22

Three Dimensional
Geometry
1. If a line makes angles α ,β , γ with the positive 3. If a line makes angles 90°, 135° and 45° with
directions of X , Y and Z-axes respectively, the positive directions of X , Y , Z-axes
then the value of sin 2 α + sin 2 β + sin 2 γ = respectively. Then, its direction cosines are
......... [17 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
[17 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
-1 1  1 1 
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) -1 (a)  0, ,  (b)  0, , 
 2 2  2 2
Sol. (b) -1 - 1 1 - 1
(c)  0, ,  (d)  0, , 
Direction cosines will be (cosα , cosβ , cos γ)  2 2  2 2
So, cos2 α + cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1
Sol. (a)
⇒ sin2 α + sin2 β + sin2 γ = 2 Given angles made by line with axes are
2. The direction cosines of the line which is α = 90°, β = 135°, γ = 45°
perpendicular to the lines with direction So, direction cosines are,
cosines proportional to 1, - 2 , - 2 and 0 , 2 , 1 cosα = cos 90°= 0
is given by [17 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] 1
cosβ = cos135°= -
2 1 2 -2 -1 -2 2
(a) , , (b) , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3 1
cos γ = cos 45°=
2 1 -2 2 -1 2 2
(c) , , (d) , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3
4. The distance of the plane 2 x - y - 2z - 9 = 0
Sol. (d) from the origin is ........ units.
Let l , m, n be the direction cosines of the required [17 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
line.
(a) 3 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 9
Since, it is perpendicular to the lines whose
direction cosines are proportional to1, - 2, - 2 and Sol. (a)
0, 2, 1 respectively Distance of plane Ax + By + Cz + d = 0 from (x1 y1 z1)
Thus, l - 2m - 2n = 0 and 2m + n = 0 is given by
On solving Ax1 + By1 + Cz1 + D
d=
l m n
= = A 2 + B2 + C 2
2 -1 2
By comparision, substituting values
Thus, DR’s of required line are proportional to
(2, -1, 2) 2 × 0 + (-1)(0) + (-2)(0) - 9 -9
d= = = 3 units.
2 1 2
Hence, direction cosines are =  , - ,  9
2 2 2
2 + (-1) + (-2)
 3 3 3
Three Dimensional Geometry 305

5. If origin is the centroid of the triangle PQR direction ratios of line joining points (–1,–2,1) and
(1, 2,l) is –2,–4,1–l.
with vertices P(2 a , 2 , 6), Q(- 4 , 3 b, - 10) and
∴ Both line segments are parallel, so
R(8 , 14 , 2 c), then the values of a, b, c
k - 4 -4 -4
respectively are [17 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] = = ⇒ k = 2 and l = 5
16 16 -2 -4 1 - l
(a) 2, ,-2 (b) -2, - ,-2 ∴ k+ l = 7
3 3
16 16 8. Equation of the line passing through the
(c) - 2 , - , 2 (d) - 2 , , - 2
3 3 intersection of the plane x + 2 y + 3 z = 4 and
Sol. (c) x -1 y +1 z -1
the line = = and parallel to
Centroid is given by, 2 1 -1
x + x2 + x3 the vector (2 !i - 3 !j) × (i! + 2 !j - k! ) is
x= 1
3
[18 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
y1 + y2 + y3
y= x- 5 y-1 z+1 x- 5 y-1 z-1
3 (a) = = (b) = =
z1 + z2 + z3 3 2 -7 -3 -2 7
z= x- 5 y-1 z+1 x- 5 y-1 z+ 1
3 (c) = = (d) = =
-3 -2 -7 -3 2 7
Using values given,
0=
2a - 4 + 8
⇒a = - 2 Sol. (c)
3 The general point p on the line
2 + 3b + 14 -16 x -1 y + 1 z -1
Also, 0= ,b= = = =r (Let) …(i)
3 3 2 1 -1
6 - 10 + 2C is P(2r + 1, r - 1, 1 - r).
and 0= ,c=2
3 Let the point P is the intersection of line (i) and
6. Which of the following is false? the plane x + 2y + 3z = 4, so
[18 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] 2r + 1 + 2r - 2 + 3 - 3r = 4 ⇒ r=2
1. If (a , b, c) are direction ratios of a line, So, point P(5, ⋅1,-1)
then a 2 + b2 + c 2 ≠ 1. !i !j !
k
2. The direction cosines of a line can be its !
Now, (2!i - 3!j) × (!i + 2!j - k) = 2 -3 0
direction ratios but not vice-versa. 1 2 -1
3. If (l , m , n) is one set of direction cosines,
then (- l , - m , - n) is also a valid set. ! (4+ 3) = 3!i + 2!j + 7k
= !i (3) - !j(–2) + k !
4. If (l1 , m1 , n1) and (l2 , m2 , n2) are direction ∴ Equation of required line is
cosines of perpendicular lines, then x - 5 y -1 z + 1
= =
l1 l2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = 1. 3 2 7
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 x - 5 y -1 z + 1
or = =
Sol. (d) -3 -2 -7
If the direction cosines of two perpendicular lines 9. The equation of the plane through the
are l1 , m1 , n1 and l 2 , m2 , n2, then intersection of the planes x + 2 y + 3 z - 4 = 0
l1 l 2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = 0. and 4 x + 3 y + 2 z + 1 = 0 and passing through
7. If the line joining the points (k ,3, 4), (4 , 7 , 8) is the origin is ......... [18 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
parallel to the line joining the points (a) 17 x + 14 y + 11z = 0 (b) 7 x + 4 y + z = 0
(- 1, - 2 , 1), (1, 2 , l) , then k + l = (c) x + 14 y + 11z = 0 (d) 17 x + y + z = 0
[18 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] Sol. (a)
(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) - 3 Required Equation of plane is given by,
Sol. (c) (x + 2y + 3z - 4) + λ (4 x + 3y + 2z + 1) = 0 …(i)
The direction ratios of line joining points (k,3,4) Since above plane passing through (0, 0, 0)
and (4,7,8) is k–4, –4, –4 and similarly the - 4 + λ ()
1 =0 ⇒ λ=4
306 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

Put λ = 4 in Eq. (i) (a) 9, 6,- 2 (b) -9, - 6,2

(x + 2y + 3z - 4) + 4 (4 x + 3y + 2z + 1) = 0 (c) -9, 6, - 2 (d) 9, - 6, - 2
17 x + 14 y + 11 z = 0 Sol. (c)
Hence, option (a) is correct. Direction cosines of a line are given as
10. The feet of perpendicular from the point 9 6 2
- , ,- respectively, so the direction ratios
A(1, 0, 3) to the join of the points B(4 , 7 , 1) 11 11 11
and C (3, 5, 3) is [21 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] are -9, 6, -2 respectively.
5 7 17 10 17 6 Hence, option (c) is correct.
(a)  , ,  (b)  , , 
3 3 3   3 3 3 13. The line segment joining the points A(2,3, 4)
1 3 1 3 7
(c)  0, ,  (d)  , ,  and B(- 3 ,5 , - 4) intersects yz-plane at the
 2 2  5 5 5 point [21 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
Sol. (a) 19 4
(a)  0, ,  (b) (0, 4, 5)
Since equation of line joining points B(4, 7, 1) and  5 5
C(3, 5, 3) is 14
(c)  9, ,4 (d) (0, 0, 0)
x - 4 y - 7 z -1  5 
= =
4- 3 7- 5 1- 3 Sol. (a)
x - 4 y - 7 3 -1 Let yz-plane intersects the line joining points
⇒ = = =λ (let) …(i)
1 2 -2 A(2, 3, 4) and B(-3, 5,-4) in the ratio λ :1 at point
Now the general point over the above line (i) is M, then
P(λ + 4, 2λ + 7, 1 - 2λ) -3λ + 2 5λ + 3 -4λ + 4 
M  , , 
Let point P is the foot of perpendicular of point  λ +1 λ +1 λ +1 
A(1, 0, 3) over the line (i), so " On yz-plane, x-coordinate = 0
AP ⊥ line ⇒ λ = 2/ 3
⇒ (λ + 4 - 1)(1) + (2λ + 7 - 0)(2) 19 4
+ (1 - 2λ - 3)(-2) = 0 So, point M have coordinates  0, , 
 5 5
⇒ λ + 3 + 4λ + 14 + 4λ + 4 = 0 ⇒ 9λ + 21 = 0
Hence, option (a) is correct.
7
⇒ λ=-
3 14. If two lines are parallel to each other, then
∴ The coordinate of point P is which of the following is true? (if (l1 , m1 , n1)
and (l2 , m2 , n2) are direction cosines of the
 4 - 7 , 7 - 14 , 1 + 14  =  5 , 7 , 17 


