This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what

changes have been made to the previous version. Because

it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.

Designation: A479/A479M − 18 A479/A479M − 19 Used in USDOE-NE Standards

Standard Specification for

Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and
Other Pressure Vessels1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A479/A479M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope*
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-finished bars of stainless steel, including rounds, squares, and hexagons, and
hot-rolled or extruded shapes such as angles, tees, and channels for use in boiler and pressure vessel construction.2
NOTE 1—There are standards covering high nickel, chromium, austenitic corrosion, and heat-resisting alloy materials. These standards are under the
jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee B02.07 and may be found in Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound
units.

iTeh Standards
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3
Document Preview
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements
ASTMfor Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A479/A479M-19
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/4332d6e0-cd18-4485-a80a-56e647e0318e/astm-a479-a479m-19
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 SAE Document:4
SAE J 1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys

3. General Requirements
3.1 The following requirements for orders for material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable
requirements of the current edition of Specification A484/A484M.
3.1.1 Definitions,
3.1.2 General requirements for delivery,
3.1.3 Ordering information,
3.1.4 Process,
3.1.5 Special tests,

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17
on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018Sept. 1, 2019. Published January 2018October 2019. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
A479/A479M – 17.A479/A479M – 18. DOI: 10.1520/A0479_A0479M-18. 10.1520/A0479_A0479M-19.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-479/SA-479M in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 A479/A479M − 19
3.1.6 Heat treatment,
3.1.7 Dimensions and permissible variations,
3.1.8 Workmanship, finish, and appearance,
3.1.9 Number of tests/test methods,
3.1.10 Specimen preparation,
3.1.11 Retreatment,
3.1.12 Inspection,
3.1.13 Rejection and rehearing,
3.1.14 Material test report,
3.1.15 Certification, and
3.1.16 Packaging, marking, and loading.

4. Other Requirements
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all requirements of the current editions of Specification A484/A484M
shall apply. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes nonconformance with this
specification.

5. Chemical Composition
5.1 Chemical composition shall be reported to the purchaser, or his representative, and shall conform to the requirements
specified in Table 1.
5.2 When a product analysis is performed or requested by the purchaser, the tolerance limits as described in Specification
A484/A484M apply unless Supplementary Requirement S3 is invoked.
5.3 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test Methods,
Practices, and Terminology A751.

6. Grain Size for Austenitic Grades

iTeh Standards
6.1 All austenitic grades shall(https://standards.iteh.ai)
be tested for average grain size by Test Methods E112.

Document
304H, 309H, 310H, andPreview
6.2 The H grades shall conform to an average grain size as follows:
6.2.1 ASTM No. 6 or coarser for Types 316H,
6.2.2 ASTM No. 7 or coarser for Types 321H, 347H, and 348H.
6.3 For S32615, the grain size as determined in accordance with Test Methods E112, comparison method, Plate 11, shall be No.
3 or finer. ASTM A479/A479M-19
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/4332d6e0-cd18-4485-a80a-56e647e0318e/astm-a479-a479m-19
6.4 For N08810 and N08811, the average grain size as determined in accordance with Test Methods E112 shall be No. 5 or
coarser.
6.5 Supplementary Requirement S1 shall be invoked when non–Hnon-H grade austenitic stainless steels are ordered for ASME
Code applications for service above 1000°F [540°C].1000 °F [540 °C].

7. Mechanical Properties Requirements

7.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical property requirements specified in Table 2 for the grade ordered. At least one
room-temperature test shall be performed by the manufacturer on a sample from at least one bar or shape from each lot of material.
7.2 The yield strength shall be determined by the offset (0.2 %) method as prescribed in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
7.3 Martensitic material supplied in the annealed condition shall be capable of meeting the hardened and tempered mechanical
properties when heat treated.
7.4 Hardness measurements, when required, shall be made at a location midway between the surface and the center of the cross
section.
7.5 Martensitic grades shall be capable of meeting the hardness requirements after heat treating as specified in Table 3.

