the system’s memory. In summary, under the algorithm proposed in this article, the memory
usage of the system would be lower. It shows that the algorithm can optimize the memory usage of the
system and improve its operational efficiency.

4. Conclusions

The application of computer IMS can effectively improve the efficiency of management work, but there
are also many problems. This article analyzed the current application status of this system in university
management. In response to its current application status, some solutions have been proposed. This
article also constructed a university computer student IMS based on computer technology, and provided a
detailed description of each module of the system. This article also combined CA to conduct relevant
testing experiments on the effectiveness of computer student IMS. The experimental results show that
under the algorithm proposed in this paper, the system has faster connection speed, shorter reaction time,
higher security, and lower memory usage. It indicates that the algorithm can effectively improve the
system’s operational efficiency and overall effectiveness. Due to limitations in experimental conditions,
this experiment only conducted experimental analysis on connection speed, response time, security, and
memory usage, and did not conduct research on other aspects. In future research endeavors, Continuous
Assessment (CA) must consistently evolve to align with the evolving application requirements of the
student Information Management System (IMS) in university administration, thereby enhancing its
efficacy. This adaptive approach will offer more effective support in advancing the development of diverse
management activities within universities.

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