   two lines). [21 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
3 3 3 3 3 3
(a) l1 l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 0 (b) Σ(l1 l2 - m2 m1 )2 = 0
Hence, option (a) is correct.
l m n
(c) 1 = 1 = 1 (d) l1l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = 1
11. The equation of the plane whose intercepts l2 m2 n2
on x , y , z axes are 1, 2, 4 respectively is
Sol. (c)
[21 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
The two lines having direction cosines l1 , m1 , n1
(a) 4 x + 2 y + z = 4 (b) 4 x + 2 y + z = 2
and l 2 , m2 , n2 respectively are parallel to each other,
(c) 4 x + 2 y + z = 1 (d) x + 2 y + 4 z = 0 then
Sol. (a) l1 m1 n1
= =
Equation of plane having intercepts with l 2 m2 n2
co-ordinate axes as 1,2, 4 respectively is Hence, option (c) is correct.
x y z
+ + = 1 ⇒ 4 x + 2y + z = 4 15. Equation of the plane passing through the
1 2 4
x -1 y - 2 z - 5
Hence, option (a) is correct. intersection of the lines= =
1 2 -3
12. The direction cosines of a line are x +5 y- 4 z+3
-9 6 -2 and = = and parallel to the
, , respectively. Then its direction 3 -1 4
11 11 11 xy-plane is [22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
ratios are [21 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] (a) z = 4 (b) z = 2 (c) z = 5 (d) z = -5
Three Dimensional Geometry 307

Sol. (c) 2x - 3y + 6z + 21 = 0
Equation of given lines and 2x - 3y + 6z - 14 = 0
x -1 y - 2 z - 5 | 21 - d | | d + 14 |
= = = r1 (let) ...(i) So, = ⇒ 21 - d = d + 14
1 2 -3 4 + 9 + 36 4 + 9 + 36
x+ 5 y-4 z+ 3 7
and = = = r2 (let) ...(ii) ⇒ 2d = 7 ⇒ d =
3 -1 4 2
are intersecting lines, then on equating the ∴Equation of required plane is
parametric points on lines, we get 4 x - 6 y + 12 z + 7 = 0
r1 + 1 = 3 r2 - 5 18. The points (5, - 4 , 5), (-3, - 3, 2) and (-1, - 6 , 8)
2r1 + 2 = - r2 + 4
form …… [22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
and - 3 r1 + 5 = 4 r2 + 3 (a) an isosceles triangle
So on solving, r1 = 0 and r2 = 2 (b) an equilateral triangle
∴Point of intersection is A(1, 2, 5). (c) a right-angled isosceles triangle
Now the equation of plane parallel to xy-plane and (d) a right-angled triangle
passes through point A is z = 5.
Sol. (a)
Hence, option (c) is correct.
Given points A(5, - 4, 5), B(- 3, - 3, 2) and
16. Find the angle between the planes C(- 1, - 6, 8)
x + 2 y + 2 z - 5 = 0 and 3 x + 3 y + 2 z - 8 = 0 ∴ AB = 64 + 1 + 9 = 74
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
BC = 4 + 9 + 36 = 7
3  13 
(a) cos 
-1
 (b) cos -1   and
 22   3 22  CA = 36 + 4 + 9 = 7
1  13 " Length of sides BC and CA are equal, but
(c) cos -1   (d) cos -1  
 3 22   31 BC 2 + CA2 ≠ AB2
∴∆ABC is an isosceles triangle.
Sol. (b)
Equation of given planes are 19. Two lines whose direction cosines are given
x + 2y + 2 z - 5 = 0 by al + bm + cn = 0 and fmn + gnl + hlm = 0
and 3x + 3y + 2 z - 8 = 0 are perpendicular to each other if ………
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
So, angle between them is
f g h f g h
 (3 × 1) + (3 × 2 ) + (2 × 2 )  (a) + + =0 (b) - - = 0
θ= cos- 1   a b c a b c
 32 + 32 + 22 12 + 22 + 22  f g h f g h
(c) + - =0 (d) - + = 0
a b c a b c
 13 
= cos- 1  
 22 (3)  Sol. (a)
13  Let the direction cosines of lines are l1 , m1 , n1 and
⇒ θ = cos - 1   l 2 , m2 , n2.
 3 22 
Since, al + bm + cn = 0 and, fmn + gnl + hlm = 0
17. The equation of the plane mid-parallel to the So, on eliminating ‘l’, we get
planes 2 x - 3 y + 6 z + 21 = 0 and bm + cn 
2 x - 3 y + 6 z - 14 = 0 is given by ……… fmn + (gn + hm) -  =0
 a 
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
⇒ afmn = bhm2 + cgn2 + (bg + ch) mn = 0
(a) 4 x + 6 y - 12 z + 7 = 0
2
(b) 4 x - 6 y - 12 z - 7 = 0 m m
⇒ bh  + (bg + ch - af)  + cg = 0 having
(c) 4 x - 6 y + 12 z + 7 = 0  n  n
(d) 4 x + 6 y + 12 z - 7 = 0 m1 m
roots and 2 , so
Sol. (c) n1 n2
Let equation of plane 2x - 3y + 6z + d = 0 is mm cg
product of roots = 1 2 =
equidistance from two parallel planes n1 n2 bh
308 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

←
Æ
Similarly on eliminating ‘m’, we get Dr’s of AB = (9 - 12, 13 - 21, 15 - 10)
al + cn 
gnl + (hl + fn) -  =0 = (-3, - 8, 5) = (3, 8, - 5)
 b  ←
Æ
⇒ bgnl = ahl 2 + cfn2 + (ch + af) ln = 0 Equation of line AB is
2 x - 9 y -13 z -15
l l = = =λ
⇒ ah  + (ch + af - bg)  + cf = 0, having roots 3 8 -5
 n  n
x-9 y - 13 z - 15
l1 l ll cf = λ, = λ, =λ
and 2 , so product of roots 1 2 = . 3 8 -5
n1 n2 n1 n2 ah
x = 3λ + 9, y = 8λ + 13, z = - 5λ + 15
" The lines are perpendicular.
∴Q = (3λ + 9, 8λ + 13, - 5λ + 15)
∴ l1 l 2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = 0
Dr’s of PQ = (3λ + 9 - 5, 8λ + 13 - 7, - 5λ + 15 - 3)
⇒  cg + cf + 1 n n = 0 ⇒ f + g + h = 0
  Dr’s of PQ = (3λ + 4, 8λ + 6, - 5λ + 12)
 bh ah  1 2 a b c ←
Æ
Since, AB ⊥ PQ
20. The cartesian equation of a line
∴ a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 = 0
2 x - 3 = 3 y + 1 = 5 - 6 z. The vector equation
3(3λ + 4) + 8(8λ + 6) - 5(-5λ + 12) = 0
of the line passing through the point
9λ + 12 + 64λ + 48 + 25λ - 60 = 0 ⇒ λ = 0
(7, - 5, 0) and parallel to the given line is
Put, λ = 0 in Q
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
∴ Q = (9, 13, 15)
(a) r = (5!i - 7 !j ) + λ(3!i + 2 !j - k! ) ∴ Foot of Perpendicular Q = (9, 13, 15)
(b) r = (7 !i + 5!j ) + λ (3!i - 2 !j + k! ) Hence, option (d) is correct.
(c) r = (7 !i - 5!j ) + λ(3!i + 2 !j - k! )
22. The Cartesian equation of the line passing
(d) r = (- 5!i + 7 !j ) + λ (-3!i - 2 !j - k! ) through the point (-1, 3 , - 2) and
Sol. (c) x y z
perpendicular to the lines = = and
Equation of given line is 1 2 3
2x - 3 = 3y + 1 = 5 - 6z
x +2 y -1 z +1
= = is
3 1 5 -3 2 5 [22 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
x- y+ z- x-1 y + 3 z-2 x-1 y+ 3 z - 2
2= 3= 6 (a) = = (b) = =
3 2 -1 2 7 4 -2 -7 -4
x+ 1 y + 3 z+ 2 x+1 y - 3 z+ 2
∴Equation of line passes through point (7, - 5, 0) (c) = = (d) = =
! is 2 7 4 2 -7 4
and having parallel vector 3!i + 2!j - k
!)
r = ( 7 !i - 5!j ) + λ( 3!i + 2 !j - k
Sol. (d)
P = (-1, 3, - 2)
21. The foot of perpendicular from (5, 7 , 3) to the Let dr’s or required line be (a , b , c)
join of (9 , 13 , 15) and (12 , 21, 10) is ……… x y z
Dr’s of line = = are (1, 2, 3)
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] 1 2 3
(a) (-2, - 19, 7 ) (b) (2, 19, 7 ) Given that required line perpendicular to above line
(c) (2, 2, 3) (d) (9, 13, 15) ⇒ a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 = 0
Sol. (d) ⇒ a + 2b + 3c = 0 … (i)
Let A = (9, 13, 15) Similarly required line perpendicular to
x + 2 y -1 z + 1
P = =
-3 2 5
⇒ -3 a + 2 b + 5 c = 0 … (ii)
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
A B a b c
Q = =
(x, y, z) 10 - 6 -9 - 5 2 + 6
B = (12, 21, 10) a b c
⇒ = =
P = (5, 7, 3) and Q = (x , y, z) 2 -7 4
Three Dimensional Geometry 309