8. Testing for Intermetallic Compounds

8.1 When specified by the purchaser in the purchase order, the manufacturer shall test the austenitic or austenitic-ferritic
(duplex) stainless steel material in its final condition in accordance with supplementary test requirements S6.
NOTE 2—Many, if not all, duplex stainless steels and some austenitic stainless steels will form intermetallic phases or compounds such as sigma, chi,
and laves phases when exposed to temperatures below the specified annealing temperature or cooled slowly from a higher temperature during casting,
welding, or annealing. These phases can have a negative effect on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. These phases can typically be removed
by correct annealing and cooling practices. The presence of these phases can be demonstrated by tests, typically involving metallography, impact

2
 A479/A479M − 19
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
UNS Composition, %B
Designa- Type Man- Phos- Molyb-
tionA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Nitrogen Other ElementsC
ganese phorus denum

Austenitic Grades

N08020 Alloy 20 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 19.0–21.0 32.0–38.0 ... 2.00–3.00 Cu 3.0–4.0;
Cb 8xC–1.00
N08367 ... 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 20.0–22.0 23.5–25.5 0.18–0.25 6.0–7.0 Cu 0.75
N08800 800 0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 ... ... FeK 39.5 min.
Cu 0.75
Al 0.15–0.60
Ti 0.15–0.60
N08810 800H 0.05–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 ... ... FeK 39.5 min.
Cu 0.75
Al 0.15–0.60
Ti 0.15–0.60
N08811 ... 0.06–0.10 1.50 0.045 0.015 1.00 19.0–23.0 30.0–35.0 ... ... FeK 39.5 min.
Cu 0.75
AlL 0.25–0.60
L
Ti 0.25–0.60
N08700 ... 0.040 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 19.0–23.0 24.0–26.0 ... 4.3–5.0 Cu 0.50;
Cb 8xC–0.40
N08904 904L 0.020 2.00 0.045 0.035 1.00 19.0–23.0 23.0–28.0 0.10 4.0–5.0 Cu 1.0–2.0
N08925 ... 0.020 1.00 0.045 0.030 0.50 19.0–21.0 24.0–26.0 0.10–0.20 6.0–7.0 Cu 0.80–1.50
N08926 ... 0.020 2.00 0.030 0.010 0.50 19.0–21.0 24.0–26.0 0.15–0.25 6.0–7.0 Cu 0.50–1.50
S20161 ... 0.15 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 3.0–4.0 15.0–18.0 4.0–6.0 0.08–0.20 ... ...
S20910 XM-19 0.06 4.0–6.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 20.5–23.5 11.5–13.5 0.20–0.40 1.50–3.00 Cb 0.10–0.30;
V 0.10–0.30
S21600 XM-17 0.08 7.5–9.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.5–20.5 5.0–7.0 0.25–0.50 2.00–3.00 ...
S21603 XM-18 0.03 7.5–9.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.5–20.5 5.0–7.0 0.25–0.50 2.00–3.00 ...
S21800 ... 0.10 7.0–9.0 0.060 0.030 3.5–4.5 16.0–18.0 8.0–9.0 0.08–0.18 ... ...

iTeh Standards
S21904 XM-11 0.04 8.0–10.0 0.045 0.030 1.00 19.0–21.5 5.5–7.5 0.15–0.40
S24000 XM-29 0.08 11.5–14.5 0.060 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 2.3–3.7 0.20–0.40 ... ...
S30200 302 0.15 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 8.0–10.0 0.10 ... ...
0.08D

