“wr Iv “Try sui G Waves Suuge- sudden fnercase tn vel and cworenf thot typically sreult fiom sponsfent event. These. Surges con be cawe veriad phenomen, Tebdan dighting b strikes, obctitcht operatton er other UY Aisturbone ta system Baser Sgptem panafent- \ Suge . 1D very foot Short ckt fonsient > medium Tromient? stability ! > slow “NKIZ8 yy [Vel 20" long Tl Lo Vex) qe BCs ee Tt) ve +IR ute =) 21 SS Tivol gt HNwWY for. lossless Une Ze = ML T= I inor)lg 24 for Lossters Une “i791 re we = SBS Be othe fio Wajid fr Sah Olt 20 7 15 Veltingts2 deereani velinge fs Pace ces : Te > B= {Yee e = end © Source to Recetui age teacrds reefuing nd tke Mo = incident waur. or incident voltage Vetbage fs decreant 4 Mis Feldected une | Wx) = ew Cae 5 (exé xp WL locd bo source or reflected Voltage te| etn Sark = y= Malu" Ty ou+t! Ml a Mae Veron abou fs called trenomitted coffieient of, votlbage-f villa M +Va t ; f° ae cdewing ky u \ a ' vie au! ew wie vl oY Wi 2 pete cdae Weoze Vy Atze Ate ZZe ba titles Binh e SS ? Reftcetedd coef fretent of eurge: 4 for current 9 De Mio sy We -Tze se i T=M ss Me TZ Ze an! 2e i sez. Gate | y Replecbect cofficies | } | “EE age * Repractey oF Tronancltte eet brcient | x Ate | ookY eee Sen “a ! IMoor 4) | Coble ™ ow | NY. 220 2 2X5P ge. 28K i 7 Atte Yso * ' | 1 j Suppose 5 Lf r | looky | i t yous, Sos fon |S \ Ben re SO | vi 2 2xle ‘ | Mi 60 vir | yl = 2x10 x2222 > Hy KU ; | Go , |=> hen fanamission LPne 4s termineted ¥hr00-9h shork circeitt af one end or load enol then , | Zz. 0 4) | N" = 2% 20 i vA AtzZ i | Me Bz. ea NA ss ; > lead end fs fermineted Mrewgh 2 thductaneey ce t, sada ge gist® | wily, ce Ju t2o Vc Wea { Serge fm pectenco ~ pit charactstt) fmpedenco fh cape eae Pi is called surge impectonce C25) For lossion Une, | ery hats | A ok bee = + i of eguili bPrtum ° ; i 1 a 2 4 pune, Lay a UP et OF | OV | m2 OS—er = ee eee ue 7, cy 1 a (E 5surqe fmpederice tb inclafreng of fength ' , es 9 > Fer orcrhead Son D> Per Cnrelar arround abe Reheetion end bonamission of Fravetteng Wane uncer AifernE (tne wleading: © < aT Se e line terminated Fe open cet: Vig A 8 (put) t Za Yo Be ot 1 © Une termineteal to ep’ che - Pb Tab NE | CHEN 2h end calortate all oiteyent x Reo *Une js termi ia ea by Surge impedence “=2c Cput) and caleutofe atl toetpuentWere eorabron— ; “DAssime frat line Js made op of short Section of length R= Resisteunce of line per unit (engl Le trauctence of tine ere Capoccteunce of Line . G = shant capacitance ef Gne c Rx Ldz VOct+de) COxF dx) ve Vout) = FCx te) Cunent C(t) > Slat) vettoge al neighbouring Reta} destence Cardy) the ssen.cting end gs VCxrdx) By Taylor's theorem, voerda) © Vey + ode ae Bluray) = tery 43k de -@ ax The difference tn Voltage jie the end of seetron ts obuiounly duc lo Ho vetiege dxop tn the Herstence Rde € indeceteenee Lite - Ve (vr eae) i 6 fax) fr Lede de (Raxt+ Ldx ae La —Civ aecurrent aiffercnes Aw too end © @uvent {Thewgh! Gace a. : : oo - rs ai-dx) - a4xv+ (4x) av naf= av+ Cdy —@ ax ay | is For (vss few Line , R=o G=o avs - Lat — wv), Bx, iat ar, -cay! — WW eq) (Y) A1UD)), and tort ae {i tuate s} bet nl] ax oboe a BE A coy — way DHE — : ¢ aw a ony fa 24 Vir), av - Levy Du of Leer ae ae Csimilenty) Above_con ane dranetling wae” 25,7 Vo city 0 ation~, general fore of wane ea , Bye dt ey Dae Ue St a: 0) ay Fhe ae I From d) and (i Up = teak a ware Welsely of peopagitroy 3 apied at whith ein crest, a a dspende on and capacitanceSeatey Latirce - ah ov on tec ‘aeflcethons takes * Place Power system rcpeal ref, | tohen ey exist terminals , guncttom + shower ong. tissmilan discontt nutied + Keg | let uw consrder care of a short ebte connected by | & merhead Hane hating» \ Ze sarge Pmpedence of overhead ine | 2 > Surge impedence ‘of cable ' Si= Whe fo cable, teffectron coefisrcie Ss = Gible te Une » 9 Tr = Une bo cable tanamitted coxfcient T 2! Gabte: be ities > Hy jt Te = Tronamission coepigcient at fern end ¢ ‘ . iv on Une (4) ge Ce) i Se for end J 4 t . y von Rela) es) en2 This proces will continue and the amplitude Of succersfuc venue tm cable Cy derrcane : > Aldous cragram 4& catlecl Latttec téagrem | *t tebeake d veflection: (> Phe lalttee dtiagrem prowfdes the study of effect of Here repeated tof tect ton: _ Meltrige ttme graph - ( » 3 Pe i At Heme T i i aT > mre 1 BT 3 ste yar 3 BuUuer «2 pry > Suecenriue amplitudis of reflection rs dcereontng- lattice drogen of cearrenf can aloo be drawn stmilar manner. gE