Test

Name: Solomakha Sofia

Data: 02.04.2025

Group: 4східФ (41акФ)

Task 1. Divide these instruments into groups:

a) woodwind: flute, piccolo, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, double bassoon, bass clarinet.

b) string: Violin, cello, viola, double bass, harp.

c) percussion: glockenspiel, tympani, cymbals, xylophone, side drum, triangle,

chimes, bass drum, celesta.

d) brass: trumpet, piano, tuba, French horn, trombone.

Task 2. Match the words in column A with their equivalents in column B.

A B

1. apparent - f a. приєднувати

2. incorporate - a b. визначати, встановлювати

3. tremendous - h c. розвиватися, розгортатися

4. unwind - c d. примха, каприз

5. assertion - j e. істотний, значний

6. designate - b f. очевидний, явний

7. significant - e g. збожеволілий, захоплений

8. evolve into - i h. величезний, приголомшливий

9. infatuated - g i. еволюціонувати, розвиватись

10. whim - d j. твердження

Task 3. Match the musical genres on the left with their definitions on the right.

1. art music - d a) Music belonging to any of a number

of musical styles that are accessible to
the general public and are disseminated
by one or more of the mass media. It is
also used in more of a sense with the
market economy, in a way music can
be used to make a profit. It is usually
found on most commercial radio
stations.

2. popular music - a b) A style of music first created in the

1960s, this musical style most often
uses instruments like guitars, drums,
bass, and vocals (which are not always
sung, but are screamed) This style
includes tremolo picking, blast beats,
and other specific things that are not
generally used by other genres of
music.

3. traditional music - e c) Music genre that combines two or

more genres. The main characteristics
of these genres are variations in tempo,
rhythm and sometimes the use of long
musical "journeys" that can be divided
into smaller parts, each with their own
dynamics, style and tempo.
4. metal and subgenres - b d) This music is used as in a form of a
work of art, and uses many textbook
elements of music. It is mostly
instrumental, but lyrics are added but
are in a poetic, political, or religious
sense. This music is generally
discussed in music education and
played on public

radio stations.

5. fusion music - c e) It is the modern name for what used

to be called "folk music". The music is
passed down, or learned, through
singing and listening and sometimes
dancin. The music derives from and is
part of the traditions of a particular

region or culture.

Task 4. Fill in the blanks with these words and phrases.

Traditional Ukrainian music is easily recognized by its melancholy tone. It first

became known outside of Ukraine during the 18th century as musicians from
Ukraine would perform before the royal courts in Poland. Ukraine's music history
spans back many years and remains fascinating today.

The trembita is commonly heard in Ukrainian music particularly those of the folk
and semi-classical genres. A musical instrument from the 19th century, the
bandura's forerunners were the kobza and torban. The use of these unique
instruments is facing a revival in recent years. During the 15th century Ukrainian
musicians, referred to as kobzari would sing epic poems whilst accompanying
themselves on the kobza. A professional guild was established for the kobzari and
was called “Kobzar guild.

Early on in the 1900s, Ukrainian musicians in the USA were able to keep popular
music from Ukraine alive when it almost disappeared in its homeland. One fiddler
who gained great fame in the USA was Pavlo Humeniuk. In previous decades,
polyphony was a common sound in music from Ukraine and certain groups have
kept it going. However, today, pop and rock seem to be taking over the scene.

Certain tribes within Ukraine are known for their own traditional music. The
Hutsuls of the Carpathian Mountains make use of a flutes (alpenhorn) and different
rhythms. A great example of the bandura and melodies of Hutsul folk music was
seen in Ruslana Lyzhichko's performance at the 2004 Eurovision contest.

Many talented musicians and bands have come out of Ukraine. Some of them are
dedicated to preserving the original traditional styles of Ukrainian music whilst
others have introduced new sounds such as Ukrainian pop music. Ukraine is also
well-known for its many great classical music performers.

Task 5. Translate into English.

1. До групи дерев’яних духових інструментів в оркестрі належать кларнет,

саксофон, гобой, фагот, контрфагот, флейта. Раніше всі інструменти цієї
групи, окрім саксофону, виготовлялися із дерева, тому і були названі
дерев’яними. Зараз з дерева виготовляють лише гобой і кларнет, а також деякі
народні інструменти, а всі інші робляться з металу.

- The woodwind group in the orchestra includes clarinet, saxophone, oboe,

bassoon, contrabassoon, flute. Previously, all instruments in this group, except for
the saxophone, were made of wood, hence they were called woodwind. Now, only
the oboe and clarinet, as well as some folk instruments, are made of wood, while
all the others are made of metal.
2. До групи мідних духових інструментів відносяться валторна, труба,
тромбон, туба. Мідні духові інструменти становлять одну з найважливіших
груп симфонічного оркестру, а також є основою духового оркестру. Валторна
часто звучить в камерних ансамблях, а труби і тромбони є одними з
найголовніших інструментів для виконання джазу.