∴ Required line is passing through (-1, 3, - 2) and 6m + 3n

= 2 ⇒ 6m + 3n = 2m + 2n
having dr’s (2, -7,4) m+ n
x +1 y - 3 z + 2 m 1
∴ = = 4m = - n ⇒ =-
2 -7 4 n 4
23. The direction cosines of two lines are ∴ m: n = -1: 4
3 1 3 - 3 1 3 We know that,
, , and , , . Then the If point P divides a line segment in the ratio of
2 4 4 2 4 4 m : n, then its harmonic conjugate will divide same
angle between the lines is equal to segment in the ratio of - m : n
[22 Sep. 2020, Shift-II] ∴ Required ratio = - m : n = 1 : 4
∴ Required harmonic conjugate
(a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 45° (d) 90°
 mx 2 + nx1 my2 + ny1 mz2 + nz1 
Sol. (b) = , , 
 m+ n m+ n m+ n 
Given,
1(6) + 4(3) 1(-17) + 4(-2) 1(-4) + 4(2) 
 3 1 3 - 3 1 3 =  , , 
Dr’s are  , ,  and  , ,   1+ 4 1+ 4 1+ 4 
 2 4 4   2 4 4 
18 -25 4   18 4
=  , ,  =  , - 5, 
∴ Angle between lines is  5 5 5  5 5
cos θ = |l1 l 2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2| Hence option (d) is correct.
3 3 1  1  3  3
-  +   +   25. If P(-3, - 2, 4), Q(-9 , - 8 , 10) and R(-5, - 4 , 6)
2  2  4  4 4  4 
are collinear, then the ratio in which R
-3 1 3 -3 1
= + + = + divides PQ is [23 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
4 16 16 4 4
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
1
cos θ = ⇒ θ = 60° (c) 3 : 1 (d) 1 : 3
2
Hence, option (b) is correct. Sol. (a)
Given, P = (-3, -2, 4)
24. The harmonic conjugate of (2, 3, 4) with Q = (-9, -8, 10)
respect to the points (3 , - 2 , 2) and (6 , - 17 , - 4) R = (-5, -4, 6)
is [22 Sep. 2020, Shift-II]
Let R divide PQ in the ratio of K :1
1 1 1
(a) (11, - 16, 2 ) (b)  , ,  kx + 1 x1 ky2 + 1 ⋅ y1 kz2 + 1 ⋅ z1 
 2 3 4 ∴ R =  2 , , 
 k +1 k +1 k +1 
18 -5 4 
(c) (0, 0, 0) (d)  , ,  k (-9) + (-3) k (-8) + 1(-2) k (10) + 1.4 
 5 1 5 (-5, - 4, 6) =  , , 
 k+1 k+1 k+1 
Sol. (d) -9k - 3
∴ -5 =
Let A = (3, - 2, 2) k +1
B = (6, -17, -4) ⇒ -5k - 5 = - 9k - 3
P = (2, 3, 4) 1
4k = 2⇒ k =
Let P divides AB in the ratio of m : n. 2
 mx + nx1 my2 + ny1 mz2 + nz1  ∴ Required ratio is 1 : 2
P= 2 , ,
 m+ n m+ n m + n  Hence, option (a) is correct.
 m(6) + n(3) m(-17 ) + n(-2) 26. The angle between the lines with direction
(2, 3, 4) =  , ,
 m+ n m+ n ratios (2 , - 2 , 1) and (1, - 2 , 2) is
m(-4 ) + n(2)  [23 Sep. 2020, Shift-I]
 4 8
m+ n  (a) cos  
-1 
(b) cos -1  
 9  9
 6m + 3n -17m - 2 n -4m + 2 n  π π
(2, 3, 4) =  , , (c) (d)
 m+ n m+ n m + n  6 2
310 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

Sol. (b) 29. The plane 3 x + 4 y + 6 z + 7 = 0 is rotated

(2, - 2, 1) (1, - 2, 2)
Given, Dr's are and about the line r = (!i + 2 !j - 3 k! ) + t(2 !i - 3 !j + k! )
a1 b1 c1 a 2 b2 c 2
Angle between line is until the plane passes through origin. The
a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 equation of the plane in the new position is
cosθ = [20 April 2019, Shift-I]
a1 + b12 + c12 a 22 + b22 + c 22
2

(2) (1) + (-2)(-2) + (1)(2) 8 (a) x + y + z = 0 (b) 6 x + 3 y - 4 z = 0

= = (c) 4 x - 5 y - 2 z = 0 (d) x + 2 y + 4 z = 0
4+ 4+ 1 1+ 4+ 4 3⋅ 3
8 8 Sol. (a)
cosθ = ⇒ θ = cos-1  
9  9 Equation of plane passes through the origin and
Hence, option (b) is correct. containing the line r = (!i + 2!j - 3k ! ) + t(2!i - 3!j + k
!)

