Scribd
Upload
8 views

CTF and GGS (1)Lecture 3_

The document outlines the gathering and collection processes of oil and gas, detailing the roles of Group Gathering Stations (GGS), Central Tank Farms (CTF), and Gas Collection Stations (GCS). It explains the functions of GGS, including testing, separation, treatment, storage, and disposal of oil and gas, as well as the operations of CTF and GCS in processing and transporting oil and gas. Additionally, it describes the importance of gas compressor plants and the network of flow lines and pipelines in facilitating the movement of oil and gas to refineries and consumers.

Uploaded by

Salman Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

CTF and GGS (1)Lecture 3_

The document outlines the gathering and collection processes of oil and gas, detailing the roles of Group Gathering Stations (GGS), Central Tank Farms (CTF), and Gas Collection Stations (GCS). It explains the functions of GGS, including testing, separation, treatment, storage, and disposal of oil and gas, as well as the operations of CTF and GCS in processing and transporting oil and gas. Additionally, it describes the importance of gas compressor plants and the network of flow lines and pipelines in facilitating the movement of oil and gas to refineries and consumers.

Uploaded by

Salman Ahmad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Gathering and Collection of Oil

and Gas
Introduction

• In the oilfields, surface production facilities include group gathering


stations (GGS), central tank farms (CTF), and flow lines.
• Enable oil processing to meet refinery or consumer specifications and
transportation of oil from wells to the central point of dispatch.
• In the case of gas fields, the surface facilities include gas collection
stations (GCS), special gas processing facilities, and gas compressor
stations/plants.
Group Gathering Stations (GGS)
• Group gathering station (GGS) is the basic unit of taking production from any
oilfield.
• It is an installation that receives oil through manifolds from its different
assigned fields.
• Oil is separated here in the form of oil, gas, and water.
• Separated oil is sent to CTF for further treatment, and separated gas is sent to
GCP through GCS to receive back compressed gas for gas injection program for
gas lift wells.
• Gas from GGS is sent at 2-3 kg/m2 and received back at 41 kg/m2.
• Effluent water is sent to ETP and then to CWIP for further treatment.
• This treated water finally from CWIP is sent back to GGS after its treatment to
impart water injection program for different wells.
• Both water injection and gas injection programs are carried out and controlled
by GGS.
Functions of GGS
➢Testing
➢Separation (Oil/Water/Gas)
➢Treatment (Oil/Water)
➢Storage (Oil)
➢Disposal (Oil/Water/Gas)
➢To work as an intermediate pumping station
Facilities to perform various GGS functions
➢Testing : Manifold
(Oil manifold, Water Injection Manifold, Gas Lift Manifold)
➢ Separation : Test Separators, Group Separators
➢ Treatment : Chemical Dosing Systems, Heater Treaters
➢ Storage : Tanks
➢ Disposal : Pump House/Pipelines to CTFs
: Evaporation pits/Effluent disposal pumps
: Gas Flare Unit/Pipelines
: Fire fighting Facilities
: Pigging facilities on collector lines
➢Pumping : Pumps
Testing:
• Several wells connected to GGS are to be tested regularly to generate test
data for proper monitoring and evaluation of field performance.
• Achieved by producing the well through the test header in the manifold
through test separators to the storage tank.
• Oil, water, and gas flow rates of the well are determined.
Separation:
Gas from liquid (oil and water) is separated into two phases separations in
one or more stages based on below considerations:
➢Utilization of separated gas which requires certain pressure for
transportation up to the point of use.
➢The oil after separation is routed through the Heater treater to storage tanks
under pressure and gas is transported further for utilization through
pipelines.
Treatment:
• The liquid separated in separators may require some treatment for proper
separation of oil and water.
This can be achieved by:
a) Chemical treatment – use of demulsifier and
b) Thermal and electrical treatment- in Heater Treaters.
Storage:
• Generally, 10-15 days storage is created in GGSs for storage of oil for
smooth function of GGSs.
• The tanks have facilities for volumetric measurements and sample
collation for BSW measurement.
Disposal:
➢Oil:
Oil from storage tanks is pumped to CTF for onward transportation to
refinery.
➢ Water:
• Free water from the Heater Treater and the separated water from oil tanks
are diverted to evaporation pits.
• It may be pumped to effluent plants for further treatment and disposal or
maybe evaporated as such.
Central Tank Farm(CTF)
• CTF only receives the oil from GGS.
• Two types of oil are received from GGS treated as well as untreated oil.
• Treated oil is directly dispatched to the desalter plant through dispatch
pumps, whereas untreated oil is sent to the heater treater for the removal
of water effluent from the oil.
• A water cut of around 5% is maintained at the CTF plant and the water cut
is further reduced to 0.25% with the removal of salts at the desalter plant.
• Main function of CTF is
➢ To maintain water cut of fluid to 5% and
➢ Sent to desalter plant for further treatment to reduce water cut up to
0.25%
• Finally sent to refineries Storage capacity is generally created for 7 to 15
days of storage.
Functions and Facilities for GGS

Functions Facilities
Receive oil from GGSs Manifold with pigging facilities for
collector lines

Receive oil from upstream CTFs


Storage of oil Tankage
Final treatment Heater Treater, Desalting Plants
Transportation to refinery Pump House
Scrapping Pigging facilities for tank lines
Fire fighting facilities
Gas Collection Station (GCS)
• The main function is gas collection and distribution.
• GCS receives associated gas from GGS and the dry gas directly from the wells.
• Both gases are mixed in the scrubber, treated, and transferred to GCP for
further compression.
• The compressed gas is again received back by GCS and is sent to GGS for gas
injection in the gas lift wells.
➢ Manifold: To enable testing of individual wells through test header and
separators.
➢ Test Separator: To separate liquid (condensate + water) .
➢ Group Separator: From Gas.
➢Scrubber: To remove impurities from the gas.
➢Gas measuring facilities.
➢Condensate Collection and disposal facilities
➢ Water Disposal
➢Fire Fighting
Special Gas Processing Facilities

• Required for toxic gases (H2S and others) contained as impurities,


corrosion by gases and clogging caused by hydrates formed due to
associated water.
• To minimize the environmental impact, the gas field development plan
should consider diffusion of toxic gases into the atmosphere.
Gas Compressor Plant
• GCP receives gas from GGS and the gas (natural gas) from GCS
installation at 2-3kg/cm2.
• The function of GCP is to compress received gas to high pressure of 40-42
kg/cm2.
• Highly compressed gas is sent to GGS through GCS for gas injection for
the gas lift wells.
Gas compressor stations are mainly required for:
• Compression of low-pressure solution gas produced at GCSs for gas lift
operation or long-distance transportation for consumer use.
• Compression of free gas in the later stages of production when reservoir
pressure has depleted, for long-distance transportation for consumer use.
Flow lines and pipeline networks

Network of flow lines and pipelines connected to wells, GGS, CTF, and
other installations to enable oil to move from wells to CTF or point of
dispatch

You might also like