- The brass group includes French horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba. Brass
instruments are one of the most important groups of the symphony orchestra, and
also the basis of the brass band. The French horn often sounds in chamber
ensembles, and trumpets and trombones are among the most important instruments
for performing jazz.

3. Група ударних інструментів включає трикутник, тарілки, барабани,

ксилофон, дзвіночки та інші. В останні десятиріччя характерним є залучення
в музичну культуру ударних інструментів з різних національних культур.

- The percussion group includes triangle, cymbals, drums, xylophone, bells and
others. In recent decades, the inclusion of percussion instruments from various
national cultures in musical culture has been characteristic.

4. До найстародавніших музичних інструментів належать струнні. До цієї

найбільшої групи інструментів належать арфа, скрипка, альт, віолончель,
контрабас, фортепіано. Разом з ударними струнні інструменти належать до
найстародавніших музичних інструментів.

- String instruments are among the oldest musical instruments. This largest group
of instruments includes harp, violin, viola, cello, double bass, piano. Together
with percussion, string instruments are among the oldest musical instruments.
5. Поп-музика сформувалася у 50-х роках минулого століття в англомовних
країнах Заходу і швидко поширилась по всьому світу. Поп-музика – поняття,
яке охоплює різноманітні напрями, жанри та стилі музики. Феномен поп-
музики у тому, що незважаючи на обмежений набір музичних інструментів, а
подекуди і повну їх заміну на електронну апаратуру, на очевидну простоту
мелодій і текстів, на надто емоційну манеру вокального виконання, яка іноді
перетворюється на вигуки, стони, завивання, вона продовжує впевнено
захоплювати увесь медіа простір, та приносити приголомшливі прибутки.

- Pop music was formed in the 50s of the last century in the English-speaking
countries of the West and quickly spread throughout the world. Pop music is a
concept that encompasses various directions, genres and styles of music. The
phenomenon of pop music is that despite a limited set of musical instruments, and
sometimes their complete replacement with electronic equipment, the obvious
simplicity of melodies and lyrics, and the overly emotional manner of vocal
performance, which sometimes turns into shouts, moans, and wails, it continues to
confidently capture the entire media space and generate staggering profits.

6. На сьогоднішній день існує безліч музичних конкурсів та фестивалів, які

спрямовані на визначення найкращих виконавців, найкращих композиторів,
поетів, найкращих пісень та відео кліпів. Але найавторитетнішим конкурсом
є премія Греммі. Також досить відомим є щорічний конкурс «Євробачення»,
який багато хто звинувачує у політизованості через спосіб підрахунку
голосів.

- Today, there are many music competitions and festivals aimed at identifying the
best performers, the best composers, poets, the best songs and video clips. But the
most prestigious competition is the Grammy Awards. Also quite well-known is the
annual Eurovision Song Contest, which many accuse of being politicized due to
the method of counting votes.
Task 6. Questions for discussion.

1. How popular is live music in your country? When was the last time you went to
a concert or live show?

- In Ukraine, live music is quite popular, you can hear it in the venues and on the
streets. The last time I went to a concert, I was 16 years old. I attended a concert
before the full-scale invasion and the beginning of the war in Ukraine.

2. What kind of music do you like? Is there any kind of music that you can't stand?

- I like jazz music and pop music the most. Jazz relaxes me, slows down the pace of
life, and pop, on the contrary, gives me energy. Rock and heavy metal is hard to
listen to, but there are people who like it. It's a matter of preference.

3. What types of music do people listen to in your country? Is there any type of
music that you can only hear in your country?

- Mostly pop music. Rarely in the central regions, but in authentic places you can
hear bandura music and traditional folk music.

4. Do you play a musical instrument? What instrument? Did you take lessons?

- No, I did not have to learn to play any musical instruments.

5. How many CDs do you own? What kind of music do you have the most of?

- I had some when I was a kid, but it's hard to remember what style of music they
were.
6. Do you listen to music on the radio? How often? Do you have a favorite station?
Why do you like this station?

- If I listen to music, it is on music platforms on my phone. Unfortunately, the radio

is an outdated method of listening to music.

7. What musician would you most like to meet? Why?

- The band Nervy. They are my favorite band, their songs and performance tug at
the heartstrings.

8. Do you prefer music in English or in your own language? Why?

- Of course, talented artists are developing rapidly in Ukraine, but I still find an
outlet for myself in foreign songs. I feel like I get more energy from foreign artists.

9. Why do you think English language music is so popular? Can a band be a

worldwide hit if they don't sing in English?

- Of course a band can become famous without singing in English. Rhythm and
melody are a big part of music. As for me, if the melody is catchy, the lyrics are
sometimes not so interesting. But if the song has all the components, it will be in
the top months of the world music charts.