27. If (a1 , b1 , c1), (a 2 , b2 , c2) are direction cosines of is

! ) × (2!i - 3!j + k
(r - 0) ⋅ [(!i + 2!j - 3k ! )] = 0
two lines making an angle θ with each other,
then cosθ = [23 Sep. 2020, Shift-I] ! (-3 - 4)] = 0
⇒ r ⋅[!i(2 - 9) - !j (1 + 6) + k
(a) a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 !) = 0
⇒ r ⋅ (-7!i - 7!j - 7k
(b)|a1 a2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2|
! ) = 0 or x + y + z = 0
⇒ r ⋅ (!i + !j + k
(c) (a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c 2 ) ( a12 a22 + b12 b22 + c12c 22 )
4 Hence, option (a) is correct.
(d)
3
30. If A(2, 4 , - 1), B(3, 6 , - 1) and C(4 , 5, 1) are three
Sol. (b)
Given, DC's are (a1 , b1 , c1) and (a 2 , b2 , c 2). consecutive vertices of a parallelogram, then
∴ cosθ = |a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2| [" standard result] its fourth vertex is [20 April 2019, Shift-II]
Hence, option (b) is correct. (a) (1, 3, 3) (b) (1, 3, - 3)
(c) (3, 3, - 1) (d) (3, 3, 1)
28. A(2, 3, 5), B(α , 3, 3) and C(7 , 5, β) are the
Sol. (d)
vertices of a triangle. If the median through
A = (2, 4, - 1), B = (3, 6, - 1), C = (4, 5, 1)
A is equally inclined with the co-ordinate
α Let D = (x , y, z)
axes, then cos -1   = Since, diagonals of a parallelogram are bisect each
β [20 April 2019, Shift-I] other.
-1 π
(a) cos -1   (b) ⇒ Mid-point of AC = Mid-point of BD
 9 2  2 + 4 , 4 + 5 , -1 + 1  =  3 + x , 6 + y , -1 + z 
π 2    
(c) (d) cos -1    2 2 2   2 2 2 
3 5
 3, 9 , 0 =  3 + x , 6 + y , -1 + z 
Sol. (a)    
 2   2 2 2 
Given, points A(2, 3, 5,
) B(α , 3, 3) and C(7, 5, β) 3+ x 6 + y 9 -1 + z
∴ = 3; = ; =0
α+ 7 3 + β
∴ Mid-point of BC is D  , 4,  2 2 2 2
 2 2  3 + x = 6; 6 + y = 9; -1 + z = 0
" Direction ratios of line joining points x = 3 ; y = 3; z = 1
α+ 7 3+ β  α + 3 β - 7
A(2, 3, 5) and D  , 4,  is  ,1, . ∴Fourth vertex D = (3, 3, 1).
 2 2   2 2  Hence, option (d) is correct.
" The line segment AD is equally inclined with
the co-ordinate axes, so 31. If the line joining the points A(2, 3, -1) and
α+ 3 β-7
=1 = ⇒ α = - 1 and β = 9 B(3 , 5 , - 3) is perpendicular to the line joining
2 2 C(1, 2 , 3) and D(3 , y , 7), then y =
α 1
∴ cos-1   = cos-1  -  [20 April 2019, Shift-II]
β  9
(a) 1 (b) 3
Hence, option (a) is correct. (c) 5 (d) 7
Three Dimensional Geometry 311

Sol. (c) |- 18 + 4 + 3| ( 11)2 11

= = =
Given, A = (2, 3 - 1) 61 11 61 11 61
B = (3, 5 - 3) 11 11
cosθ = ⇒ θ = cos-1
DR’s of AB = (3 - 2, 5 - 3, - 3 + 1) = (1, 2, - 2) 61 61
and C = (1, 2, 3) ∴Hence, option (c) is correct.
D = (3, y, 7)
33. A(3, 2, - 1), B(4 , 1, 1), C(6 , 2, 5) are three points.
∴ DR’s of CD = (3 - 1, y - 2, 7 - 3) = (2, y - 2, 4)
Given, AB ⊥ CD If D , E , F are three points which divide BC,
CA, AB respectively in the same ratio 2 : 1,
⇒ a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 = 0
then the centroid of ∆DEF is
⇒ (1)(2) + 2(y - 2) + (-2) (4) = 0
[21 April 2019, Shift-I]
⇒ 2y - 10 = 0 ⇒ y = 5 13 5 5
Hence, option (c) is correct. (a)  , ,  (b) (13, 5, 5)
 3 3 3
32. A plane is making intercepts 2, 3, 4 on X , Y 11 4 1
(c) (4, 2, 1) (d)  , , 
and Z-axes respectively. Another plane is  3 3 3
passing through the point (-1, 6 , 2) and is Sol. (a)
perpendicular to the line joining the points A(3, 2, –1)
(1, 2 , 3) and (-2 , 3 , 4). Then angle between the
two planes is [20 April 2019, Shift-II]
1
12
(a) 90° (b) cos -1
61 F E
-1 11 -1 5 O
(c) cos (d) cos 2
61 6
Sol. (c) B (4, 1, 1) 2 D 1 C(6, 2, 5)
Given, X- intercept (a) = 2
Y- intercept (b) = 3 2 × 6 + 4 × 1 2 × 2 + 1 × 1 2 × 5 + 1 × 1
Here, D =  , , 
Z - intercept (c) = 4  3 3 3 
x y z 16 5 11
∴Equation of the plane is + + =1 =  , , 
2 3 4  3 3 3
6 x + 4 y + 3z = 12 …(i) 12 6 3 11 4 1
Similarly, E =  , ,  ⇒ F =  , , 
Given, points are A = (-1, 6, 2)  3 3 3  3 3 3
B = (1, 2, 3) Let centroid of ∆DEF is O(x , y, z).
C = (-2, 3, 4) 16 12 11
+ +
DR’s of BC = (-2, - 1, 3 - 2, 4 - 3) = (-3, 1, 1)
∴x = 3 3 3 = 13
∴Equation of plane passing through A(-1, 6, 2) 3 3
and having DR’s (-3, 1, 1) is given by 5 6 4 11 1
+ + +1+
5 3= 5
a(x - x1) + b(y - y1) + c(z - z1) = 0 y = 3 3 3 = and z = 3
-3(x + 1) + 1(y - 6) + 1(z - 2) = 0 3 3 3 3
13 5 5
-3x - 3 + y - 6 + z - 2 = 0 Hence, coordinates are  , ,  .
 3 3 3
-3x + y + z - 11 = 0
- 3x + y + z = 11 …(ii) 34. If A = (1, 8, 4), B = (2, - 3, 1), then the
Angle between the planes (i) and (ii) is direction cosines of a normal to the plane
|a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2| AOB is [21 April 2019, Shift-I]
cosθ =
a12 + b12 + c12 a 22 + b22 + c 22 2 5 -7 2 10 7 10 - 19 10
(a) , , (b) , ,
78 78 78 9 90 90
|(6) (-3) + (4) (1) + (3) (1)| 4 9 - 11 2 6 -9
= (c) , , (d) , ,
36 + 16 + 9 9 +1 + 1 218 218 218 11 11 11
312 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

