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1
CHAPTER 9
9.1 (a)
0 2 6 x1 8
1 0 1 x 2
2
8 5 0 x3 13
0 2 6 0 1 8 40 6 10
(b) [ A][ A]T 1 0 1 2 0 5 6 2 8
8 5 0 6 1 0 10 8 89
9.2 (a)
[A] = 32 [B] = 33 [C] = 31 [D] = 24
[E] = 33 [F] = 23 [G] = 13
(d)
5 8 15 3 2 1
(1) [ E ] [ B ] 8 4 10 (2) [ A] [ F ] not possible (3) [ B ] [ E ] 6 0 4
6 0 10 2 0 2
28 21 49 25 13 74
(4) 7[ B] 7 14 49 (5) [ E ] [ B] 36 25 75 (6) C 3 6 1
T
14 0 28 28 12 52
9 2
54 76 4 1
(7) [ B ] [ A] 41 53 (8) D (9) [ A] [C ] not possible
T
3 7
28 38
6 5
66 19 53
(10) [ I ] [ B ] [ B ] (11) [ E ] [ E ] 19 29
T
46 (12) [C ]T [C ] 46
53 46 109
4 15 16 4
7 1 1 2
[ A][ B ] 8 29 [ A][C ] 24 4 [ B ][C ] [C ][ B]
5 1 2.5 7
9 29 2 10
Note: Some students might recognize that we can also compute [B][B] and [C][C]:
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2
2.5 9 10 6
[ B ][ B ] [C ][C ]
1.5 5.5 9 7
(b) [B][A] and [C][A] are impossible because the inner dimensions do not match:
(22) * (32)
9.4 The equations can be rearranged into a format for plotting x2 versus x1:
x2 3 0.5 x1
34 1
x2 x1
6 6
12
0
0 5 10 15
Therefore, the solution is x1 = 8, x2 = 7. The results can be checked by substituting them back into the
original equations:
9.5 (a) The equations can be rearranged into a format for plotting x2 versus x1:
x2 12 0.11x1
2
x2 10 x1
17.4
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 200 400 600 800
If you zoom in, it appears that there is a root at about (404.6, 56.5).
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3
56.6
56.55
56.5
56.45
56.4
404 404.5 405 405.5
The results can be checked by substituting them back into the original equations:
(b) The plot suggests that the system may be ill-conditioned because the slopes are so similar.
which is relatively small. Note that if the system is normalized first by dividing each equation by the largest
coefficient,
0.11x1 x2 12
0.11494 x1 x2 10
17.4(120) 10(174)
x1 404.6512
0.86
1.1(174) (2)(120)
x2 56.51163
0.86
1 1
A1 1(0) 1(1) 1
1 0
2 1
A2 2(0) 1(3) 3
3 0
2 1
A3 2(1) 1(3) 1
3 1
D 0(1) 2(3) 5(1) 1
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4
9 2 5
9 1 1
10 1 0 6
x1 6
D 1
0 9 5
2 9 1
3 10 0 8
x2 8
D 1
0 2 9
2 1 9
3 1 10 5
x3 5
D 1
(c) The results can be checked by substituting them back into the original equations:
2(8) 5(5) 9
2(6) (8) 5 9
3(6) (8) 10
9.7 (a) The equations can be rearranged into a format for plotting x2 versus x1:
x2 9.5 0.5 x1
x2 9.4 0.51x1
14.6
14.55
14.5
14.45
14.4
9.8 9.9 10 10.1 10.2
The solution is x1 = 10, x2 = 14.5. Notice that the lines have very similar slopes.
(c) The plot and the low value of the determinant both suggest that the system is ill-conditioned.
9.5(2) (1)(18.8)
x1 10
0.02
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5
0.5(18.8) (9.5)1.02
x2 14.5
0.02
9.5(2) (1)(18.8)
x1 10
0.02
0.52(18.8) ( 9.5)1.02
x2 4.3
0.02
The ill-conditioned nature of the system is illustrated by the fact that a small change in one of the
coefficients results in a huge change in the results.
10 2 1 27
3 6 2 61.5
1 1 5 21.5
Forward elimination: a21 is eliminated by multiplying row 1 by –3/10 and subtracting the result from row 2.
a31 is eliminated by multiplying row 1 by 1/10 and subtracting the result from row 3.
10 2 1 27
0 5.4 1.7 53.4
0 0.8 5.1 24.2
a32 is eliminated by multiplying row 2 by 0.8/(–5.4) and subtracting the result from row 3.
