IT Infrastructure training

prepared by: IT Infrastructure team

Nov, 2023
 Contents

 Introduction
 Basic computer support
 Basic Network problems & Troubleshooting
 New computer Configuration
 New printer configuration
 Email-Outlook configuration and support.
 Skype for business configuration
 Branch opening duties

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 Introduction

 Operating Systems
 Server
 Storage
 Networking
 Networking Devices
 Network topology
 Datacenters
 Active Directory
 Domain Controller

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 Discussion

What is OS?

What is server client architecture?

What is storage?

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 Operating Systems

Operating Systems :- is system software that manages computer

Hardware, software resources, and provides common services for
computer programs.

– Windows 7, windows 8,windows 10 , windows 11

– UNIX

– Linux

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 Server

Server is a computer program or device that provides functionality for

other programs or devices, called "clients".

 Web servers host websites and deliver web pages to users'

browsers.

 Email servers store and forward email messages.

 File servers store and share files with users on a network.

 Database servers store and manage databases.

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 Storage

Storage:- are systems that store data

– Hard disks

– Tapes

– Direct Attached Storage (DAS)

– Network Attached Storage (NAS)

– Storage Area Networks (SANs)

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 Discussion

What is networking ?

Explain LAN and WAN?

Types of network topology ?

Network devices ?

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 Networking

Networking: refers to the practice of connecting computers and

other devices together to share resources and communicate with one
another.

It involves the design, implementation, management, and

maintenance of both the hardware (such as routers, switches, and
cables) and software (such as operating systems and protocols)
necessary for these devices to communicate and exchange data.

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 Networking

 Local area network (LAN) is a group of connected devices

within a limited area, such as a home, office, or school. LANs
are typically used to share resources such as printers, file
servers, and internet connections.

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 Networking

 Wide area network (WAN) is a telecommunications network that

extends over a large geographic area. WANs are often established
with leased telecommunication circuits.

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 Network Topology
Network Topology refers to the arrangement of different elements (links,
nodes, etc.) of a computer network.
Types
• Bus Topology:
– All devices share a single communication line.
• Star Topology:
– All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
• Ring Topology:
– Each device is connected to two other devices, forming a ring.
• Mesh Topology:
– Every device is connected to every other device in the network.
• Tree Topology:
– Combination of star and bus topologies.

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 Networking Devices

 Router is a networking device that forwards data packets between

computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions
between networks and on the global Internet.

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 Networking Devices

Switch is a networking device that connects devices on a computer

network and forwards data packets to and from those devices.
Switches are typically used to create local area networks (LANs)

 Access switch is a networking device that connects end devices,

such as computers, printers, and IP phones, to a network.

 Core switch is a high-performance networking device that connects

multiple networks together.

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 Discussion

What is Firewall?

What is VPN ?

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 Firewall

A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls

incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security
rules.

Firewalls can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination

of both.

Internal firewall: It is designed to protect the network from internal

threats, such as malware, unauthorized access, and data breaches.

External firewall is a network security device that protects a private

network from unauthorized access from the outside world

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 VPN(Virtual Private Network)

VPN, or virtual private network, is a networking technology that

creates a secure tunnel between your device and a remote server.

This tunnel encrypts your traffic, making it difficult for third parties to
intercept or monitor your online activity.

VPNs can be used for a variety of purposes, including:

• Protecting your privacy:

• Accessing geo-blocked content

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 Discussion

What is Datacenter ?

Which are the main components of datacenter?

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 Datacenters

Datacenters are locations that host most IT infrastructure

hardware
 Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) : It is a device that
provides emergency power to a load when the input power source or
mains power fails.

 A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data

centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical equipment
where an unexpected power disruption could cause injuries,
fatalities, serious business disruption or data loss.

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 Datacenters

Air Conditioning : is essential in data centers to maintain a cool and

controlled environment for the servers and other equipment.

 The heat generated by the equipment can damage it and cause

outages, so it is important to have a reliable air conditioning system
in place.

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 Datacenters

A server rack is a structure that is designed to house and organize

servers and other IT equipment. Server racks are typically made of
metal and have a standard width of 19 inches. This allows for different
types of equipment to be mounted in the rack, including servers,
switches, routers, and storage devices.

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 Discussion

What is Active Directory?

What is domain controller?

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 Active Directory

Active Directory stores information about network resources such

as users, computers, groups, printers, and other devices on the
network and allows administrators to manage and organize this
information.

A domain controller is a server in a Windows Server environment

that is responsible for authenticating and authorizing all users and
computers within a network of Windows-based computers.

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 Active Directory

Here are the key features of Active Directory:

 Directory Service: Active Directory functions as a hierarchical

directory database that stores information about network objects.

 Authentication and Authorization: Active Directory provides

authentication and authorization services in a Windows
environment.