Sol. (b) 9
- -1 - k
2 - 3- 2
Given, A = (1, 8, 4) and B = (2, - 3, 1) ⇒ =
! 2 1
∴ OA = !i + 8!j + 4k 11
! ⇒ - - k = - 10
and OB = 2!i - 3!j + k 2
11 9
Now, ! = OA × OB
n ⇒ - + 10 = k ⇒ k =
| OA × OB | 2 2
!i !j k ! 36. The vector equation of the plane passing
Here, OA × OB = 1 8 4 through the points (1, -2, 5), (0, -5, -1) and
2 -3 1 (-3, 5, 0) is [21 April 2019, Shift-II]
(a) r = (1 - λ - 4µ) i! - (2 + 3λ - 7µ) !j + ( 5 - 6λ - 5µ) k!
! (- 3 - 16)
= !i (8 + 12) - !j(1 - 8) + k (b) r = (1 + λ + 4µ)!i - (2 - 3λ + 7µ)!j + ( 5 - 6λ - 5µ)k!
! !
= 20 i + 7 j - 19k ! (c) r = (1 - λ + 4µ) !i - (2 + 3λ + 7µ) !j + ( 5 - 6λ + 5µ)k!
(d) r = (1 + λ - 4µ) i! + (2 + 3λ - 7µ) !j + ( 5 + 6λ - 5µ)k!
and | OA × OB | = (20)2 + 72 + (- 19)2
Sol. (a)
= 400 + 49 + 361 = 810 = 9 10 !
Given, a = !i - 2!j + 5k
!
20i! + 7!j - 19k
∴ ! =
n b = - 5!j - k !
9 10
and c = - 3!i + 5!j
20 7 - 19
∴ Direction cosines are , , The vector equation of plane passing through
9 10 9 10 9 10 a , b, c is r = a + λ(b - a) + µ(c - a)
2 10 7 10 - 19 10 = !i - 2!j + 5k! + λ {(-5!j - k ! ) - (!i - 2!j + 5k
! )}
i.e. , ,
9 90 90 ! )}
+ µ{(-3!i + 5!j) - (!i - 2!j + 5k
x -1 y +1 z -1 ! + λ(- !i - 3!j - 6k ! ) + µ(-4!i + 7!j - 5k
!)
35. If the two lines= = and = !i - 2!j + 5k
2 3 4 !
x -3 y- k z = (1 - λ - 4µ)!i - (2 + 3λ - 7µ)!j + (5 - 6λ - 5µ)k
= = have a point in common,
1 2 1 37. The angle made by the vector 2!i - !j + k! with
then k = [21 April 2019, Shift-I] the plane represented by r ⋅ (i! + !j + 2 k! ) = 7 is
2 2 9
(a) (b) - (c) (d) 0 [21 April 2019, Shift-II]
9 9 2
(a) 30° (b) 60° (c) 45° (d) 75°
Sol. (c)
Sol. (a)
Given line is Given, equation of plane is
x -1 y + 1 z -1
= = =λ !) = 7
r ⋅ (!i + !j + 2k
2 3 4
Here, n! = !i + !j + 2k!
So, (x , y, z) is (2λ + 1, 3λ - 1, 4λ + 1) and this point
is lies on given line. This point also lies on line. ∴Angle made by the vector (2i! - !j + k! ) with the
x-3 y-k z normal (!i + !j + 2k! ) is
= =
1 2 1 (2)()
1 + (-1)() 1 + ()(
1 2) 2-1 + 2
So, this point satisfies equation = =
2 2 2
2 +1 +1 1 +1 + 2 2 2 2 6 6
2λ + 1 - 3 3λ - 1 - k 4λ + 1
= = 3 1
1 2 1 ⇒cosθ = = ⇒ cosθ = cos 60°⇒θ = 60°
2λ - 2 4λ + 1 6 2
⇒ = ⇒ 2λ - 2 = 4λ + 1 So, angle made by the plane with the vector
1 1 = 90°- 60°= 30°
3
⇒ 2λ = - 3 ⇒ λ = -
2 38. In a triangle ABC, if the mid-points of sides
Now,
3λ - 1 - k 2λ - 2
=
AB, BC, CA are (3, 0, 0), (0, 4, 0), (0, 0, 5)
2 1 respectively, then AB2 + BC 2 + CA 2 =
3 3
3× - -1 - k 2× - - 2 [21 April 2019, Shift-II]
⇒ 2 = 2
(a) 50 (b) 200 (c) 300 (d) 400
2 1
Three Dimensional Geometry 313

Sol. (d) 40. The equation of the plane in normal form

Given, mid-point of sides AB, BC, CA are (3, 0, 0), which passes through the points (-2 , 1, 3),
(0, 4, 0), (0, 0, 5.
) (1, 1, 1) and (2 , 3 , 4) is [21 April 2019, Shift-II]
2 2 1 1
A (a)   x +  -  y +   z =
 3  3  3 3
2 2 1 1
(b)  -  x +   y +  -  z =
(3, 0, 0) (0, 0, 5)  3  3  3 3
 -4   11   -6  1
(c)  x+  y+  z=
 173   173   173  173
4   -11  y +  6  z = 1
(d)  x+    
B (0, 4, 0) C  173   173   173  173
∴ A = (3, - 4, 5) Sol. (c)
B = (3, 4, - 5) and C = (-3, 4, 5) Given points are A(-2, 1, 3,
) B(1, 1, 1) and C(2, 3, 4).
2 2 2 2 ! !
∴ A = - 2i + j + 3k, B = !i + !j + k
! ! and
AB = (x 2 - x1) + (y2 - y1) + (z2 - z1)
!
C = 2!i + 3!j + 4k
= (3 - 3)2 + (4 + 4)2 + (-5 - 5)2
! ) - (-2!i + !j +
Now, AB = (!i + !j + k 3k! ) = 3!i - 2k
!
= 82 + 102 = 164
BC = (2!i + 3!j + 4k ! ) - (!i + !j + ! ) = !i + 2!j + 3k
k !
BC 2 = (-3 - 3)2 + (4 - 4)2 + (5 + 5)2
= 36 + 100 = 136 The normal of the plane n = AB × BC
!i !j k !
And CA = (-3 - 3)2 + (4 + 4)2 + (5 - 5)2
2

= (-6)2 + (8)2 = 36 + 64 = 100 ∴ AB × BC = 3 0 -2


 
1 2 3
Now, AB2 + BC 2 + CA2 = 164 + 136 + 100 = 400  
! (6 - 0)
= i(0 + 4) - !j(9 + 2) + k
!
39. The angle between a line with direction ratios
2, 2, 1 and the line joining the points (3, 1, 4) n = 4!i - 11!j + 6k!
and (7, 2, 12) is [21 April 2019, Shift-II] Now, equation of plane
2 3
(a) cos -1   (b) cos -1   ⇒ 4(x - 2) - 11(y - 3) + 6(z - 4) = 0
 3  4
⇒ 4 x - 8 - 11 y + 33 + 6z - 24 = 0
-2 1
(c) tan-1   (d) cos -1   ⇒ 4 x - 11 y + 6z + 1 = 0
 3  3
As we know that, if ax + by + cz + d = 0 is the
Sol. (a) equation of plane, then the normal form is
Given that,    
 a x +  b y
Direction ratios of first line are 2, 2, 1 and direction
 a2 + b2 + c 2   a2 + b2 + c 2 
ratios of second line joining the points (3, 1, 4)    
and (7, 2, 12) are 7 - 3, 2 - 1, 12 - 4 i.e. 4, 1, 8.  c   d 
Let θ be the angle between the two lines + z +   =0
 a2 + b2 + c 2   a2 + b2 + c 2 
a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2    
∴ cosθ = ∴ Required normal form is
a12 + b12 + c12 a 22 + b22 + c 22
 4   -11 
2× 4 + 2×1 + 1 × 8  x +  y
=  42 + 112 + 62   42 + 112 + 62 
   
2 + 22 + 12 42 + 12 + 82
2
 6   1 
8 + 2+ 8 18 +  z +   =0
= =  42 + 112 + 62   42 + 112 + 62 
9 81 3× 9    
2 4x 11 y
⇒ cosθ = ⇒ -
3 16 + 121 + 36 16 + 121 + 36
2 6z 1
⇒ θ = cos-1   + + =0
 3 16 + 121 + 36 16 + 121 + 36
314 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