10 2 1 27
0 5.4 1.7 53.4
0 0 5.351852 32.1111
Back substitution:
32.1111
x3 6
5.351852
53.4 1.7(6)
x2 8
5.4
27 (1)(6) 2(8)
x1 0.5
10
(b) Check:
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6
8 2 2 2
10 2 4 4
12 2 2 6
12 2 2 6
10 2 4 4
8 2 2 2
Multiply row 1 by 10/12 = 0.83333 and subtract from row 2 to eliminate a21. Multiply row 1 by 8/12 =
0.66667 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a31.
12 2 2 6
0 0.33333 2.33333 1
0 0.66667 3.33333 6
Pivot:
12 2 2 6
0 0.66667 3.33333 6
0 0.33333 2.33333 1
Multiply row 2 by 0.33333/0.66667 = 0.5 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a32.
12 2 2 6
0 0.66667 3.33333 6
0 0 4 2
Back substitution:
2
x3 0.5
4
6 (3.3333)0.5
x2 6.5
0.66667
6 2(0.5) 2(6.5)
x1 1.5
12
Check:
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7
A1 2 1 2(0) (1)(2) 2
2 0
A2 1 1 1(0) (1)(5) 5
5 0
2 3 7
3 2 1
2 2 0 68
x1 0.985507
D 69
0 2 7
1 3 1
5 2 0 101
x2 1.463768
D 69
0 3 2
1 2 3
5 2 2 63
x3 0.913043
D 69
0 3 7 2
1 2 1 3
5 2 0 2
5 2 0 2
1 2 1 3
0 3 7 2
Multiply row 1 by 1/5 = 0.2 and subtract from row 2 to eliminate a21. Because a31 already equals zero, it
does not have to be eliminated.
5 2 0 2
0 2.4 1 2.6
0 3 7 2
Pivot:
5 2 0 2
0 3 7 2
0 2.4 1 2.6
Multiply row 2 by 2.4/(–3) = –0.8 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a32.
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8
5 2 0 2
0 3 7 2
0 0 4.6 4.2
Back substitution:
4.2
x3 0.913043
4.6
2 7(0.913043)
x2 1.463768
3
2 0(0.913043) (2)(1.463768)
x1 0.985507
5
(d) Check:
3(1.463768) 7(0.913043) 2
(0.985507) 2(1.463768) (0.913043) 3
5(0.985507) 2(1.463768) 2
2 6 1 38
3 1 7 34
8 1 2 20
8 1 2 20
3 1 7 34
2 6 1 38
Multiply row 1 by –3/(–8) = 0.375 and subtract from row 2 to eliminate a21. Multiply row 1 by 2/(–8) = –
0.25 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a31.
8 1 2 20
0 1.375 7.75 26.5
0 5.75 1.5 43
Pivot:
8 1 2 20
0 5.75 1.5 43
0 1.375 7.75 26.5
Multiply row 2 by –1.375/–5.75 = 0.23913 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a32.
8 1 2 20
0 5.75 1.5 43
0 0 8.108696 16.2174
Back substitution:
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9
16.2174
x3 2
8.108696
43 (1.5)(2)
x2 8
5.75
20 2(2) 1(8)
x1 4
8
(b) Check:
2 1 1 1
5 2 2 4
3 1 1 5
Normalize the first row and then eliminate a21 and a31,
1 0 4 6
0 1 9 13
0 0 2 10
1 0 0 14
0 1 0 32
0 0 1 5
1 1 1 3
6 2 2 2
3 4 1 1
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10
Forward elimination: a21 is eliminated by multiplying row 1 by 6/1 = 6 and subtracting the result from row
2. a31 is eliminated by multiplying row 1 by –3/1 = –3 and subtracting the result from row 3.
1 1 1 3
0 4 8 20
0 7 2 8
a32 is eliminated by multiplying row 2 by 7/(–4) = –1.75 and subtracting the result from row 3.
1 1 1 3
0 4 8 20
0 0 12 27
Back substitution:
27
x3 2.25
12
20 8(2.25)
x2 0.5
4
3 (1)(2.25) 1(0.5)
x1 0.25
1
1 1 1 3
6 2 2 2
3 4 1 1
6 2 2 2
1 1 1 3
3 4 1 1
Multiply row 1 by 1/6 = 0.16667 and subtract from row 2 to eliminate a21. Multiply row 1 by –3/6 = –0.5
and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a31.
6 2 2 2
0 0.66667 1.33333 3.33333
0 5 2 2
Pivot:
6 2 2 2
0 5 2 2
0 0.66667 1.33333 3.33333
Multiply row 2 by 0.66667/5 = 0.133333 and subtract from row 3 to eliminate a32.
6 2 2 2
0 5 2 2
0 0 1.6 3.6
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11
Back substitution:
3.6
x3 2.25
1.6
2 2(2.25)
x2 0.5
5
2 2(2.25) 2(0.5)
x1 0.25
6
1 1 1 3
6 2 2 2
3 4 1 1
Normalize the first row, and then eliminate a21 and a31,
1 1 1 3
0 4 8 20
0 7 2 8
1 0 1 2
0 1 2 5
0 0 12 27
1 0 0 0.25
0 1 0 0.5
0 0 1 2.25
9.14 In a fashion similar to Example 9.11, vertical force balances can be written to give the following
system of equations,
After substituting the known values, the equations can be expressed in matrix form (g = 9.8),
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12
55 1 0 0 0 a 449.55
75 1 1 0 0 T 627.75
12
60 0 1 1 0 T23 453.6
75 0 0 1 1 T34 591.75
90 0 0 0 1 T45 792.9
3 4 2 0
[ A] [ B]
0 1 1 0
2 1
{U } {V }
3 0
3x1 4 x 2 2 y1 2
x 2 y1 3
2 x1 3 y1 4 y 2 1
x1 y2 0
These can be solved for x1 = –0.53333, x2 = 1.6, y1 = 1.4, and y2 = –0.53333. Therefore, the solution is z1 =
–0.53333 + 1.4i and z2 = 1.6 – 0.53333i.
9.16 Here is a VBA program to implement matrix multiplication and solve Prob. 9.3 for the case of
[A][B].
Option Explicit
Sub Mult()
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim l As Integer, m As Integer, n As Integer
Dim a(10, 10) As Double, b(10, 10) As Double
Dim c(10, 10) As Double
l = 2
m = 2
n = 3
a(1, 1) = 1: a(1, 2) = 6
a(2, 1) = 3: a(2, 2) = 10
a(3, 1) = 7: a(3, 2) = 4
b(1, 1) = 1: b(1, 2) = 3
b(2, 1) = 0.5: b(2, 2) = 2
Call Mmult(a, b, c, m, n, l)
For i = 1 To n
For j = 1 To l
MsgBox c(i, j)
Next j
Next i
End Sub
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13
Sub Mmult(a, b, c, m, n, l)
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, k As Integer
Dim sum As Double
For i = 1 To n
For j = 1 To l
sum = 0
For k = 1 To m
sum = sum + a(i, k) * b(k, j)
Next k
c(i, j) = sum
Next j
Next i
End Sub
9.17 Here is a VBA program to implement the matrix transpose and solve Prob. 9.3 for the case of [A]T.
Option Explicit
Sub TransTest()
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim m As Integer, n As Integer
Dim a(10, 10) As Double, aT(10, 10) As Double
n = 3
m = 2
a(1, 1) = 1: a(1, 2) = 6
a(2, 1) = 3: a(2, 2) = 10
a(3, 1) = 7: a(3, 2) = 4
Call Transpose(a, aT, n, m)
For i = 1 To m
For j = 1 To n
MsgBox aT(i, j)
Next j
Next i
End Sub
Sub Transpose(a, b, n, m)
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
For i = 1 To m
For j = 1 To n
b(i, j) = a(j, i)
Next j
Next i
End Sub
9.18 Here is a VBA program to implement the Gauss elimination algorithm and solve the test case in the
problem statement.