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 continued

 Centralized Management: Active Directory enables

centralized management of network resources. Administrators
can use tools like Active Directory Users and Computers to
create, modify, and delete user accounts, manage group
memberships, and control access to network resources.

 Group Policy: allows administrators to create GPOs that

define various settings and configurations for users and
computers in the domain

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 Active Directory

Active Directory Objects

 Domain user account is a type of user account that is stored in

Active Directory, a directory service that is used to manage
users, computers, and other resources on a Windows network.

 Computer account is a special type of user account that is used

to represent a computer on a network. Computer accounts are
typically created when a computer is joined to a domain, but
they can also be created manually.

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 Active Directory

 An organizational unit (OU) in Active Directory (AD) is a container

that can hold users, groups, computers, and other OUs.

 Group Policy in Active Directory (AD) is a feature that allows

administrators to centrally manage and configure user and computer
settings on a network.

 Group Policy settings can be applied to individual users, groups,

computers, or organizational units (OUs).
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 Active Directory

 Security group in Active Directory (AD) is a group of users,

computers, and other groups that is used to assign permissions to
resources on a network.

 Distribution group in Active Directory (AD) is a type of group that is

used to send emails to a group of people.

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 Part II

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 Basic computer support

1. The Computer Won’t Start

A computer that suddenly shuts off or has difficulty starting

up could have a failing power supply.

Solution : check that the computer is plugged into the

power point properly and, if that doesn’t work, test the
power point with another working device to confirm whether
or not there is adequate power.

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 Continued…

2. The Screen is Blank

Solution : If the computer is on but the screen is blank,
there may be an issue with the connection between the
computer and the screen. First, check to see if the monitor
is plugged into a power point and that the connection
between the monitor and computer.

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 Continued…

3. Abnormally Functioning Operating System or

Software
If the operating system or other software is either
unresponsive or is acting up.

Solution: try restarting your computer and or reinstall the

software

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 Continued…

4. Windows Won’t Boot

If you are having troubles booting Windows,

Solution : you may have to reinstall it with the Windows

recovery disk.

5. Strange Noises
Solution: A lot of noise coming from your computer is generally
a sign of either hardware malfunction or a noisy fan. Hard drives
often make noise just before they fail, so you may want to back
up information just in case, and fans are very easy to replace.
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 Basic Network problems & Troubleshooting

1. ipconfig.
 Open the command prompt and type “ipconfig” (without
the quotes) into the terminal.
 The Default Gateway (listed last) is your router’s IP.
 Your computer’s IP address is the number next to “IP
Address.” If your computer’s IP address starts with 169,
the computer is not receiving a valid IP address.

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 Continued…

2. ping and tracert.

 If your router is working fine, and you have an IP address starting
with something other than 169, the problem’s most likely located
between your router and the internet. At this point, it’s time to use
the ping tool.

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 Continued…

3. Perform a DNS check.

Use the command “nslookup” to determine whether there’s a problem

with the server you’re trying to connect to. If you perform a DNS check
on, for example, google.com and receive results such as “Timed Out,”
“Server Failure,” “Refused,” “No Response from Server,” or “Network Is
Unreachable,” it may indicate the problem originates in the DNS server
for your destination

4. Contact the ISP.

If all of the above turn up no problems, try contacting your internet

service provider to see if they’re having issues.

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 New Computer Configuration

Always new computers comes from facility department it

should be configured by below actions:

 Installing licensed windows operating system

 Common software installation including Antivirus
 Joining the computer to the domain by our naming
standard.
 Allow Remote Desktop connection
 Creating Local User Account “ZemenAdmin” only

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 Installing licensed windows operating system

Steps:

1. Prepare bootable USB/CD drive using Rufus, Ventoy or

Command line tool.

2. Power on and click immediately F12/F9/ESC key to boot

the computer from bootable USB/CD drive.

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 Continued…

3. Choose USB storage from below boot option.

4. Window installation wizard appear click “Next”

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 Continued…

5. Click “Install now”

6. Click “I don’t have a product key” activation will proceed

after installation

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 Continued…

7. Choose Windows 10 professional edition.

8. Accept license term and click “Next”

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 continued…

9. Click Custom: Install Windows only (advanced).

10. Delete all old partitions and create “New” partition

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 continued…

11. Choose appropriate disk and click “Next”

12. Installation is processing

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 Continued…

13. finally, when the installation is finish, below window

loading to “Getting Ready”

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 Common software installation

In our standard it should be install the following software's

on new inspected computers but in exceptional manner
other software will be installed after security department will
approve by analyzing the risk :
 Adobe Reader
 Power Geez 2009
 Google Chrome Browser
 Office 2016
 Skype for business 2016
 WinRAR Archiver
 Symantec Antivirus