4x 11 y 6z 1
⇒ - + + =0
173 173 173 173 Q
M
4x 11 y 6z 1
⇒ - + =- A
173 173 173 173 O
4x 11 y 6z 1
⇒ - + - =
173 173 173 173 r
P
4   11  y +  -6  z = 1
⇒  - x +     R B
 173   173   173  173
Then, the coordinates of P , Q and R are
41. The points A(2, - 1, 4), B(1, 0 , - 1), C(1, 2, 3) and
(l1 r , m1 r , n1 r), (l 2r , m2r , n2r) and (- l 2r , - m2r , - n2r)
D(2 , 1, 8) form a [22 April 2019, Shift-I] respectively.
(a) rectangle (b) square If A, B be the mid-points of PQ and PR, then OA
(c) rhombus (d) parallelogram and OB are along the bisectors of the lines
Sol. (d) direction ratios of OA are l1 + l 2 , m1 + m2, , n1 + n2
Given points are DR’s of OB are l1 - l 2, m1 - m2, n1 - n2
A(2, - 1, 4), B(1, 0, - 1), C(1, 2, 3) and D(2, 1, 8). Now, Σ(l1 + l 2)2 =1 + 1 + 2cosθ
∴ AB = 12 + 12 + 52 = 27 θ
( + cosθ) = 4 cos2
= 21
2
BC = 0 + 22 + 42 = 20 ∴DC’s of internal bisector are
CD = 12 + 12 + 52 = 27 l1 + l 2 m1 + m2 n1 + n2
, ,
θ θ θ
and DA = 0 + 22 + 42 = 20 2cos 2cos 2cos
2 2 2
Here, AB = CD and BC = DA
43. The distance of the plane
AC = 12 + 32 + 12 = 11
3 x + 4 y + 5 z + 19 = 0 from the point (1, - 1, 1)
and DB = 12 + 12 + 92 = 83 ∴ AC ≠ DB measured along a line parallel to the line with
direction ratios 2, 3, 1 is [22 April 2019, Shift-I]
∴ A, B, C and D form a parallelogram.
23 71
42. If l1 , m1 , n1 and l2 , m2 , n2 are direction cosines (a) (b) (c) 14 (d) 23
5 2 5 2
of OA and OB such that ∠ AOB = θ, where O
Sol. (c)
is the origin, then the direction cosines of the
According to given information
internal angular bisector of ∠ AOB are
[22 April 2019, Shift-I] (1,–1, 1)
l1 + l2 m1 + m2 n1 + n2
(a) , ,
θ θ θ
2 sin 2 sin 2 sin Dc’s (2, 3, 1)
2 2 2
l -l m - m2 n1 - n2
(b) 1 2 , 1 ,
θ θ θ
2 cos 2 cos 2 cos
2 2 2
l - l m - m2 n1 - n2 3x+4y+5z+19=0
(c) 1 2 , 1 ,
θ θ θ
2 sin 2 sin 2 sin Equation of lines is passing through (1, - 1, 1) and
2 2 2 having DC’s is (2, 3, 1)
l +l m + m2 n1 + n2
(d) 1 2 , 1 , x -1 y + 1 z -1
θ θ θ = = =r
2 cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 3 1
2 2 2
Here, (2r + 1, 3r - 1, r + 1) lie on plane.
Sol. (d)
∴These points satisfy the equation of plane.
" l1 l 2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = cosθ
3 (2r + 1) + 4(3r - 1) + 5 (r + 1) + 19 = 0
Through origin O draw two lines parallel to given
lines and take two points on each at a distance r ⇒ 6r + 3 + 12r - 4 + 5r + 5 + 19 = 0
from O and a point R on QO produced so that OR = r ⇒ 23r + 23 = 0 ⇒ r = -1
Three Dimensional Geometry 315

So, point is (-2 + 1, - 3 - 1, - 1 + 1) i.e. (-1, - 4, 0) Now, equation of line II is

2 2 2
Now, required distance = (-2) + (-3) + 1 Y
line II
= 4 + 9 + 1 = 14
45°
44. The direction cosines of the line which is 90°
X′ X
perpendicular to the lines with direction
cosines proportional to (1, - 2 , - 2) and
(0, 2, 1) are [22 April 2019, Shift-II]
2 -2 1 2 -1 -2 Y′
(a) , , (b) , ,
3 3 3 3 3 3
2 -1 2 2 2 -1 y - 0 = tanθ(x - x1)
(c) , , (d) , , y = -1(x)
3 3 3 3 3 3
[" tanθ = tan(90°- 45°) = - cot 45°= - 1]
Sol. (c)
y=-x …(ii)
Given direction cosines (1, - 2, - 2) and (0, 2, 1)
are perpendicular to line whose d’c is (a , b , c). From Eqs. (i) and (ii), number of lines is two,
whose passing through (0, 0, 0) and making an
∴ a - 2b - 2c = 0 …(i)
angle of 45°.
0 + 2b + c = 0 …(ii) Hence, number of lines = 2
By Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
a b c a b c 46. The equation of the plane which passes
= = ⇒ = = through the point (2 , 5 , - 8) and perpendicular
- 2+ 4 -1 2 2 -1 2
to each of the planes 2 x - 3 y + 4 z + 1 = 0 and
∴ Required d’c are 4 x + y - 2 z + 6 = 0 is [22 April 2019, Shift-II]
 a b c (a) x + 10 y + 7 z + 4 = 0
= , ,  (b) x + 2 y + 2 z + 4 = 0
 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 2
a + b + c 2 2 2
a + b + c  2 2
(c) 3 x + 2 y + 2 z = 0
 2 -1 2  2 1 2 (d) x + 10 y + 7 z - 4 = 0
= , , = ,- ,
 4 + 1+ 4 4+1+ 4 4 + 1 + 4 3 3 3 Sol. (a)
The equation of a plane passing through (2, 5, - 8) is
45. The number of lines passing through (0, 0, 0)
a(x - 2) + b(y - 5) + c(z + 8) = 0 …(i)
and making an angle of 45° with each of the
It is perpendicular to 2x - 3y + 4z + 1 = 0
three co-ordinate axes is [22 April 2019, Shift-II]
and 4 x + y - 2z + 6 = 0
(a) 0 (b) 2
∴ 2a - 3b + 4c = 0 and 4a + b - 2c = 0
(c) 4 (d) 8 a b c
⇒ = =
Sol. (b) 1 10 7
Equation of line passing through point (x1 , y1) is Substituting the values of a , b , c in Eq. (i), we get
y - y1 = tanθ(x - x1) x - 2 + 10(y - 5) + 7(z + 8) = 0
Y ⇒ x - 2 + 10 y - 50 + 7z + 56 = 0
line I ⇒ x + 10 y + 7z + 4 = 0

45º 47. The distance between the orthocentre and

45º circumcentre of the triangle formed by the
X′ X points (1, 2 , 3), (3 , - 1, 5) and (4 , 0 , - 3) is
(0, 0, 0)
[23 April 2019, Shift-I]
33 31 27 23
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Y′ 2 2 2 2

Here, tanθ is slope, tanθ = tan 45°= 1 and given Sol. (a)
line passing through (0, 0). Let A = (1, 2, 3)
∴ y - 0 = 1(x - 0) B = (3, - 1, 5)
⇒ y= x …(i) C = (4, 0, - 3)
316 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

DR’s of AB = (2, - 3, 2) Required dc’s are

11 -7 3
DR’s of BC = (1, 1, - 8) = , ,
121 + 49 + 9 121 + 49 + 9 121 + 49 + 9
DR’s of AC = (3, - 2, - 6)
11 -7 3 
Here, we noticed that AB ⊥ AC =  , , 
 179 179 179 
⇒ ∠A = 90° ∴ Hence, option is (a) correct.
C
49. The equation of the plane π through the line
of intersection of the planes
π1 ≡ x + 3 y - 6 = 0 , and π 2 ≡ 3 x - y + 4 z = 0
is π1 + λπ 2 = 0 . If the plane π is at unit
distance from the origin, then an equation of
the plane π is [23 April 2019, Shift-I]
A B
(a) 2 x + y + 2 z - 3 = 0 (b) 2 x - y - 2 z + 3 = 0
Orthocentre of ∆ABC = vertex A (c) 2 x + y + 2 z + 3 = 0 (d) x + 2 y + 2 z + 3 = 0
H = (1, 2, 3) Sol. (a)
Circumcentre of ∆ABC = mid-point of BC Given equation of plane are
7 -1  π1 = x + 3y - 6 = 0
S =  , , 1
2 2  π 2 = 3x - y + 4z = 0
33 Given, π1 + λπ 2 = 0
∴ Required distance (HS) =
2 (x + 3y - 6) + λ (3x - y + 4z) = 0
(1 + 3λ) x + (3 - λ) y + 4λz - 6 = 0 …(i)
2 2
 7 - 1 +  - 1 - 2 + (1 - 3)2 Perpendicular distance from (0, 0, 0) to above
   
2   2  plane is 1.
25 25 66 | ax1 + by1 + cz1 + d|
= + + 4= ∴ =1
4 4 4 a2 + b2 + c 2
Hence, option is (a) correct. |- 6|
=1
48. The direction cosines of the normal drawn to (1 + 3λ) + (3 - λ)2 + (4λ)2
2

the plane passing through the points ⇒ 1 + 9λ2 + 6λ + 9 + λ2 - 6 λ + 16 λ2 = 36

(2 , - 1, 5), (1, - 3 , 4), (5 , 2 , 1) are ⇒ 26λ2 = 26
[23 April 2019, Shift-I]
11 -7 3 9 -7 2 ⇒ λ = ±1
(a) , , (b) , ,
179 179 179 134 134 134 ∴Substitute λ = 1 in Eq. (i), we get
11 7 -3 9 7 -2 4 x + 2y + 4z - 6 = 0
(c) , , (d) , ,
179 179 179 134 134 134 ⇒ 2x + y + 2z - 3 = 0
Hence, option is (a) correct.
Sol. (a)
Let A = (2, - 1, 5;
) B = (1, - 3, 4) 50. If the orthocentre and the centroid of a
and C = (5, 2, 1) triangle are (-3 ,5 ,2) and (3 ,3 ,4) respectively,
∴ Equation of plane passing through A, B, C is then its circumcentre is [22 April 2018, Shift-I]
x - x1 y - y1 z - z1 (a) (6, 2, 5) (b) (62
, ,-5)
(c) (6,-2,5) (d) (6,-2,-5)
x 2 - x1 y2 - y1 z2 - z1 = 0
x 3 - x1 y3 - y1 z3 - z1 Sol. (a)
We know that, in a triangle, if O is orthocentre,
x - 2 y+1 z- 5 G is centroid and S is circumcentre, then SG:G0
⇒ -1 -2 -1 = 0 =1:2 Let circumcentre be (x , y, z).
3 3 -4 1:2
11 x - 7 y + 3z - 26 = 0 S(x, y, z) C,(3, 3,4) O(-3, 5-2)
Three Dimensional Geometry 317

 - 3 + 2x 5 + 2y 2 + 2z  1(x - 1) + 2(y - 2) + 3(z - 3) = 0

∴  , ,  = (3, 3, 4)
 1+ 2 1+ 2 1+ 2 ⇒ x + 2y + 3z - 14 = 0
∴(7, 2, 1) lies on the given plane.
⇒  - 3 + 2x , 5 + 2y , 2 + 2z  = (3, 3, 4)
  53. A (3, 2, - 1), B(4 , 1, 1), C (6 , 2 , 5) andD(3, 3, 3) are
 3 3 3 
- 3 + 2x 5 + 2y 2 + 2z four points. G1 , G2 , G3 and G4 respectively are
⇒ = 3, = 3, =4 the centroids of the triangles ∆BCD , ∆CDA ,
3 3 3
∆DAB and ∆ABC. The point of concurrence of
⇒ x = 6 , y = 2, z = 5
the lines AG1 , BG2 , CG3 and DG4 is
∴ S(6, 2, 5.
) [22 April 2018, Shift-II]
51. A plane cuts the coordinate axes X , Y , Z at A, (a) (4, 2, 2) (b) (2, 4, 2)
B, C respectively such that the centroid of the (c) (2, 2, 4) (d) (2, 2, 2)
∆ABC is (6, 6, 3). Then the equation of that Sol. (a)
plane is [22 April 2018, Shift-I]
Given points,
(a) x + y + z - 6 = 0 (b) x + 2 y + z - 18 = 0 A(3, 2, - 1), B(4, 1, 1) , C(6, 2, 5) and D(3, 3, 3,
) So,
(c) 2 x + y + z - 18 = 0 (d) x + y + 2 z - 18 = 0
 13 6 9 
G1 is centroid of triangle BCD, G1 ≡  , , 
Sol. (d)  3 3 3
Let the equation of the plane is 12 7 7
G2 is centroid of triangle CDA G2 ≡  , , 
x y z  3 3 3
+ + =1
a b c " The line AG1 , BG2 , CG3 and DG4 are concurrent,
a b c so point of concurrence of these four lines is point
By the definition of the centroi  , ,  = (6, 6, 3)
 3 3 3 of intersection of lines AG1 and BG2.
Therefore, Equation of line AG1 is
a = 18 x - 3 y- 2 z+1
= = = r1 (let)
b = 18 4/ 3 0 12
c=9 3
4 12
The equation of the plane becomes So, point on line this AG1 is  3 + r1 , 2, - 1 + r1 
 3 3 
x y z x + y + 2z
+ + =1⇒ =1 and equation of line BG2 is
18 18 9 18
x - 4 y -1 z -1
⇒ x + y + 2z = 18 ⇒ x + y + 2z - 18 = 0 = = = r2 (let)
0 4/ 3 4/ 3
52. If the foot of the perpendicular drawn from 4 4
So, point on line BG2 is  4, 1 + r2 , 1 + r2 
the origin to a plane is (1, 2, 3), then a point  3 3 
on that plane is [22 April 2018, Shift-I] Let the above point is the point of intersection, so
(a) (3, 2, 1) (b) (7, 2, 1) 4 4
3 + r1 = 4 ⇒ 2 = 1 + r2
(c) (7,3,-1) (d) (6,-3,4) 3 3
Sol. (b) 12 4
and -1 + r1 = 1 + r2, from these we are getting
3 3
O (0, 0, 0) 3 3
r1 = and r2 =
4 4
So, required point of concurrence is (4, 2, 2 ) .
P (1, 2, 3) 54. The acute angle between the lines whose
direction cosines are given by the equations
DR ′s of OP = < 1 - 0, 2 - 0, 3 - 0 > = < 1, 2, 3 > l + m + n = 0 and 2 lm + 2 ln - mn = 0 is
Since, OP is perpendicular to the plane, therefore [22 April 2018, Shift-II]
OP is normal to the plane. π π
(a) (b)
6 4
∴ Equation of plane passing through (1, 2, 3) and π 2π
having d ′ r < 1, 2, 3 > of its normal is (c) (d)
3 5
318 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

Sol. (c) x y z
+ + =1 …(i)
Given equations are, a b c
l + m+ n= 0 …(i) " plane Eq. (i) passes through the point (α , β , γ), so
α β γ
2lm + 2ln - mn = 0 …(ii) + + =1
a b c
From Eqs. (i) and (ii),
On taking locus of point (a , b , c) we are getting,
2l(- l) - mn = 0
α β γ
2l 2 + mn = 0 …(iii) + + =1
x y z
On squaring both side of the Eq. (i).
5
l 2 + m2 + n2 + 2lm + 2mn + 2nl = 0 56. If a line makes angles tan - 1 7 , tan - 1
3
" l 2 + m2 + n2 = 1,
with X -axis, Y -axis respectively, then the
So, 2lm + 2mn + 2nl = - 1 …(iv) angle made by it with Z-axis is
From Eqs. (ii) and (iv), [23 April 2018, Shift-I]
1 π π 5π
3mn = - 1 ⇒ mn = - (a) (b) or
3 2 6 6
From Eq. (iii) π 2π π 3π
(c) or (d) or
6l 2- 1 = 0, let root of this equation is l1 and l 2, so 3 3 4 4
1
l1 l 2 = - . Sol. (d)
6
A line makes angle tan-1 7
Now, from Eqs. (i) and (ii),
5
2lm + (2l - m) (- l - m) = 0 and tan-1 with X-axis
3 √5 √7
⇒ 2l 2 - lm - m2 = 0 and Y-axis respectively.
2
l l So, α = tan-1 7
⇒ 2   -   - 1 = 0 α
 m  m tan α = 7 2
l1 l 2 -1 ll mm
⇒ = ⇒ 12 = 1 2 1 5
m1 m2 2 -1 / 6 2/ 6 ⇒ cos α = and β = tan-1
8 3
l1 l 2 nn
Similarly, = 1 2 5
-1 / 6 2 / 6 tanβ =
3
3 1 π
So, cosθ = l1 l 2 + m1 m2 + n1 n2 = = ⇒ θ = 3
6 2 3 ⇒ cos β = √8 √5
8
55. A variable plane passes through a fixed point Let angle make with
(α , β , γ) and meets the coordinate axes in A, B Z-axis is γ. So,
and C. Let P1 , P2 and P3 be the planes passing
cos2 α + cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1 √3
through A, B, C and parallel to the coordinate
2
planes YZ , ZX , XY respectively. Then, the 1   3
⇒   + 
2
 + cos γ = 1
locus of the point of intersection of the  8  8
planes P1 , P2 and P3 is [22 April 2018, Shift-II] 4 1
α β γ ⇒ + cos2 γ = 1 ⇒ + cos2 γ = 1
(a) αx + βy + γz = 1 (b) + + =1 8 2
x y z 2 1 1
⇒ cos γ = ⇒ cos γ = ±
(c) αx2 + βy2 + γz2 = 1 (d) αβx + βγy + αγz = 1 2 2
1 -1
⇒ cos γ = or
Sol. (b) 2 2
Let the point A(a , 0, 0), B(0, b , 0) and C(0, 0, c). So, π π π 3π
⇒ γ = or π - ⇒ γ = or
point of intersection of planes P1 , P2 and P3 is 4 4 4 4
P(a , b , c) π 3π
So, angle made by line with Z-axis is and .
Now, equation of plane ABC is 4 4
Three Dimensional Geometry 319