Option Explicit
Sub GaussElim()
Dim n As Integer, er As Integer, i As Integer
Dim a(10, 10) As Double, b(10) As Double, x(10) As Double
n = 3
a(1, 1) = 1: a(1, 2) = 2: a(1, 3) = -1
a(2, 1) = 5: a(2, 2) = 2: a(2, 3) = 2
a(3, 1) = -3: a(3, 2) = 5: a(3, 3) = -1
b(1) = 2: b(2) = 9: b(3) = 1
Call Gauss(a, b, n, x, er)
If er = 0 Then
For i = 1 To n
MsgBox "x(" & i & ") = " & x(i)
Next i
Else
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14
Sub Pivot(a, b, s, n, k)
Dim p As Integer, ii As Integer, jj As Integer
Dim factor As Double, big As Double, dummy As Double
p = k
big = Abs(a(k, k) / s(k))
For ii = k + 1 To n
dummy = Abs(a(ii, k) / s(ii))
If dummy > big Then
big = dummy
p = ii
End If
Next ii
If p <> k Then
For jj = k To n
dummy = a(p, jj)
a(p, jj) = a(k, jj)
a(k, jj) = dummy
Next jj
dummy = b(p)
b(p) = b(k)
b(k) = dummy
dummy = s(p)
s(p) = s(k)
s(k) = dummy
End If
End Sub
Sub Substitute(a, n, b, x)
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer
Dim sum As Double
x(n) = b(n) / a(n, n)
For i = n - 1 To 1 Step -1
sum = 0
For j = i + 1 To n
sum = sum + a(i, j) * x(j)
Next j
x(i) = (b(i) - sum) / a(i, i)
Next i
End Sub
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15
9.19 The position of the three masses can be modeled by the following steady-state force balances
0 k ( x2 x1 ) m1 g kx1
0 k ( x3 x2 ) m2 g k ( x2 x1 )
0 m3 g k ( x3 x2 )
2kx1 kx2 m1 g
kx1 2kx2 kx3 m2 g
kx2 kx3 m3 g
20 10 0 x1 19.62
10 20 10 x2 29.43
0 10 10 x3 24.525
9.20 Here is MATLAB M-file function to implement the Newton-Raphson method to solve simultaneous
nonlinear systems:
function [x,f,ea,iter]=newtmult(func,x0,es,maxit,varargin)
% newtmult: Newton-Raphson root zeroes nonlinear systems
% [x,f,ea,iter]=newtmult(func,x0,es,maxit,p1,p2,...):
% uses the Newton-Raphson method to find the roots of
% a system of nonlinear equations
% input:
% func = name of function that returns f and J
% x0 = initial guess
% es = desired percent relative error (default = 0.0001%)
% maxit = maximum allowable iterations (default = 50)
% p1,p2,... = additional parameters used by function
% output:
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16
% x = vector of roots
% f = vector of functions evaluated at roots
% ea = approximate percent relative error (%)
% iter = number of iterations
if nargin<2,error('at least 2 input arguments required'),end
if nargin<3|isempty(es),es=0.0001;end
if nargin<4|isempty(maxit),maxit=50;end
iter = 0;x=x0;
while (1)
[J,f]=func(x,varargin{:});
dx=J\f;
x=x-dx;
iter = iter + 1;
ea=100*max(abs(dx./x));
if iter>=maxit|ea<=es, break, end
end
9.21 MATLAB M-files can be used to compute both the function values and the Jacobian as
function [J,f]=jfrain(x,varargin)
del=0.00001;
df1dx1=(f1(x(1)+del*x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f1(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(1));
df1dx2=(f1(x(1),x(2)+del*x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f1(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(2));
df1dx3=(f1(x(1),x(2),x(3)+del*x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f1(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(3));
df1dx4=(f1(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4)+del*x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f1(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(4));
df1dx5=(f1(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)+del*x(5),varargin{:})-...
f1(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(5));
df2dx1=(f2(x(1)+del*x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f2(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(1));
df2dx2=(f2(x(1),x(2)+del*x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f2(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(2));
df2dx3=(f2(x(1),x(2),x(3)+del*x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f2(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(3));
df2dx4=(f2(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4)+del*x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f2(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(4));
df2dx5=(f2(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)+del*x(5),varargin{:})-...
f2(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(5));
df3dx1=(f3(x(1)+del*x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f3(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(1));
df3dx2=(f3(x(1),x(2)+del*x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f3(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(2));
df3dx3=(f3(x(1),x(2),x(3)+del*x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f3(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(3));
df3dx4=(f3(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4)+del*x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f3(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(4));
df3dx5=(f3(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)+del*x(5),varargin{:})-...
f3(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(5));
df4dx1=(f4(x(1)+del*x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f4(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(1));
df4dx2=(f4(x(1),x(2)+del*x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f4(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(2));
df4dx3=(f4(x(1),x(2),x(3)+del*x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f4(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(3));
df4dx4=(f4(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4)+del*x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f4(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(4));
df4dx5=(f4(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)+del*x(5),varargin{:})-...
f4(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(5));
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual
may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the
publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their
individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
17
df5dx1=(f5(x(1)+del*x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f5(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(1));
df5dx2=(f5(x(1),x(2)+del*x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f5(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(2));
df5dx3=(f5(x(1),x(2),x(3)+del*x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f5(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(3));
df5dx4=(f5(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4)+del*x(4),x(5),varargin{:})-...
f5(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(4));
df5dx5=(f5(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5)+del*x(5),varargin{:})-...
f5(x(1),x(2) ,x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:}))/(del*x(5));
J=[df1dx1 df1dx2 df1dx3 df1dx4 df1dx5
df2dx1 df2dx2 df2dx3 df2dx4 df2dx5
df3dx1 df3dx2 df3dx3 df3dx4 df3dx5
df4dx1 df4dx2 df4dx3 df4dx4 df4dx5
df5dx1 df5dx2 df5dx3 df5dx4 df5dx5];
f11=f1(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:});
f22=f2(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:});
f33=f3(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:});
f44=f4(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:});
f55=f5(x(1),x(2),x(3),x(4),x(5),varargin{:});
f=[f11;f22;f33;f44;f55];
end
function f=f1(H,OH,cT,HCO3,CO3,KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2)
f = 1e6*H*HCO3/KH/pco2-K1;
end
function f=f2(H,OH,cT,HCO3,CO3,KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2)
f = H*CO3/HCO3-K2;
end
function f=f3(H,OH,cT,HCO3,CO3,KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2)
f = H*OH-Kw;
end
function f=f4(H,OH,cT,HCO3,CO3,KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2)
f = KH*pco2/1e6+HCO3+CO3-cT;
end
function f=f5(H,OH,cT,HCO3,CO3,KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2)
f = HCO3+2*CO3+OH-H;
end
A script can then be written to invoke the function developed in Prob. 9.20,
format short g
x0=[10^-7;10^-7;1e-5;2e-6;5e-11];
KH=10^-1.46;K1=10^-6.3;K2=10^-10.3;Kw=10^-14;pco2=315;
[x,f,ea,iter]=newtmult(@jfrain,x0,[],[],KH,K1,K2,Kw,pco2);
roots=x'
fprintf('Maximum relative error = %8.4g percent\n',ea)
fprintf('Number of iterations = %5d',iter)
pH=-log10(x(1))
This script, which was saved as Prob0921NM6.m can then be run to determine the roots and display the pH
>> Prob0921NM6
roots =
2.3419e-006 4.2701e-009 1.326e-005 2.3375e-006 5.0025e-011
Maximum relative error = 1.265e-012 percent
Number of iterations = 6
pH =
5.6304
PROPRIETARY MATERIAL. © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this Manual
may be displayed, reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the
publisher, or used beyond the limited distribution to teachers and educators permitted by McGraw-Hill for their
individual course preparation. If you are a student using this Manual, you are using it without permission.
Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
dicho señor Obispo el dicho Manuel de Rojas se junte con el provisor
para entender en lo en él contenido, e ansí visto por todos los
susodichos el dicho capítulo de carta mensiva[45] de Su Magestad el
dicho Manuel de Rojas é prouisor Sebastian Muñiz, dixeron á las
dichas personas que Su Magestad les mandaba que se juntasen con
ellos para platicar en cierto caso de indios como parecía por una
cédula de la Emperatriz Reina nuestra Señora, firmada de su Real
nombre é refrendada de Juan de Sámano su secretario, é señalada
de los del su Consejo, la cual se les mandó notificar é que conforme
a ella les mandaba que dixesen su parecer cerca de lo contenido en
la dicha cédula, é todos juntos, dos regidores e seis vecinos que
para ello fueron juntos, vieron e oyeron leer la dicha cédula y la
tomaron en sus manos e hicieron el acatamiento debido e dijeron
que en cuanto al cumplimiento de ella estan puestos de decir su
parecer con toda fidelidad que debian y eran obligados á Su
Magestad, e luego en presencia de mi el dicho escribano platicaron
gran rato en lo contenido en la dicha cédula, e fue acordado que
despues de hora de vísperas se tornasen á juntar en la posada del
dicho Manuel de Rojas e traerian pensado e acordado en lo que se
debía hacer.