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 Adobe Reader Installation

Steps:
1. Go the Adobe Reader installation path and double click
2. The file begin the installation by extracting necessary
file

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 Continued…

3. After Extracting the setup click the check box to make it

Default PDF reader and leave the installation path as it is
then Click “Install”

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 Continued…

4. Finally click “finish”

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 Power Geez 2009 Installation

Steps:
1. Go to installation directory and double click setup file

2. License agreement window will appear click “Yes”

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 Continued…

3. click “Next” to start installation

4. Finally click “finish”

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 Google Chrome browser installation

Steps:
1. Go to installation directory and double click setup file

2. Installation wizard appear

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 Office 2016 Installation

Steps:
1. Go to installation directory and double click setup file

2. Accept license term

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 Continued…

3. Click “Install now”

4. Finally, you will get below window

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 Skype for business 2016 Installation

All steps are the same as office installation before

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 WinRAR Archiver Installation

steps:
1. Go to installation directory and double click setup file
2. Click “Install”

3. Once the installation finish click “OK”

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 Symantec Antivirus Installation

Steps:
1. Go to installation directory and click setup file
2. confirm installation by clicking “Yes”

3. Once the installation finished it asks to restart the

computer

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 Continued…

3. When the installation was successful you will confirm by

opening the application green status below.

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 Joining the computer to domain by our naming standard.

Steps:
1. Go to file explorer and right click on “This PC”

2. You will get below window and click “change settings”

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 Continued…

3. Then click “change”

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 Continued…

4. Fill computer name with our naming standard “W-XXX-

YYY-TAG”
W- refer Workstation
XXX- refer branch/head office
YYY- refer tag number

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 Continued…

5. When joining successfully the computer it asks to restart

the computer and click “Restart”

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 Allow Remote Desktop Connection

Steps:
1. Open file explorer and right click “This PC”

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 Continued…

2. Click “Remote Setting”

3. Then choose “Allow remote connection to this computer”

finally click “OK”

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 Creating Local User Account “ZemenAdmin”

All local user accounts should be disabled except

“ZemenAdmin”

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 New Printer Configuration

After we get the printer shared computer Hostname we can

call it from our computer by inserting the Hostname in the
Run like below:-

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 Printer…

• When we submit the Hostname in to run we get the

shared printer Name then Write Click on it connect

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 Printer..

• After connecting Double Click on it and print test page to

make it the Default printer

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 How to connect Networked printer

 First observe physically the Printer IP address

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 Networked Printer..

• Then go to Control Panel>Hardware and

Sound>Devices and Printers

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 Networked printer..

• When we select the printer that I want isn’t list the below
windows will appear

• Then select Add a printer using a TCP/IP address or

hostname and click Next
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 Networked Printer..

• Then Insert the IP address you observed on the

appeared screen like below and click Next

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 Networked Printer..

• Then when you click Next it will find the printer and
install it

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 Networked printer..

• Then you can Test print and make the printer default

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 New Email-outlook configuration and Support

Microsoft Office Outlook

In This Module We’ll Discuss About…

1.Configure Microsoft Outlook.

2.How to Archive Outlook Data.

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 Configure Microsoft Outlook

• 1.Click on the Quick Launch area or taskbar to the right

of [Start] in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen
• 2 if this is not showing, Then click on [Start] followed by
All Programs, Microsoft Office and finally Microsoft Office
Outlook

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 Configure outlook…..

when we are open the Outlook app for the first time we are
looking like the below screen.

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Configure outlook…..

When we are click Next the below page will come

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 Configure outlook…..

Then we will come to the End after we Click Next.

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 Configure outlook…..

Then you can see like the below configured Outlook

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 Email..

• Outlook status and update folders.

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 How to Archive your mailbox

1. Open Outlook 2016.

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 How to Archive your mailbox

• 3. Go to “Info” -> “Cleanup Tools” and Click “Archive”

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 How to Archive your mailbox

• 4. Select your mailbox and specify the date as shown

below. (Tip: Select a date 7 days back from today)

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 How to Archive your mailbox

• 5. Click “Ok” to archive email items older than the

specified date. See below.

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 How to Archive your mailbox

6. You can now find the archived items under “archives”

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 Skype for business Support

Commonly audio and mice setting support are requested in

our organizations. These are some of reasons :

 Audio driver is not installed :- install necessary audio

driver by downloading with desired computer model
 Audio and mice settings are not properly configured : -
configure proper audio and mice settings
 Stereo mix disabled by default :- enable by go to sound
setting.

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 Branch Opening Duties

If someone assign for branch opening tasks he is

responsible for the following actions:

 Hand over tele modem

 Assembling computers
 Configuring printers with computers
 Configuring access switches
 Installing necessary software's
 Testing connectivity
 Preparing inventory report

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 Any question?

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Thank You!