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
S30400 304 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–10.5 ... ... ...
S30403 304L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 ... ... ...
S30409 304H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–10.5 ... ... ...
S30451 304N 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 8.0–12.0 0.10–0.16 ... ...
S30453
S30600
S30815
304LN
...
...
0.030
0.018
0.05–0.10
Document Preview
2.00
2.00
0.80
0.045
0.020
0.040
0.030
0.020
0.030
1.00
3.7–4.3
1.40–2.00
18.0–20.0
17.0–18.5
20.0–22.0
8.0–11.0
14.0–15.5
10.0–12.0
0.10–0.16
...
0.14–0.20
...
0.20
...
...
Cu 0.50
Ce 0.03–0.08
S30908 309S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 ... ... ...
S30909 309H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–15.0 ... ... ...
S30940 309Cb 0.08 2.00 ASTM A479/A479M-19
0.045 0.030 1.00 22.0–24.0 12.0–16.0 ... ... Cb 10×C- 1.10
S30880 ER308E 0.08 1.00–2.50 0.030 0.030 0.25–0.60 19.5–22.0 9.0–11.0 ... ... ...
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S31008 310S 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... ...
S31009 310H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... ...
S31010F ... 0.030 5.50–6.50 0.030 0.0010 0.25–0.75 28.5–30.5 14.0–16.0 0.80–0.90 1.5–2.5 Al 0.05
B 0.005
S31040 310Cb 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 24.0–26.0 19.0–22.0 ... ... Cb 10×C-1.10
S31050 ... 0.025 2.00 0.020 0.015 0.4 24.0–26.0 20.5–23.5 0.09–0.15 1.60–2.60 ...
S31254 ... 0.020 1.00 0.030 0.010 0.80 19.5–20.5 17.5–18.5 0.18–0.25 6.0–6.5 Cu 0.50–1.00
S31266 ... 0.030 2.00–4.00 0.035 0.020 1.00 23.0–25.0 21.0–24.0 0.35–0.60 5.2–6.2 Cu 1.00–2.50
W 1.50–2.50
S31600 316 0.08C 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 ... 2.00–3.00 ...
S31603 316L 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 ... 2.00–3.00 ...
S31609 316H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 ... 2.00–3.00 ...
S31635 316Ti 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 0.10 2.00–3.00 Ti 5×(C+N)- 0.70
S31640 316Cb 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 0.10 2.00–3.00 Cb 10×C- 1.10
S31651 316N 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 0.10–0.16 2.00–3.00 ...
S31653 316LN 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0–18.0 10.0–14.0 0.10–0.16 2.00–3.00 ...
S31700 317 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 11.0–15.0 ... 3.0–4.0 ...
S31725 ... 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0–20.0 13.5–17.5 0.20 4.0–5.0 ...
S31726 ... 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–20.0 14.5–17.5 0.10–0.20 4.0–5.0 ...
S31727 ... 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 1.00 17.5–19.0 14.5–16.5 0.15–0.21 3.8–4.5 Cu 2.8–4.0
S32050 ... 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 1.00 22.0–24.0 20.0–23.0 0.21–0.32 6.0–6.8 Cu 0.40
S32053 ... 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 22.0–24.0 24.0–26.0 0.17–0.22 5.0–6.0 ...
S32100 321 0.08D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... Ti 5×(C+N)- 0.70G
S32109 321H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... Ti 4×(C+N)- 0.70G
S32615 ... 0.07 2.00 0.045 0.030 4.8–6.0 16.5–19.5 19.0–22.0 ... 0.30–1.50 Cu 1.50–2.50
S32654 ... 0.020 2.0–4.0 0.030 0.005 0.50 24.0–25.0 21.0–23.0 0.45–0.55 7.0–8.0 Cu 0.30–0.60
S33228 ... 0.04–0.08 1.00 0.020 0.015 0.30 26.0–28.0 31.0–33.0 ... ... Cb 0.60–1.00;
Ce 0.05–0.10;
Al 0.025
S34565 ... 0.030 5.0–7.0 0.030 0.010 1.00 23.0–25.0 16.0–18.0 0.40–0.60 4.0–5.0 Cb 0.10
S34700 347 0.08D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... Cb 10×C–1.10

3
 A479/A479M − 19
TABLE 1 Continued
UNS Composition, %B
Designa- Type Man- Phos- Molyb-
tionA Carbon Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Nitrogen Other ElementsC
ganese phorus denum

S34709 347H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... Cb 8×C–1.10
S34800 348 0.08D 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... (Cb+Ta) 10×C–1.10;
Ta 0.10;
Co 0.20
S34809 348H 0.04–0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 9.0–12.0 ... ... (Cb + Ta) 8×C–1.10;
Co 0.20;
Ta 0.10
S35315 ... 0.04–0.08 2.00 0.040 0.030 1.20–2.00 24.0–26.0 34.0–36.0 0.12–0.18 ... Ce 0.03–0.08
S38815 ... 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.020 5.50–6.50 13.0–15.0 15.0–17.0 ... 0.75–1.50 Al 0.30;
Cu 0.75–1.50

Austenitic-Ferritic Grades

S31803 ... 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 21.0–23.0 4.5–6.5 0.08–0.20 2.5–3.5 ...
S32101 ... 0.040 4.0–6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 21.0–22.0 1.35–1.70 0.20–0.25 0.10–0.80 Cu 0.10–0.80
S32202 ... 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 21.5–24.0 1.00–2.80 0.18–0.26 0.45 ...
S32205 ... 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 22.0–23.0 4.5–6.5 0.14–0.20 3.0–3.5 ...
S32506 ... 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 24.0–26.0 5.5–7.2 0.08–0.20 3.0–3.5 W 0.05–0.30
S32550 ... 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 24.0–27.0 4.5–6.5 0.10–0.25 2.9–3.9 Cu 1.50–2.50
S32750M ... 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 24.0–26.0 6.0–8.0 0.24–0.32 3.0–5.0 Cu 0.50
S32760H ... 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 24.0–26.0 6.0–8.0 0.20–0.30 3.0–4.0 Cu 0.50–1.00;
W 0.50–1.00
S32808 ... 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 27.0–27.9 7.0–8.2 0.30–0.40 0.80–1.2 W 2.10–2.50
S32906 ... 0.030 0.80–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.50 28.0–30.0 5.8–7.5 0.30–0.40 1.50–2.60 Cu 0.80
S32950 ... 0.03 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 26.0–29.0 3.5–5.2 0.15–0.35 1.00–2.50 ...
S39277 ... 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 24.0–26.0 6.5–8.0 0.23–0.33 3.0–4.0 Cu 1.20–2.00
W 0.80–1.20
S82441 ... 0.030
iTeh Standards
2.5–4.0 0.035 0.005 0.70 23.0–25.0

Ferritic Grades
3.0–4.5 0.20–0.30 1.00–2.00 Cu 0.10–0.80

S40500
S43000
405
430
0.08
0.12
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
1.00
1.00
0.040
0.040
0.030
0.030
1.00
1.00
11.5–14.5
16.0–18.0
0.50
...
...
...
...
...
Al 0.10–0.30
...

Document Preview
S43035 439 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 17.0–19.0 0.50 0.04 ... Ti 0.20 + 4 × (C+N)
–1.10; Al 0.15
S44400 444 0.025 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 17.5–19.5 1.00 0.035 1.75–2.50 (Ti+Cb) 0.20 + 4 ×
(C+N)-0.80
I I
S44627 XM-27 0.010 0.40 0.020 0.020 0.40 25.0–27.5 0.50 0.015 0.75–1.50 Cu 0.20;
ASTM A479/A479M-19 Cb 0.05–0.20;
(Ni+Cu) 0.50
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S44700 . . . 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 28.0–30.0 0.15 0.020 3.5–4.2 (C+N) 0.025;
Cu 0.15
S44800 ... 0.010 0.30 0.025 0.020 0.20 28.0–30.0 2.00–2.50 0.020 3.5–4.2 (C+N) 0.025;
Cu 0.15

Martensitic Grades

S40300 403 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.50 11.5–13.0 ... ... ... ...
S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 ... ... ... ...
S41040 XM-30 0.18 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 ... ... ... Cb 0.05–0.30
S41400 414 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5–13.5 1.25–2.50 ... ... ...
S41425 ... 0.05 0.50–1.00 0.020 0.005 0.50 12.0–15.0 4.0–7.0 0.06–0.12 1.50–2.00 Cu 0.30
J
S41500 0.05 0.50–1.00 0.030 0.030 0.60 11.5–14.0 3.5–5.5 ... 0.50–1.00 ...
S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0–17.0 1.25–2.50 ... ... ...
A
New designations established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J 1086 published jointly by ASTM and SAE. See ASTM DS–56C, available from ASTM
Headquarters.
B
Maximum unless otherwise indicated.
C
Except as required for specific alloy type, molybdenum, titanium, nickel, cobalt, tantalum, nitrogen, and copper need not be reported but shall not be present in other
than residual amounts, the intent being to prohibit substitution of one alloy type for another due to absence of control of the above named elements in certain alloys.
D
See Supplementary Requirement S1.
E
American Welding Society designation.
F
UNS S31010 is a highly alloyed austenitic stainless steel type 3b as defined in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3.
G
Nitrogen content is to be reported for this grade.
H
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo(Mo + 1⁄2 W) + 16 × % N $ 40.41.
I
Product analysis tolerance over the maximum limit for carbon and nitrogen to be 0.002 %.
J
Wrought version of CA6NM.
K
Iron shall be determined arithmetically by difference of 100 minus the sum of specified elements.
L
(Al+Ti) 0.85–1.20.
M
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 41.