57. A plane passes through the point (3, 5, 7). If 59. If the direction ratios of the lines L1 and L2
the direction ratios of its normal are equal to are 2 , - 1, 1 and 3 , - 3 , 4 respectively, then the
the intercepts made by the plane direction cosines of a line that is
x + 3 y + 2 z = 9 with the coordinate axes, then perpendicular to both L1 and L 2 are
the equation of that plane is [23 April 2018, Shift-II]
[23 April 2018, Shift-I] 2 1 1 1 5 3
(a) ± ,± ,± (b) ± ,± ,±
(a) x + y + z = 5 (b) 6 x + 2 y + 3 z = 105 6 6 6 35 35 35
(c) 12 x + 4 y + 6 z = 49 (d) 6 x + 2 y + 3 z = 49 3 3 4 1 2 3
(c) ± ,± ,± (d) ± ,± ,±
Sol. (d) 34 34 34 14 14 14
Given equation of plane. Sol. (b)
x + 3y + 2z = 9 Let direction cosines of line that is perpendicular
x y z to both L1 and L2 are l , m, n, then
⇒ + + =1
9 3  9 2l - m + n = 0 and 3l - 3m + 4n = 0
 
 2 l m n
⇒ = =
9 - 4 + 3 3- 8 - 6 + 3
⇒ So, intercepts are 9, 3, .
2 l m n
According to the questions, ⇒ = =
-1 - 5 - 3
9
direction ratio of normal is 9, 3, and plane
2 l m n l 2 + m2 + n2
⇒ = = =±
passes through (3, 5, 7) 1 5 3 1 + 25 + 9
∴Equation of plane is 1 5 3
9 ⇒ l, m, n = ± ,± ,± .
(x - 3)9 + (y - 5)3 + (z - 7) =0 35 35 35
2
9 63 60. If the equation of the plane bisecting the line
⇒ 9 x - 27 + 3y - 15 + z- =0
2 2 segment joining the points P (3 , 2 , 4) and
⇒ 18 x + 6 y + 9z = 54 + 30 + 63
Q (-1, 0 , - 2) and perpendicular to PQ is
ax + by + cz + d = 0, then ac + bd
⇒ 18 x + 6 y + 9z = 147
[23 April 2018, Shift-II]
⇒ 6 x + 2y + 3z = 49
(a) 0 (b) 12
58. The harmonic conjugate of P (-9 , 12, - 15) (c) 6 (d) 1
with respect to the line segment AB, where Sol. (a)
A = (1, - 2 , 3) and B = (-4 , 5 , - 6) is Mid-point of line segment joining the points
[23 April 2018, Shift-II] P(3, 2, 4) and Q(- 1, 0, - 2) is R(1, 1, 1) and direction
2 1 ratios of line segment PQ is 4, 2, 6, so direction
(a)  - , , 0 (b) (6, - 9, 12 )
 3 3  ratios of normal to the plane is
7 8 7 8 9 < a , b , c > = < 4, 2, 6 > .
(c)  - , , - 3 (d)  , - , 
 3 3   3 3 3 So, equation of plane will be
4 x + 2y + 6z + d = 0 … (i)
Sol. (c)
Since, plane (i) bisect the line segment joining PQ.
Let point P(- 9, 12, - 15) divides the line joining
So, d = - 12
A(1, - 2, 3) and B(- 4, 5, - 6) in ratio λ :1.
- 4λ + 1 Therefore, ac + bd = 0.
Then, - 9 = ,λ=-2
λ +1 61. If the mid-points of the sides AB, BC , CA of a
So, harmonic conjugate of point ‘P’ with respect to
triangle are (1, 5 , - 1), (0 , 4 , - 2), (2 , 3 , 4)
the line segment AB will divides the line segment respectively, then the length of the median
AB internally in ratio 2 : 1, so point will be drawn from C to AB is [24 April 2018, Shift-I]
 - 8 + 1 , 10 - 2 , - 12 + 3 =  - 7 , 8 , - 3 . (a) 29 (b) 27
    (c) 5 (d) 5
 3 3 3   3 3 
320 AP EAMCET Chapterwise Mathematics

Sol. (d) π π
l = cosα, m = cos , n = cos
A (x1, y1, z1) 4 3
But l 2 + m2 + n2 = 1
2 2
1 1
D F l 2 +   +   = 1
 2  2
1 1
l2 + + = 1
B (x2, y2, z2) E C (x3, y3, z3) 2 4
2 1 1
D(1, 5, - 1), E(0, 4, - 2), F(2, 3, 4) are mid-points l = ⇒l = ±
4 2
Then, 1
x1 + x 2 y + y2 z + z2 ⇒ cosα = - (α is obtuse angle)
=1 1 =5 1 = -1 2
2 2 2
⇒ α = π - π / 3 = 2π / 3.
x1 + x 2 = 2, y1 + y2 = 10 , z1 + z2 = - 2
Similarly, 63. The equation of the plane bisecting the line
segment joining the points (2 , 0 , 6) and
x 2 + x 3 = 0, y2 + y3 = 8 , z2 + z3 = - 4
(- 6 , 2 , 4) and perpendicular to it, is
x1 + x 3 = 4 , y1 + y3 = 6 , z1 + z3 = 8
[24 April 2018, Shift-I]
On adding, 2(x1 + x 2 + x 3) = 6,
(a) 2 x - y + 4 z - 15 = 0 (b) 4 x - y + 3 z - 6 = 0
2(y1 + y2 + y3) = 24, 2(z1 + z2 + z3) = 2
(c) 4 x - y + z + 4 = 0 (d) x - 2 y + 3 z - 11 = 0
x1 + x 2 + x 3 = 3, y1 + y2 + y3 = 12,
z1 + z2 + z3 = 1 Sol. (c)
⇒ x 3 = 1, y3 = 2, z3 = 3 Let variable point on the plane is (x , y, z).
length of median drawn from C to AB is Mid-point of the line segment joining the points
(2, 0, 6) and (- 6, 2, 4) = (- 2, 1, 5)
CD = (1 - 1)2 + (2 - 5)2 + (- 1 - 3)2
Direction ratio of the line segment joining the
= 0 + 9 + 16 = 25 = 5 points (2, 0, 6) and (- 6, 2, 4)
π π ⇒(- 6 - 2), (2 - 0), (4 - 6) - 8, 2, - 2 = a1 , b1 , c1
62. If a line makes angles and with Y -axis direction ratios of line joining (x , y, z) and (- 2, 1, 5)
4 3
and Z-axis respectively, then the obtuse angle = (x + 2, ) (y - 1), (z - 5)
made by that line with X -axis is = a 2 , b2 , c 2
[24 April 2018, Shift-I] direction ratio’s a1 , b1 , c1 and a 2 , b2 , c 2 are
π 2π perpendicular so,
(a) (b)
3 3 a1 a 2 + b1 b2 + c1 c 2 = 0
π 5π So, required equation of plane is
(c) (d)
6 6 ⇒ - 8(x + 2) + 2(y - 1) - 2(z - 5) = 0
Sol. (b) ⇒ - 8 x - 16 + 2y - 2 - 2z + 10 = 0
Let line makes angle α with X-axis then, direction ⇒ - 8 x + 2y - 2z - 8 = 0
cosine of the line are ⇒ 4 x - y + z + 4 = 0.