1. The plasma membrane: 3) forms-a barrier to non-polar molecules b) is impermeable to water ©) slargely impermeable to ions ) has a uniform composition 2, Gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the plasma membrane by: 5} specific gas transport proteins 2) passive diffusion through the lipid bilayer ©) primary active transport €) Secondary active transport 3. What is the difference between a primary, lysosome and a secondary lysosome? 2 Pumary. lysosomes are larger than secondary lysosomes: b) Primary lysosomes are__active, while Secondary lysosomes are inactive © Primary” lysosomes have a low pH while ‘Secondary lysosomes have a high pH a) None of the above 4) All ofthe above 5. The uptake of a novel drug by hepatocytes ‘Sccurs down an electrochemical gradient. Uptake { independent of other solutes, and the rate of ‘uptake is saturated at high extracellular drug. concentrations. Which membrane transport process is most likely to account for all these Characteristics of drug uptake? a) Facilitated diffusion ') Primary active transport ©) Cotransport with Na~ 4) Antiport with Ch 6.Connexins do not allow the passage of a) amino acids nee Bp proteins ©) Na a) Ge 7.1m the gap junctions, the diameter of channel is regulated by the intracellular a) Ca b) ¢) Nav d) ch {THE UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA COLLEGE OF HEAL’ SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY, DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ‘Medical Physioloi DATE: 26 May, 2014, TIME: 8.00 »ART-1— MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: TH SCIENCE: ‘SCIENCES ey— CAT 1 s, cadherin can be found in WHiGhnaaaaamy following? a) tight junctions b) anchoring junctions ¢) communication junctions 4) adherens junctions 9. Intracellular fluid differs fluid in that intracellular fluid has 2 concentration of: a) Glucose b) Nat Qk d) ch 40. Which of the following processes requires membrane proteins? a) exocytosis b) pinocytosis @) receptor-mediated endocytosis d) phagocytosis 41, What is the most significant inorganic plasma, butter? ai 3) phosphate ) albumin ©) bicarbonate ‘d) hemoglobin 32. if blood parameters read B co, =20 mEq, PacOs=33 \ a) Metabolicacidosis B) Respiratory acidosis 4 ¢) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory e d) None of the above: a ie 13. Which statement Is false circuits? a) converging eireuits provide single postsynaptic neuro b) diverging circuits spread ‘neuron or pool to several ©) in parallelaftersd leads to multiple individ 4) in. reverberating circuits, b stimulates the circuit in a eyelie 14. Which glial cells behave ke : cl Teukoeytaa? oe z #) oligodendrocytes 3) astrocytes oat a} Sataiee cesFae 15.The AFUE Aber resting m a) Ieis- 9) he 0 a relation tots inside Tess than the brane potential: Taunface of its membrane Is negative In skeletal muscle resting oui membrane potential a) 1 deuons the membrane potential on the outer all membrane 16. Action potential conduction velocity is influenced by: a) axon diameter 'b) temperature ©) myelination ) all of the above Which of the following statements about ptic potentials is incorrect? a) They are propagated down the postsynaptic b) They undergo spatiotemporal summation ©) IPSP hyperpolarize the postsynaptic neuron, ) They are proportional to the amount of transmitter released by the presynaptic neuron, 18. A drug that inactivates acetylcholinesterase a) Inhibits the release of ACh from presynaptic endings b) Inhibits the attachmient of ACh to its receptor’ protein ©) Increases the ability of ACh to stimulate muscle contraction. d) Allofthe above 19. The inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitters 2) glutamate and glycine 3) glutamate and aspartate 4) aspartate and glycine 20. What actually shortens when a muscle fiber contracts? a) thick and thin flaments: 1b) Abands, M lines, and Z discs ‘¢) sarcomeres, H zones, and! bands 4) both bande 21. Electrical excitation of a muscle fiber most directly causes a) Movement of tropomyosin b) Attachment of the cross bridges to action €) Release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, a) Splitting of ATP e pan 22. For muscle contraction the energy ts provided re @) All 23. What process genemptes the most ATP? a) glycolysis ao b) oxidative phosphorylation ©) anaerobic glycolysis d) Krebs cycle ~ ° 24. Whatis isometric contraction? a) Muscle shortens with contraction 3 b) Muscle does not shorten with contraction ©) Muscle contracts tension remaining constant d) None of the above 25. The latch-bridge mechanism in str is responsible for: ee a) Unstable membrane potential b) Fast muscle twitch ©) Excitation-contraction coupling ) Sustained muscle contraction 26, Smooth muscle lacks: a) actin b) myosin ©) troponin d) tropomyosin 27. The term “chronaxie” referred to: a) Can be used as a measure of excitability b) Is the threshold stimulus ¢) Is twice the rheobase d) Is the time needed to excite a nerve by a current strength to the rheobase 28. The force of muscle contraction cannot be increased by: a) increasing the frequency of activation of motor units b) increasing the number of motor units activated © ©) increasing the amplitude of action potentials in motor neurons 4) recruiting larger motor units aii 29. Rigor mortis demonstrates muscle tiesue 8) normally requires energy to end a well as to stare ) ean survive and function fo heart stops beating 6) maintains powerful contractio until autolysis occurs 4) allofthe above that skeletal r some time after the ns even with no ATP, 30. Parks generally 3) brain damage before b until maturity: pro b) brain inflammation, infection; fatal 9) deficiency “of the 1 ‘lopathic 4) conge son disease results from __ and Is birth that remains hidden Bressive most soften due to viral rotransmitter dopamine, al anomalies in the brain; inheritedes encoding the conn' 1. Mutation of genes encodl cs 2. Fibrous astrocytes occupy mainly the gray matter 4. Atropine has effect on acetylcholine production or ¢ 4. jostruction ng the depolarization phase akdown products are pum} The absolute refractory period of a neuron occ el tier BA Is broken down by ‘The neurotransmitte 6. ‘The coexistence of excitatory and inl summation allow the neuron to integrate Sif *Saltatory" conduction is exclusive to unmyelinate Fara ncoth muscle ean be found in the iris ofthe eye 9, Smooth muscle be stimulated by stretch of the mu cle 10. The smallest amount of muscle that can contractn response to excitaHlOnsG muscle fasciculus f 14, Botulinum toxin blocks release of acetylcholine from presynaptic termi 12. Facilitated diffusion is the movement of substances against'a concentratl 13. The ATPase activity of actin is altered to regulate skeletal muscle contraction: 14, The minimum time for transmission across one synapse is 1.5 ms 15. Alzheimer’s disease is associated with the loss of cholinergic neurons: 16. Although the equilibrium potential of Na is +60 my, the membrane potential does not reach this value during the overshoot because Na channels undergo rapid inactivation 17, Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP) are not produced by closure of K channels 18. The physiological characteristic of fast musel ers include larger in size for greater strength of contraction i 19. As the partial pressure of carbon dioxide Increases in the plasma, plasma pH decreases 20. Acetylcholine channel opens when 2-alpha subunits bind to acetylcholine 21. The inability of uscle to maintain its contraction strength is called muscle fatigue 22. The commonest typi in the central nervous system is axodendritic synapse 23. The: {impulses is the dendritic zone 24, Alcohol and steroids can diffuse through the lipid portions of the membrane 25, The troponin/tropomyosin complex is assoelated directly with actin 26. If calcium ions are not completely reabsorbed after muscle contraction, the next muscle contraction will be weaker than the previous muscle contraction 27. The sodium/potassium pump provides energy for neuro potential 28. At an excitatory synapse only one type of channel is opened which allows both sodium g ee ee ernest yest lows bot sh ane 29, Beta-blockers use in the treatment of hypertension ee : 30, Woman Is excited and begins to hyperventilate, Because of this respiratory alkalosis sibitory synaptic inputs and their capaelty for temporal and: nals from a variety of other neurons nerves s, but does NOT affect sting membrane activity, she may experience some mil 1, Which 3 structures in the brain are responsible for maintainin he MM MPUEYGEN stasis slocy-wele crate ining the here 3. What cell organelle in liver cells contains enzymes for the inactivation of alcoh 4. Protein in lysosomes initiates cell death a 5. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) form the focal adhesion and hemidesmosome “6 The process of the dissolution ofthe Nissi bodies in the cell body of anewron itteris principally found in the nigrostriatal pathway? ' tn which antibodies are formed against voltage-gated he peripheral nervous system ented ala that pceurs in starvation andl poorly controlled diabetes mellitusPARTIV- LABELING QUESTIONS 7. Structure of the neuron: