ART APP (8:30 – 10:00) (2202)

LESSON 1: UNDERSTANDING ART Newsprint Collage is

an Early Modernist
ART
Mixed Media artwork
- French word ‘art’ which means skill as a result of created by Ad
learning or practice. Reinhardt in 1940

- Latin word ‘ars’ which ability or practical skills. SCOPES AND

LIMITATIONS
- a product of man’s inventiveness and creativity.
SCOPE - a visual object, experience, systems,
- According to Susanne Lander, Art molds our methods and processes consciously created
actual life of feelings, by giving form to the world, it through an expression of skill or imagination.
articulates human nature, sensitivity, energy,
passion and mortality. LIMITATIONS - Everything has boundaries, even art.
At any given time, artistic experience is somehow
- generally understood as any activity or product limited. There are many different boundaries in art:
done by people with a communicative or aesthetic boundaries of style, material boundaries, cognitive
purpose. boundaries, aesthetic boundaries and so on.
ART IS AN EXPRESSION - Albert Einstein says, “Art USES AND FUNCTION OF ARTS
is the expression of the profoundest thoughts in the
simplest way.” 1. Personal or Individual Function
- Regardless of how social we think we are
ART IS A FORM OF COMMUNICATION - Historian and how dependent we are on others, we
Adam Lauder says, “Art is able to capture and have a private and separate
communicate nuances, paradoxes, unresolved or understanding of ourselves. We think of
unresolvable tensions, and ambiguities that exceed ourselves as unique, different,
ordinary communication,” exceptional in some ways, as if we have
ART AS CREATION - Aristotle defines art as “the thoughts unique only to us and no one
realization of a true idea in physical form”. else
2. Social Functions of Art
- There are countless but some of the reasons are - Many works of art are deliberately
making our surroundings more beautiful; creating designed to influence group thinking
records of a specific time, place, person or object; like:
and expressing and communicating ideas.

- Art is inspiring and stimulating for the human mind.

• Artists may try to make us laugh at the
ART IS PURPOSIVE - Kant defines art as “a kind of same phenomena.
representation that is purposive in itself and, though • Accept economic, religious, or social
without an end, nevertheless promotes the ideologies. • See our social situation in
cultivation of the mental powers for sociable ways which had not previously been
communication.” apparent
ART IS EVERYWHERE - Brandon Boyd once quoted 3. Psychological Function of Art
that “art is everywhere”. - Art is not a pastime or a leisurely activity.
Some important aspects are:
ART IS ART - Ad Reinhardt (1913–1967) the viewer's • self-identity
active engagement in the act of looking at and • actualization of self
experiencing “art as art.” As he declared and • remembering
everything else is everything else.” • hope
• avoiding sorrow
• rebalancing
• self-understanding
• growth
• appreciation
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4. Physical Function of Art • tourism
- Usually relates to items that can be used • engineering & technology
for a practical purpose because of their • computer software
physical structure, despite their artistic • construction
appeal. • advertising
• furniture and equipment 10. Political Function of Art
• leisure park development - The arts and politics have a strong
• gadgets and appliances relationship, particularly between
• Architecture and related fields of various kinds of art and power, occurs
design across historical epochs and cultures.
5. Historical Function of Art As they respond to contemporaneous
- Understand our human past and its events and politics, the arts take on
relationship to our present. Recording political as well as social dimensions,
and documentation. becoming themselves a focus of
- Learn about this rich and fundamental controversy and even a force of political
strand of human culture. as well as social change.
- Learn to talk and write about works of art
PHILOSOPHIES OF ART
from different periods and places
6. Cultural Function of Art The Intersection of Art and the Human Condition
- Art influences society by changing
opinions, instilling values and translating - Art has been a fundamental expression
experiences across space and time. It of the human experience throughout
allows people from different society and history. From cave paintings to modern
different times to communicate with installations, art reflects the human
each other via images, sounds and condition in a variety of ways. The human
stories enriching cultural worth. condition refers to the characteristics,
7. Religious Function of Art events, and situations that define
- As a stimulus for creativity and culture, human existence. It encompasses the
religion is the spiritual impulse that struggles and triumphs, joys and
conjoins humanity with divinity through sorrows, and everything in between.
spiritual experience, ceremony, and - Art provides a powerful lens through
mythology. Art and religion converge which to explore the human condition. It
through ritual practice and presentation allows us to express and examine our
of sacred narrative, thereby affecting "an deepest emotions, fears, and desires.
experience of the numinous" (Otto, Through art, we can confront difficult
1923). truths about ourselves and the world
8. Aesthetic Function of Art around us, and find solace in moments
- fascination with an aesthetic object of beauty and transcendence.
(high arousal and attention), THREE ASSUMPTIONS OF ARTS
- appraisal of the symbolic reality of an
object (high cognitive engagement), and 1. Art is Universal
a - Art immortalizes man and his marvelous
- strong feeling of unity with the object of achievements. Literature and history
aesthetic fascination and aesthetic provide us with all the evidence about
appraisal. the timelessness and universal value of
9. Industry and Economy Function of Art art and its unique contribution to
- Arts and Design can be classified as a mankind.
creative industry. Every industry no 2. Art is Not Nature
matter what its type can play a role in the - It is a self assumption that art is not
economic growth nature simply because the natural things
• manufacturing around us as we believe created by God
• entertainment is a work of art. Though man’s art may get
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from the nature or environment for reality but instead use shapes, colors, forms
inspirations, man most of the time deal and gestural marks to achieve its effect.
with the art using his own ability and
Aesthetic Theory:
skills to create one.
3. Art Involves Experience - Aestheticism was a late 19th century European
- All art involves experience. Experience is theory based on the idea that art exists for the sake
the actual doing of something. The of its beauty alone. Good judgements in aesthetics
perfection of art appreciation will never are grounded in features of artworks themselves, not
be possible without experiencing art. All just in us and our preferences.
art requires experience.
Aesthetic qualities
Philosophy in art
- are the qualities of an artwork that speak to the
- is the study of concepts and nature of arts such as: overall feeling or mood of the artwork. It’s when art
interpretation, representation and expression, and elements and principles come together to create a
form. It is closely sense of beauty, harmony and feel in the artwork.
related to aesthetics,
the philosophical study - Aesthetic perception according to form,
of beauty and taste. interpretation, and context of an artwork.

1. interpretation Portrait of Ambroise Vollard is an oil-on-canvas

painting by Pablo Picasso, 1910
- Interpretation in art
refers to the attribution
of meaning to a work. A
point on which people
often disagree is Art is life, no matter how fragile the times. Art is a
whether the artist’s or author’s intention is relevant testimony of the human condition. It encompasses
to the interpretation of the work. all of our hardships, emotions, questions,
decisions, perceptions. Love, hatred, life, death.
TWO BRANCHES Essentially the way in which we perceive our world,
Intentionalism – Concerned with the artist’s every aspect of humanity can be expressed through
intention. art.

Anti-intentionalism – Rejecting the relevance of the Art is Life. Life is Art.

artist’s intention. “ART IS NOTHING MORE THAN THE SHADOW OF
2. representation HUMANITY”

- It’s a type of description or portrayal of the artist in -HENRY JAMES-

the artwork in which revolve around creating
visceral, intimate worlds that reach far beyond mere
reproduction of the subjects in the physical world.

BRANCHES

1. Realism – Sometimes called naturalism, in

the arts is generally the attempt to represent
subject matter truthfully.
2. Impressionism – Impressionist art were not
trying to paint a reflection of real life, but an
'impression' of what the person, light,
atmosphere, object or landscape looked like
to them.
3. Abstraction – Art that does not attempt to
represent an accurate depiction of a visual
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LESSON 2: THE ART PROCESSES COMPOSITIONS

ARTIST - is anyone capable of conceptualizing an - The structure of an artwork refers to the

emotion, idea, or moment, or of more value, composition of finished artwork assembled in
someone who can express themselves using their harmony by necessary elements based on artist’s
imagination. A person who creates art like painting, critical taste, planning, and decision making to
sculpture, music, writing and etc. create thereby a composition of a masterpiece.

ARTISAN - are dedicated solely to creative work 1. Elements of Art

meant for appreciation, while artisans produce both
- The structure of an artwork refers to the
functional and decorative objects. Key differences
composition of finished artwork assembled in
include artists focusing on aesthetic value while
harmony by necessary elements based on artist’s
artisans emphasize functional value.
critical taste, planning, and decision making to
- A worker in a skilled trade, especially one that create thereby a composition of a master piece.
involves making things partly or entirely by hand and
• Line - can be vertical, diagonal, horizontal, and
according to Merriam-Webster it is a worker who
even curved. It can be any width, size, shape,
practices a trade or handicraft, a craftsperson hence
position, direction, interval, or density.
a skilled artisan.
• Shape - if a line were to curve around and
- An artisan has both the creativity and the skill to
eventually cross itself, the enclosed area is called a
make a useful functional and decorative product
shape. Shapes can either be in irregular or regular
that includes skilled artists, performers,
geometric form
technicians, builders and much more.
• Form - connotes something that is three-
- Artisans are necessary for economic growth
dimensional having length, width, and height. A form
around the world. Today, it is no longer unusual to
can be geometric or organic and is also used to
find women entering artisan fields such as welding,
describe the physical nature of the artwork not only
boiler making, building, carpentry and more.
in paintings but in architecture and sculpture as
SIMILARITIES - In both worlds artists and artisans is well.
described as the performer or creator of tangible or
• Value - The light or dark quality of a color. When
intangible quality or artistic products or outcomes.
black is added to a color the value of that color is
Both are also innovative in their use of imagination
darkened. When white is added to a color the value
powered by creativity. Both artists and artisans are
is lightened or tinted. Value is best seen in black and
also seen as legitimate inventors, creators and
white photography
composers in their own right.
Variance in Value:
DIFFERENCES - Artists and artisans obvious and
sometimes delicate differences or subtle • Chiaroscuro – balance of light and shadow.
distinctions lies in the quality or artistic
achievement together with function. • Sfumato – gradual blending of light and shadow.

ARTIST - creates because of desire. His artifact • Caravaggio – heavy shadow against light.
exists purely to excite the imagination, stimulate the • Color - is often one of the most exciting elements
senses of both creator and patrons. Though the in art. In both figurative and abstract painting, color
artwork or product could be classified as “useless” can be used for its decorative beauty, to create
but this doesn’t mean in a negative sense. It simply mood and to express or arouse an emotion. In nature
mean that they do not have a “purposeful function” and in art, color has a profound effect on the viewer.
other than in the beauty itself.
Characteristics of Color:
ARTISAN - on the other hand, create objects, not
only of beauty, but of purpose. They produce items Hue – the color itself.
that are useful or functional that usually includes a Value – dark or light quality of color.
touch of beauty making it an extra artistic touch.
Intensity – brightness or saturation of color
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Basic Categories of Color: • Emphasis - is a strategy that aims to draw the
viewer's attention to a specific design element. That
1. Primary – yellow, red, and blue.
could be to an area of content, to an event, to an
2. Secondary – mixture of two primary colors makes image, to a link, or to a button, etc. The aim is to
orange, purple, and green create a focal point in the design, an eye-catching
part that stands out, distinct from the rest of the
3. Intermediate – mixture of one primary and design elements.
secondary color makes blue-green, yellow-green,
yellow-orange, red-orange, red-violet, and blue • Contrast - refers to the arrangement of opposite
violet. elements and effects. For example, light and dark
colors, smooth and rough textures, large and small
• Space - refers to the distance or area between, shapes. Contrast can be used to create variety,
around, above, below, or within things. Negative visual interest, and drama in an artwork.
space in a painting is any volume or air that is not
occupied by a solid form, positive space is any • Pattern - can have multiple meanings and
space in a painting that is filled with something, elements in design. Repetition focuses on the same
such as lines, colors, shapes or designs. object being repeated. Patterns are made up from
different components which are then repeated in the
Picture Plane within a Space same way throughout the design.
1. Foreground – nearest to the viewer • Movement - is the path the viewer's eye takes
2. Middle ground – layer next to foreground through the work of art, often to focal areas. Such
movement can be directed along lines, edges,
3. Background – layer after the middle ground shape, and color within the work of art. The main
• Texture - it describes the feel of surfaces like goal is for the artist is to direct the viewers eye
smooth, rough, soft, hard, cold, warm, etc. For movement through an entire piece to rest on the
example the optical sensation of the surface of the focus of interest
wood and how it feels even without touching it. • Rhythm - suggests movement or action. Rhythm is
• Time & Motion - is employed in both static and in usually achieved through repetition of lines, shapes,
time based mediums and can show a direct action colors, and more. It creates a visual tempo in
or the intended path for the viewer's eye to follow artworks and provides a path for the viewer's eye to
through a piece. Techniques such as scale and follow. Rhythms help to guide the viewer's eye
proportion are used to create the feeling of motion around a piece rather than allowing the eye to settle
or the passing of time in static visual artwork. on a particular focal point.

2. Principles of Design 3. Creativity in Art

- When you look at a piece of artwork, the first thing - Art and creativity are two different concepts. Yes,
you will notice is the composition of the they are correlated, but one does not imply the other
masterpiece. The principle of design is an artistic at least, not automatically, or one is less than the
arrangement of the desired composition according other in value.
to the following: - The skill of being creative develops curiosity and,
• Balance - in design covers how the visual weight of along with it, brings new opportunities forward.
elements are balanced with each other on both - Being creative means seeking ways to change the
sides of a design to create cohesiveness, normal and think out of the box. Linking creativity
completion, and satisfaction. To achieve optimal with persistence can result in art, which is the result
balance, your composition should be balanced of creativity and constant effort combined.
vertically, horizontally, diagonally, or background - Motivation has to be another element in the
versus foreground process of creation for art to result.
• Unity - is the principle of design that unifies all - There cannot be art without creativity, but creativity
other principles within a piece of work, allowing can exist without art.
each individual element to coexist with one another
to form an aesthetically pleasing design.
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Creativity by means of envisioning ideas is likely a • Intelligent – creative people are intelligent.
choice between to create a new one and or recreate Though high level of IQ is a plus, most people are
and improve the present ideas. intelligent enough in creative thinking and smart to
create new ideas.
How to be a Creative Artist?
• Disciplined - creativity happens unexpectedly, so
1. Opened to play - Artists will be the explorer who
whenever an artist is under any circumstances, he or
never stops. They will not be taken back by previous
she is ready to somehow make a note or record the
discoveries or preconceived notions. Creative
ideas in any way possible.
artists will succeed because they are continuously
open to new possibilities, won’t see failure as a Composition is one of the most important skills for
drawback but rather as a means of achieving any one to learn about art making. It’s all about how
greatness by becoming aware of what could to decide what to include and exclude, and how to
improve. arrange it all to create functional and beautiful
objects for our own benefits.
2. Artist’s emotion - We all know that artists,
whether self-taught or otherwise, are creative, “THE TRUE WORK OF ART IS BUT A SHADOW OF
emotional, and often sensitive people. Most creative THE DIVINE PERFECTION”
individuals share in common with the artist’s
-MICHELANGELO-
success and it depends on the degree to which they
develop these traits. LESSON 3: PHYSICAL AND NONPHYSICAL
CONSTRUCT OF ART
3. A constant desire to create - A creative people
are constantly engaging in creating something new. IMAGINATION IN ART
They don’t wait for something to happen or for the-
right-moment to pass by. They are creating - Imagination is associated with creativity since it is
circumstances for the creation and, therefore, through imagination where ideas, feelings or images
increase their chances of success in whichever they are initially put together in the artist’s mind.
are doing. - Imagination - Visualizing the unseen or impossible
CREATE PROCESS things or envisioning ideas that are not present in
reality or wanting it to happen or exist.
Step1, Preparing for creation - This does not mean
waiting for the right time to come to take action - The imagination of the artist/creator may be in the
instead preparing yourself for a long ride and form of imaging or picturing, feeling, or thinking what
understand where your motivation comes from. It the work of art will become. The artists may also use
means that you are taking in the arguments for which their imagination on the possible alternatives to
you are starting the process and what benefits this what they have finished at every step of the process.
creative process will bring to you. 8 SUBSEQUENT IMAGINATIONS IN ART
Step2, Incubating selected ideas - This is time to 1. Effectuated Imagination: It allows the artists to
brainstorm ideas and see what you want to create. synthesize existing ideas together from existing
What are the best ideas you came up with, and why information.
do you think that they are good? But most
importantly, how will you act on them? 2. Intellectual or Constructive Imagination: The
artist is able to work from an existing plan or a
Step3, Implementing chosen ideas - This is the definite idea and is guided towards a distinct
time for the nitty gritty of production, the actual purpose. Intellectual imagination is a very
making, everything between production and conscious and deliberate process.
creating the final master copy or outputs.
3. Imaginative Fantasy: This is when you’re able to
• Energetic - creative people are energetic generate new ideas from scratch and can be guided
physically and mentally utilizing it to conceptualize or unguided. This is what most writers and artists are
ideas. good at. We usually have a moment of inspiration
and go off to explore wherever the fantasy may take
us.
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4. Empathy: This is a capacity that human beings Expression hold its power and ability to inspire,
have to mentally detach from ourselves and create joy, and provoke thought. Art is an expression
experience what another person is experiencing of the human experience, and its value lies in its
from their point of view. It allows us to take an ability to bring people together and to evoke
imaginative stroll in someone else’s shoes. emotion.

5. Strategic Imagination: It’s the ability to spot 2. Expression of Mind:

opportunities and visualize what might happen if you
Reflection of Thoughts - Art is an expression of our
were to take them. People who have an excellent
thoughts, emotions, intuitions, and desires, but it is
strategic imagination will have a realistic
even more personal than that: it's about sharing the
understanding of their own skills, and be able to spot
way we experience the world, which for many is an
opportunities to develop.
extension of personality.
6. Emotional Imagination: The artists has to know
3. Communication:
how to create or project fear, how to create sadness,
laughter and how the artist’s possess the ability to Interpreting Imagery - Art teaches communication
play on those emotions to generate form and by providing another way of portraying feelings,
structure that plays into this facet of audience’s ideas, and arguments to an audience besides
mindsets. words. Also, it asks viewers to relate symbols and
other abstract connections together to interpret a
7. Dreams: These are an unconscious form of
meaning from imagery.
imagination that we do when we’re asleep.
Scientists are still deciding what these crazy little 4. Expression of Character:
night visions are all about, but for those of us that
dream, it can be a fun and sometimes scary way to Nature of things - Any moral message in the work
access our imagination interpret them in an art form. should not, therefore, affect the overall value of the
artwork in its aesthetics quality, either positively or
8. Memory Reconstruction – When we retrieve our negatively. Artist’s and patrons of the arts also want
memories of people, objects and events we use our to protect their creation from censorship. If an
imagination to regenerate the images. Memories are artwork is judged only on the basis of its aesthetic
subconscious stored bits of information dragged qualities, it should not be condemned for its moral
into our conscious brain and our imagination often message.
fills the gaps where memory hasn’t been curated
properly. 5. Expression of Beliefs and Ideas:

“IMAGINATION IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN Philosophical Interpretation - In many cultures, art

KNOWLEDGE” is used in religion, spiritual or magical rituals,
performances and dances as a decoration or
-EINSTEIN- symbol of a god or other divine quality.
Anthropologists however knows that this expression
EXPRESSION IN ART
often serve a purpose at the level of meaning within
Expression - Individual expression of art, it reflects a particular culture or social norms
the artist’s personal thoughts, ideas, style and
6. Expression of Feelings:
feelings.
Natural release or reactions - Expression of
Art is an expression made visible by a form or
feelings often defined as a showing of emotion that
nonphysical structure. Art as a piece is an
come from the inner world. Expression is the natural
expression of the artist and the artist is an expresser
or intentional reaction in which emotional
to convey ideas or create meaning
processes are made and reflected as a concrete
SIX AREAS OF EXPRESSION phenomenon.

1. Expression of life:

Human experience - Art can be used as a way to

connect with ourselves and the audience.
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METHODS OF PRESENTING SUBJECTS Religious - It represents events objects and persons
related to religious beliefs and practices
Portraiture - Specifically referring to depiction of
human male and female. ‘The Transfiguration’ is the
last painting by the Italian
‘Self-Portrait with Thorn
High Renaissance master
Necklace and Hummingbird’
Raphael. 1516
is a 1940 painting by Mexican
painter Frida Kahlo.

Still-life - It represents a piece that features an Mythological, it represents supernatural events or

arrangement of inanimate objects as its subject. fantasy depiction of people, places and objects.

‘Still Life with a Greek sculpture of

Turkey Pie’ is a Ocean god, named
1627 painting by ‘Marforio’ or
the Dutch painter ‘Marphurius’,
Pieter Claesz located in Rome,
Italy. Classic
mythology in art.
Landscape - is strictly referring to land and water
Abstraction, Art that has no real subjects or
sceneries and forms. Seascape and cityscape is
representation is an abstract, a total departure from
also an acceptable term in specifying particular
reality
sceneries.
White Center (Yellow, Pink and
‘The Bridge at Narni’ is an
Lavender on Rose) is an abstract
1826 painting of the Ponte
painting by Mark Rothko completed
d'Augusto at Narni by
in 1950.
French artist Jean-
Baptiste-Camille Corot.

Flora and Fauna - artworks representing daily life. MEDIUMS, THEMES & FOCAL POINTS

‘The Morning in a Pine Medium refers to the art materials and tools and
Forest’ is a painting by other supplies
Russian artists Ivan
- Medium in art is the material that artists use to
Shishkin and
create their art. One piece of art can be made of one
Konstantin Savitsky,
medium or could be made by several media if
1889
several medium is applied to it. The more you know
Country Life - artworks representing daily life about the properties of various mediums, the wider
activities. your artistic horizons are.

‘The Fall of
Icarus’ portraying
life by theriver
and abundant
land to farm by
Pieter Bruegel, COMMON MEDIUMS IN MAKING AN ART
1560
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Watercolors, they are unpredictable. It is hard to Mediums and technique are essentials in creating
change the way it is going to disperse once it is art. During and every after artwork is done, you will
applied on the paper. Once you master the skill and surprisingly realize these three level of
the courage, you will realize that watercolors is one measurement in evaluating your own
fun art medium in making art. improvements:

Pastels, chalk pastels are great for creating 1. Genuineness

textures, blending colors, and layering. This medium
2. Aesthetic quality
in art is known as luminous and tender. The powder
used for pastel pencils and chalks is a pigment itself, 3. Mastery of skill
that is why the colors are deep, and the effect is
stunning. THEMES AND FOCAL POINTS

Ink is a convenient and affordable art medium. It The subject matter is what the work is actually
comes in the form of a graphic, fountain, drawing, "about", while the theme defines the "story" behind
reed, and drafting pens or simply ballpoint pens. Ink a work in a particular genre or style, or with a
goes as paint in small bottles too. It can be used for particular motif or look. Examples are as follows:
drawing as well as calligraphy and writing. 1. Identity
Pencils, colored pencils are not for kids alone. There 2. Power
is no such thing as a ‘childish’ medium because
everything depends on how you use it. Pencil 3. Stories/Historical
artwork has deep, and luminescent effect aside 4. Science/Knowledge
from it is convenient to use and affordable art
medium. 5. Place, object, people

Mixed media is the incorporation of two or all media 6. Religion

of your choice together in a unique way. This
7. Life and Death
technique is enjoyable because it allows you to
experiment and can take numerous forms, and there 8. Memory
are no limits for your imagination to explore
9. Social Experiences
Techniques of Arts
10. Conflict / Adversity
Technique refers to how the desired materials are
“Focal point” is that area of a picture that attracts
used or applied to make an art piece.
the eye. The center of interest acts as an “attention
Technique, style, your look, whatever you want to getter.” It commands the viewer's curiosity or mental
call it is as individual as your signature and your art concentration, and it's the part of the picture that we
skill should be your identity. Learning the find naturally fascinating and want to know more
fundamentals is simple to do, but like all art, they about
require a lot of practice to master
5 COMMON FOCAL POINTS
Drawing is one of the most basic ways to exercise
1. UNUSUAL
your creativity in executing technique. Whether
you’re using a pencil, pen, crayon, or even your 2. CONTRAST
fingers, the skills you gain from the activity translate
3. PLACEMENT
to a bevy of different media. But once you do, you’ll
have the ability create images you’re truly proud of. 4. ISOLATION
- To learn how to handle a particular medium takes a 5. COVERGENCE
few hours of practice. One needs to open their mind,
heart, and emotions to feel what is right. Let intuition
take over, to listen to their gut, let your hand and
fingers do the work and surprisingly, technique will
come out naturally
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Composition is one of the most important skills for 3. Narrative Art tell stories or making statements.
any one to learn about art making. It’s all about how Some communities commissioned narrative murals
to decide what to include and exclude, and how to for buildings (wide walls for example) to depict local
arrange it all to create functional and beautiful historical or other documental narratives.
objects for our own benefits.
4. Functional Art - Functional art seeks to beautify
“ART IS NOT WHAT YOU SEE BUT WHAT YOU MAKE objects that are useful in everyday life. Many of the
OTHERS TO SEE” objects we use – including pottery, quilts, baskets,
furniture (serve a useful purpose) but are also
-EDGAR DEGAS-
designed or Southwest Indian Pottery decorated in a
LESSON 4: THE ARTS MEDIA way that is artistically pleasing.

Visual Arts are arts that meet the eye and evoke an 5. Persuasive Artworks promotes ideas,
emotion through an expression of skill and philosophies or products also marketing,
imagination. They include the most ancient forms, advertising, propaganda and visual messages of
such as painting and drawing, and the arts that were ideology fall into this category.
born thanks to the development of technology, like
THREE MAJOR VISUAL ART FORMS
sculpture, architecture, printmaking, photography,
film making and installation art. 1. Painting is a visual art, which is characterized by
the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or
Creating Visual Arts: In general, there are five
other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix“,
“stages” in the creative process but not necessarily
‘support’ or ‘base’). The medium is commonly
present in every output neither in a certain order
applied to the base with a brush, but other
whenever applied in one project. These five stages
implements, such as knives, sponges, and
are as follows:
airbrushes, may be used.
 inspiration,
- “Process painting” is making the experience of
 percolation, painting more important than the outcome. The goal
of process painting is the creative act itself, without
 preparation, concern for talent, skill or accomplishment.
 creation, and 2. Architecture - Architecture is considered a visual
art and is regarded as the ultimate physical art form
 reflection
by many. It highlights the idea that designing a
FIVE PURPOSE OF VISUAL ARTS building is more than just a functional structure but
it is a form of artistic expression.
1. Ceremonial art is made to commemorate or
celebrate something important in the culture in - Today, architecture is considered the mother of all
ritual or worship or in personal life. arts because it combines artistic and aesthetic
beauty combined with scientific and mathematical
- Public art that is ceremonial in nature includes
precision in the process of engineering design and
statues of events or people, often of historical
building the structure.
relevance. The People Power Monument and other
structures and sculptural objects for example - The art and technique of designing and building, as
symbolizes freedom or serves as a landmark for the distinguished from the skills associated with
city of Dasmariñas construction. The practice of architecture is
employed to fulfill both practical and expressive
2. Art created for Artistic Expression focuses on
requirements, and thus it serves both utilitarian and
the artist most of all self-expressions of his/her
aesthetic ends.
personal, internal emotions, feelings, experiences
or ideas. This type of art is called “The Masters of
Augusta” - Rick Rush, 1997.

- This may include abstract expression or

nonobjective art
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3. Sculpture - Sculpture is a form of artistic Music is heard and appreciated using the following
expression that involves modelling, sculpting or
 words,
carving stone, wood or other materials. Sculpture art
is considered an expression through the use of  sounds,
volume and space at any given materials or ‘base’
example wood, marble, clay and etc.  tones,

- The most common importance of sculpture is to  pitches,

represent many aspects of our lives and the society
 volumes,
we belong in the form of symbolism
 tempos,
Merlito “Noy” Gepte: Award
Winning Filipino Sculptor –  melodies, and
Jenny's Serendipity Art Blog
 harmonies.

- Just as the medium of visual art is sight, so the

Four ways to create sculpture: medium of auditory art is ‘sound’ unlike the visual art
is seen thru the finished physical object.
 Carving
In Music, auditory elements involves the
 Assembling
organization and qualities of musical sounds
 Modeling and
 rhythm,
 casting
 Dynamics,
Three Forms of Sculpture:
 Melody,
 Relief,
 harmony,  timber, and
 Bust and
 texture.
 Statue
‘Music Scoring’ whether in theater, opera or in
movies is the core function of the whole production
to provide atmosphere and ambience, accenting
scenes or acts and transitions with music to set
appropriate mood.

‘Sound Score Technique’ are often taken for

granted in film, but it plays a huge role in setting the
scene, communicating the narrative, and letting you
know how the characters are feeling.

Performing Arts

- Present in all human culture, performing arts is a

form of creative activity that is performed in front of
THE AUDITORY & PERFORMING ARTS an audience, which includes basically:  drama, 
music, and  dance.
Auditory Art Forms
Other forms such as:  Spoken Poetry  Cinema
- auditory art is art that is heard at one particular
Arts  Amusement Arts  Performance Art 
time. Auditory art includes languages, literature, Literary Arts
narratives, poetry, prayers, proverbs, and music.
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Drama arts - art is a form of narrative performed on 7. Latin
a stage in front of an audience. These stories and the
8. Pop
way they are portrayed manifest in a wide variety of
styles, also known as genres. The two oldest genres 9. Rock
are tragedy and comedy and are still popular theme
to theater productions at present. 10. R&B

Example of a Drama Production 11. Rap

- From Lualhati Bautista's novel Desaparesidos, a 12. Reggae

2018 stage play production in times of political Example of Music Ensemble
turmoil which took place during the 1970s
- Founded in 1973, the Philippine Philharmonic
Music is a form of art that uses sound organized in Orchestra is the resident symphony orchestra of the
time. Music is also a form of entertainment that puts Cultural Center of the Philippines.
sounds together in a way that people like, find
interesting or dance to. Most music includes people Dance is the art form in which human movement
singing with their voices or playing musical becomes the medium for sensing, understanding,
instruments like the piano, guitar, drums, violin, etc. and communicating ideas, feelings, and
experiences. Dance has its own content,
Guido D'Arezzo: Medieval theorist of the 11th vocabulary, skills, and techniques, which must be
century Arezzo was an Italian and pedagogue of the understood and applied to be proficient in the art.
medieval era and laid the foundations for music. He
is regarded as the inventor of modern staff notation Contemporary dance began at the start of the 20th
that replaced the predominate pneumatic notation century when US dancer Isadora Duncan (1878 -
and was thus massively influential to the 1927) broke away from ballet and developed her
development of Western musical notation to this own, more natural style. Contemporary dance has
day. many different styles, some of them closely linked to
music, such as jazz, rock and roll, and hip-hop. Later
The Seikilos epitaph is the oldest surviving on the world hailed her as the founder and “Mother
complete musical composition, including musical of Modern Dance”.
notation from the 1st or the 2nd century CE. The
song was found engraved on an ancient marble Martha Graham May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991 - was
column as a marker to a woman’s gravesite in Turkey. an American modern dancer and choreographer.
‘I am a tombstone, an image,’ reads an inscription. Her “Graham technique” is a modern dance
movement style and pedagogy she created. The
MUSIC GENRES - According to the popular music Graham technique has been regarded as the
streaming service ‘Spotify’, there are over 1,300 "cornerstone" of American modern dance, and has
music genres in the world. A music genre is a been taught worldwide
conventional category that identifies some pieces of
music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of Example of Hip-hop Dance Ensemble
conventions. It is to be distinguished from ‘musical Upeepz won the gold medal in 2016, Mega Crew,
form’ and ‘musical style’, although in practice these International Dance Hip-hop Competition. The team
terms are sometimes used interchangeably. was known for their urban choreography and street
TOP 12 culture advocacy

1. Blues Spoken Words poetry is an art that focuses, at its

core, on the words themselves. One quality of
2. Classical spoken word artists is they tend to have a general
3. Country passion for vernacular and vocabulary. A quality
spoken word artists tend to have is a commanding
4. Electronic stage presence, though its not always innate, its
learned
5. International

6. Jazz
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Gilbert Scott-Heron was an American soul and jazz 3 METHODS OF PERFORMANCE ART
poet, musician, and author, known primarily for his
1. Motion
work as a spokenword performer in the 1970s and
2. Steady Act
1980s. Scott-Heron’s poetry collections to name a
3. Free flow
few include Small Talk at 125th and Lenox: A
- Artistic expressions that are created
Collection of Black Poems (1970) and So Far, So
spontaneously, without strict adherence
Good (1990).
to predefined rules or structures.
Cinema/Film/Movie, though art cinema is often
Literary Arts
defined as an artistic or experimental work
expressing symbolic meaning through the medium - So it can be concluded that literary art is something
of film. It is ambiguous, aesthetically rich, and in the form of writing or stories that have artistic and
complex and is now considered as the highest form cultural value that displays the beauty of speech and
of performing arts. language to convey certain meanings.
Amusement forms of arts: Art means the expression of human feelings that
have beauty value.
a. Magic and Illusion – It is a type of performing art
that entertains audiences. It is done by a skilled Literature is an absorption word means guide,
magician or an illusionist. guidance or order in the form of text or voice.
b. Mime – the act of using movements of your hands Genres
and body, and expressions on your face, without
speech, to communicate emotions and actions or to a. Fiction – literature created from the imagination,
tell a character or a story. not presented as fact, though it may be based on a
true story or situation.
c. Puppetry – the making and manipulation of
puppets for use in some kind of theatrical b. Nonfiction – a genre of literature based on facts,
performance, for stage, television, or film. A puppet actual events, or real people contrasting imaginary
is a figure— human, animal, or abstract in form— settings, events, and characters.
that is moved by human effort, not mechanical aid. c. Drama – the portrayal of fictional or non-fictional
d. Circus Act – a type of performance art that events through the performance of written dialog
focuses on various aspects of physical movement, (either prose or poetry) and can be performed on
strength, and endurance, and the ranges possible stage, on film, or radio.
for the human body and physique. d. Poetry – written in verse that uses figurative
Performance Art is a form of arts practice that language, or language that can have different
involves a person or persons undertaking an action meanings from what is literally said, to give multiple
or actions within a particular timeframe in a shades of meaning to a word or a phrase.
particular space or location for an audience (most of e. Folktale – the traditional beliefs, stories,
the time live audience). Central to the process and customs, and legends, transmitted orally, from
execution of Performance Art is the live presence of generation to generation.
the artist and the real actions of his/her body, to
create and present an ephemeral art experience to a THE NEW MEDIA ARTS
live audience.
New Media Arts - Since the 1960s, artistic work or
Main characteristic of Performance Arts: The practice that uses digital or computer technology as
primary medium and conceptual material on which part of the creative or presentation process is either
Performance Art is based is the artist’s own body called ‘computer art’ or ‘digital art’. Later part it was
especially facial expressions. Other key defined as ‘digital media art’. Today it is now placed
components are time, space and the relationship under the larger umbrella term the ‘new media art’.
and connection between performer and audience.
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Remarkable Impacts of New Media Arts to
Contemporary Arts
- The impact of digital technology has
transformed human art expressions such as
painting, drawing and sculpture, music and
literature even in architecture. The use of new
tools which become very helpful for the artists
not only to enhance but to make artwork in a
more creative process towards innovative and
unexplored paths.
1. Architecture
- 3D Printing
2. Movies/Films
- Green Screen CGI Effects
3. Advertising, internet portals, systems
programming, etc.
Impact of AI in the Society
- AI has the potential to bring about numerous
positive changes in society, including enhanced
productivity, improved healthcare, and increased
access to education. AI-powered technologies can
also help solve complex problems and make our
daily lives easier and more convenient

- In AI, algorithms are programmed using vast

amounts of data, which may contain inherent biases
from historical human decisions. Consequently, AI
systems can perpetuate gender, racial, or
socioeconomic biases, leading to discriminatory
outcomes in areas such as hiring, lending, and
criminal justice.