E despues de lo suso dicho este dicho dia e mes e año
susodichos saliendo de vísperas se juntaron todos los susodichos en
la posada del dicho Manuel de Rojas e hablaron e platicaron en lo
susodicho e tornaron á ver la dicha cédula, la cual con lo que todos
juntos e concordes dixeron es lo siguiente:
«La Reina.=Reverendo Padre Fray Miguel Ramirez electo Obispo
de la isla Fernandina llamada Cuba y Abad de Jamaica, y Manuel de
Rojas lugarteniente de nuestro gobernador de la dicha isla. Yo he
sido informada que una de las cosas más evidentes que han causado
el alteracion e levantamiento de los indios desa isla ansi de los
recogedores que en ella han habido que cada vecino que tenía
alguna cantidad de indios tenía un español solamente para los
buscar e recoger e cuando se iban á otros caciques en cualquier
parte que los hallasen los volvian atados e maltratados, de que se
siguian los dichos indios alzarse á los montes, lo cual se escusará
mandando que los dichos indios no se pudiesen ir de los términos de
una villa á los de otra y que los vesitadores que los vesitasen, si
hallasen algunos indios allegados examinasen las causas que
tuvieron para se absentar de sus dueños, e paresciendo bastantes
por razon de malos tratamientos los dejasen conseguir aquel
remedio á manera de libertad, y paresciendo que se oviesen
ausentado sin justa causa los hiciesen volver á sus dueños, e
haciendo esto se conseguiría de los dichos indios que hay en esa isla
toda la manera de libertad que cupiese en sus capacidades y
siempre servirian doquier que estuviesen sin tener necesidad de ir á
los montes y serian mejor tratados por que cada uno de los que los
oviesen en encomienda procurarian de los tratar mejor que hasta
aquí lo han hecho; e visto e platicado por los del nuestro Consejo de
las Indias fue acordado que debia mandar esta mi cédula para vos,
por ende yo vos mando que luego que esta recibais veais lo
susodicho juntamente con dos regidores e seis personas de las mas
honradas y calificadas de esa isla, cual por vosotros fueren
señaladas é nombradas, la manera e orden que en lo susodicho se
debia tener e guardar de aquí adelante e enviadnos en el primer
navio vuestro parecer de lo que á todos vos pareciere que se debe
hacer e proveer para que visto por los del nuestro Consejo de las
Indias se provea lo que á nuestro servicio convenga, e entretanto
vos mandamos que hagais guardar e cumplir lo que ansi
proveyéredes e ordenáredes cerca de lo susodicho.=Fecha en
Segovia a quince dias de octubre de mill e quinientos e treinta y dos
años.=Yo la Reyna.=Por mandado de Su Magestad=Juan de
Sámano.»
E ansi leida, vista la dicha cédula de Su Magestad, los dichos
señores, concordes, dixeron que en cuanto á los recogedores que Su
Magestad manda que se vea si conviene que los haya e le envien el
parecer de todo lo susodicho como se contiene en la dicha cédula,
que su parecer es que á cabsa de haber los dichos recogedores,
recibieron mucho daño los indios vecinos desta isla, por haberse
seguido mucho daño con ellos e que no obstante que no los hay al
presente ni aun dias ha, que les parece que se pregone e mande
que de aquí adelante no haya los tales recogedores en esta dicha
isla, ni ningun vecino tenga tal recogedor español ni negros
salariados como lo solian haber.
E que en cuanto á lo que Su Magestad manda que si los indios se
fueren de una villa a los de otra, y que los visitadores que los
hallaren examinen las causas porque se absentaron, e examinados,
que hallando culpados a los que los tienen encomendados ó a sus
criados que los tratan, que en tal caso executen las penas de las
ordenanzas, con más la pena que le pareciere segun fuere el daño
que oviere fecho y que en lo demás, les parece mucho inconveniente
quedarse los indios en la parte donde fuesen fallados, porque se
recrecería alteracion entre los mismos indios, y cada dia procurarian
de se ir de unas partes á otras e por el consiguiente muchos
escándalos y pleitos entre los vecinos, diciendo que los unos á los
otros los sonsacan e atraen a sus haciendas para se servir dellos; e
lo firmaron de sus nombres segun de yuso se contiene.=Manuel de
Rojas.=Sebastian Muñiz, provisor.=Pedro de Paz.=Hernando de
Castro.=Andrés de Parada.=Francisco de Agüero.=García Lopez de
Arriaga.=Bernaldino de Quesada.=Antonio Velazquez.=Gonzalo de
Escobar.
E yo el dicho Gonzalo Diaz de Piñero, escribano de Su Magestad
e su notario público en la su corte e en todos los sus reinos e
señorios, e escribano de la Abdiencia e juzgado del dicho señor
Manuel de Rojas, lo susodicho fice escribir bien e fielmente segun en
ello se contiene e doy fé que conozco todas las personas que de
suso firmaron sus nombres e por ende por mandado de dicho señor
Manuel de Rojas e a ruego de los susodichos fiz aquí este mio signo
que es atal en testimonio de verdad.=Gonzalo Diaz, escribano de Su
Magestad.
210.