10. Do you listen more to words or lyrics? How is this different in your native
language and in other languages?

- In Ukrainian, I pay more attention to the words and meaning of the song than to
the musical accompaniment (lyrics). When you listen to songs in your native
language, you want to understand what feelings the artist had when writing and
performing them.
11. Do you think CDs will ever become obsolete? What will replace them?

- Frankly speaking, they have already been replaced by music platforms. The era
of discs is fading away and becoming closer to vinyl records. Although some
homes still have disc drives and a few boxes of discs.

12. How has your opinion of good music changed over your lifetime? Is there
anything you liked years ago that you would not like now?

- My musical tastes, fortunately or unfortunately, have remained unchanged and

constant. It was only over the years that I added jazz, realising that I also needed
to relax.

Task 7. Write an essay on the topic, describing the genre of the music.

Blues. What is the difference between blues and jazz?

As a foundational genre of American music, the blues is a profound reflection of

the human experience. It has its origins in the suffering and resilience of African
Americans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The genre is at once
a musical narrative, a heartfelt confession, and a challenge to fate, united by a
distinctive structure and emotional intensity. Although blues is often juxtaposed
with jazz, it retains its identity through specific forms, themes, and emotional
content.

At its core, the blues is about feeling. It grew out of spirituals, labour songs,
field shouts and rhythmic recitatives typical of slaves and newly freed African
Americans of the Mississippi region and elsewhere. Born out of oppression, these
musical forms have evolved into a powerful means of expressing personal
experiences, social injustices, and the human spirit. The lyrics are simple and
sincere, reflecting the difficulties of life, love, losses and everyday worries.
Sincere, emotional vocal parts accompanied by guitar, harmonica or piano create
an atmosphere of authenticity and openness.

Despite their common roots and frequent interaction, blues and jazz differ
markedly in structure, themes, and overall aesthetics. Jazz, which also grew out of
African American musical traditions, has over time become a more complex genre
focused on improvisation, harmonic sophistication, and rhythmic innovation. Jazz
musicians experiment with melodies and harmonies, pushing the boundaries of
musical expression. While blues allows for improvisation, it remains more
structured, relying on the 12-stroke format and traditional chord sequences.

The subject matter of these genres also differs. Blues is more about personal
experiences and emotional responses to everyday life. Jazz, on the other hand,
covers a wider range of topics, including social commentary, artistic exploration,
and pure musical expression. While jazz performers strive for technical mastery,
blues musicians emphasise sincerity and depth of emotion. Blues is primarily about
conveying a feeling, a story, a sincere emotional experience, whereas jazz is more
concerned with exploring musical possibilities.

Rhythmically, both genres use syncopation, but jazz is characterised by more

complex rhythmic patterns and polyrhythms. Blues, on the other hand, has a clear,
steady rhythm that creates a powerful but more straightforward pulse.

In the end, the blues is a music of sincere emotion and personal expression,
rooted in the African American struggle for survival and dignity. It is a universal
musical language that tells a story of pain, resilience, and fortitude. Jazz, although
related to the blues, has evolved over time into a more complex and intellectual art
form built on improvisation and harmonic depth. These genres are constantly
influencing each other, but the blues remains a distinctive and powerful
phenomenon, a testament to the power of human emotion and the transformative
nature of music. Blues is the root, and jazz is its magnificent, intricate branch.
Task 8. Writing Task ( 250 words )

10) Some people say that music is a good way of bringing people of different
cultures and ages together. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this
opinion?

Music, a timeless human expression, has a unique capacity to break down social
barriers. It's widely believed to unite people across cultures and generations, and
despite individual tastes and cultural variations, this belief is largely valid.

Music's strength lies in its ability to communicate beyond words. A moving

melody, a strong rhythm, or a complex harmony can stir shared emotions,
regardless of language or background. This universal language allows people from
diverse backgrounds to connect on a deep emotional level. Whether it's opera, hip-
hop, or folk music, it resonates with human emotions, creating shared experiences.

Music also fosters community through shared events. Concerts, festivals, and
even casual listening create a sense of belonging. These experiences dissolve social
barriers, allowing people to connect through a shared love of music. Differences in
age, culture, and status become less important, replaced by a collective
appreciation.

Furthermore, music is deeply tied to culture, acting as a tool for cultural

exchange. Exploring various genres introduces people to different traditions and
viewpoints. From African drumming to the blues, music provides insight into
diverse human experiences, promoting understanding and empathy.

While age groups may have different musical preferences, music can bridge
generational gaps. Shared musical activities, like family sing-alongs or attending
multi-generational concerts, create meaningful connections. Music becomes a
common language, fostering understanding between different age groups.

Ultimately, while individual and cultural factors influence musical experiences,

music's ability to create collective emotions and connections is undeniable. Its
power to overcome language barriers, create shared experiences, facilitate cultural
exchange, and connect generations makes it a powerful force for unity in a diverse
world.