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UNIT-3 Dimensions of Physical Quantities

The document explains the concept of dimensions and dimensional formulas, which represent the powers of base quantities in physical quantities. It includes examples of dimensional formulas for various physical concepts such as mass, force, and energy, as well as rules for operations involving dimensions. Additionally, it discusses dimensionless quantities and provides examples for writing dimensional formulas for different physical quantities.

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sanjay2262006
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4 views

UNIT-3 Dimensions of Physical Quantities

The document explains the concept of dimensions and dimensional formulas, which represent the powers of base quantities in physical quantities. It includes examples of dimensional formulas for various physical concepts such as mass, force, and energy, as well as rules for operations involving dimensions. Additionally, it discusses dimensionless quantities and provides examples for writing dimensional formulas for different physical quantities.

Uploaded by

sanjay2262006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIMENSIONS & DIMENSIONAL FORMULA

Dimensions

Dimensions of a physical quantity are the powers (or exponents) to


which the base quantities are raised to express that quantity.
DIMENSIONS & DIMENSIONAL FORMULA

Dimensional Formula
The dimensional formula of any physical quantity is that expression
which represents how and which of the base quantities are included in
that quantity.

It is written by enclosing the symbols for base quantities with appropriate


powers in square brackets.

MASS [M1L0T0]

MOMENTUM [M1L1T-1]
FORCE [M1L1T-2]
DIMENSIONS & DIMENSIONAL FORMULA

Dimensional Equation
The equation obtained by equating a physical quantity with its
dimensional formula is called a dimensional equation.

For example:

[MASS] = [M1L0T0] is a Dimensional Equation.


DIMENSIONS & DIMENSIONAL FORMULA

MASS [M1L0T0]

LENGTH [M0L1T0]

TIME [M0L0T1]

TEMPERATURE [M0L0T0K1]

CURRENT [M0L0T0A1]

LUMINOUS INTENSITY [M0L0T0Cd1]

AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE [M0L0T0mol1]


Example
01 Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Speed 2. Acceleration

3. Force 4. Work
Example
02 Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Energy : KE or PE or Heat or Any Form

2. Power

3. Pressure
Example
03
Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Angle 2. Angular Velocity

3. Angular Acceleration 4. Tangential Acceleration


Example
Write the Dimensional Formula of
04

1. Torque

2. Moment of Inertia

3. Angular Momentum
Example
Write the Dimensional Formula of :
05
1. Gravitational Force

2. Universal Gravitational Constant

3. Orbital/Escape Velocity
Example Write the Dimensional Formula of :
06
1. Stress

2. Strain

3. Young’s Modulus
Example
Write the Dimensional Formula of :
07
1. Heat Current

2. Thermal Conductivity

3. Specific Heat Capacity


Example
08
Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Charge 2. Electric Field

3. Electric Flux 4. Electric Dipole Moment


Example
09
Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Voltage or Potential Difference

2. Electrical Resistance
Example
Write the Dimensional Formula of :
10
1. Magnetic Field

2. Magnetic Flux
Example Write the Dimensional Formula of :
11
1. Permittivity Constant

2. Dielectric Constant
Example
12 Write the Dimensional Formula of :

1. Permeability Constant

2. Planck’s Constant
DIMENSIONS IN CALCULUS

𝒅𝒏 𝒚 𝒚
=
𝒅𝒙𝒏 𝒙𝒏
DIMENSIONS IN CALCULUS

න 𝐲𝐝𝐱 = 𝐲𝐱
Example
13 Write the Dimensional Formula of :
𝒅𝒎
𝟏. 𝟐. න 𝒗𝒅𝒕
𝒅𝒕

𝒅𝟔 𝒙 𝒅𝒗
𝟑. 𝟒. 𝒗
𝒅𝒕𝟔 𝒅𝒙
RULE OF DIMENSIONS

Only SAME physical quantities can be added or subtracted.

A+B=C-D
DIMENSIONLESS QUANTITIES

Dimensionless Quantities are:

Ratio of physical quantities with same dimensions.

All mathematical constants.

All standard mathematical functions and their inputs


(exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric & inverse trigonometric).
Example
14 If dimensions of A and B are different, then which of the
following operations is valid ?

(1) 𝑨 + 𝑩 (2) A - B

−𝑨ൗ
𝑨
(3) 𝒆 𝑩 (4)
𝑩

Solution

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