Fact Sheet for Assessment Point KK-3

Watershed Restoration Plan

Assessment Point: KK-3 The following data are excerpts from multiple reports. While the same location in the Kinnickinnic watershed is represented, the assessment point IDs differ. Throughout the following data, Assessment Point KK-3 is also represented by: o Reach 710 o RI-710 o Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek

94
59

59

181

59

100

894

N at

io n

ve al A

Villa ge of WEST MILW AUKE E

B ur nha m S t

B ur nha m S t

SOUTH 43RD ST REET DIT CH

20 t h St 43 r d S t 35 t h St 27 t h St

C ii t y o f C ty of W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S

o el

60 t h St

ve tA

Linc oln A v e

Linc oln A v e

COMBINED SEWER AREA

24
C le v e la nd A v e

KINNICKINNIC RIVER

C le v e la nd A v e

T
Ok la hom a A v e
Fo r t es

om

ve

Ok la hom a A v e

60 t h St

C le m en t Av e

LYONS PARK CREEK

43 r d S t C ha s e A v e 20 t h St 35 t h St 27 t h St 13 t h St 6t h S t

13 t h St

45

Fo

re

st

om

ve

794
38

62
32

Mo rg an A v e

Mo rg an A v e

U
894 45
CHEROKEE PARK CREEK

241

WILSON PARK CREEK

H owa r d A ve

C ii t y o f C ty of S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S

36
B oliv ar A ve

43

94
38

100

C ii t y o f C ty of G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD

43

894

VIL LA MANN CREEK

La y ton A v e La y ton A v e

Y
62

Edg e rt on A ve

H owe ll Av e

35 t h St

20 t h St

27 t h St

13 t h St

6t h S t

24

Pe nn sy lv a nn ia A v e

HOLMES AVENUE CREEK

WILSON PARK CREEK

C ii t y o f C ty of CUDAHY CUDAHY
Gr a nge Av e

32

Gr a nge Av e

Village of HALES CORNERS

119

Village of GREENDALE

62

LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Civil Divisions

KK WATERSHED
0 1,150 2,300 Feet 4,600

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

o Nati

A na l

ve
Burnham St Burnham St

SOUTH 43RD STREET DITCH

20th St 43rd St 35th St 27th St

H st re Fo

om

e Av

l Be

o it

60th St

e Av

Linc oln Ave

Linc oln Ave

COMBINED SEWER AREA

KINNICKINNIC RIVER
Cleveland Ave

Cleveland Ave

Okla homa Ave

H st re Fo

om

e Av
Okla homa Ave

60th St

Morgan Ave

Morgan Ave

WILSON PARK CREEK

Howard Ave

CHEROKEE PARK CREEK

Bolivar Ave

VILLA MANN CREEK

Lay ton Ave Lay ton Ave

Clement Ave

LYONS PARK CREEK

43rd St Chase Ave 20th St 35th St 27th St 13th St 6th St

13th St

Edgerton Ave

HOLMES AVENUE CREEK

WILSON PARK CREEK

Pennsy lvannia Ave

Gra nge Ave

Gra nge Ave

LEGEND
Water Waterbodies Watersheds Subwatersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area Combined Sewer Service Area Civil Divisions

Howell Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

13th St

6th St

Aerial Map
0 1,100 2,200 Feet 4,400

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

94
59

59

181

59

100

894

o Na ti

nal

Av e

Villa ge of WEST MILWAUKEE

Burnham St

Burnham St

20th St

C ii tt y o ff C y o W E S T A L L II S WEST ALL S

lo Be

it

e Av

35th St

27th St

Lincoln Ave

Lincoln Ave

60th St

43rd St

24
Cleveland Ave

Cleveland Ave

T
Oklahoma Ave

s re Fo

om tH

eA

ve

KK-3
35th St 27th St

KK-9
Oklahoma Ave

13th St

45

KK-2

Fo

m Ho st re

eA

ve

794
38

KK-10
Clement Ave Chase Ave 6th St

20th St

60th St

43rd St

13th St

62 32

Morgan Ave

KINNICKINNIC RIVER

Morgan Ave

KK-1
U
894 45

241
Howard Ave

C ii tt y o ff C y o S T .. F R A N C II S ST FRANC S

KK-7 36

KK-8
Bolivar Ave

43

94
38

Layton Ave

20th St

35th St

27th St

Edger ton Ave

13th St

6th St

43

24

Pennsylvannia Ave

Howell Ave

100

C ii tt y o ff C y o G R E E N F II E L D GREENF ELD

43

894

KK-6 Y

Layton Ave

Y
62

KK-5
Grange Ave

KK-4
Grange Ave

C ii tt y o ff C y o CUDAHY CUDAHY

32

Village of HALES CORNERS

119

Village of GREENDALE

62

ZZ

ZZ

32

LEGEND
Water

Assessment Points Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division

Combined Sewer Service Area

KK Watershed Model Reach Tributary Area

0 1,200 2,400 Feet 4,800

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

r Fo

tH es

l Be

tA oi

ve

35th St

27th St

20th St

Lincoln Ave

Lincoln Ave

60th St

Clevelan d Ave

Okla hom a Ave

r Fo

t es

m Ho

e Av

KK-3

Okla hom a Ave

60th St

43rd St

35th St

20th St

Morgan Ave

Morgan Ave

LEGEND
CSO SSO

Assessment Points

Water Routing Reach Tributary Area Watershed Waterbodies Civil Division

Assessment Point Map : KK-3

0 337.5 675 Feet 1,350

NonContact Cooling Water

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

r Fo

tH es

l Be

tA oi

ve

35th St

27th St

20th St

Lincoln Ave

Clevelan d Ave

Okla hom a Ave

r Fo

tH es

om

e Av

KK-3
Okla hom a Ave

60th St

43rd St

35th St

20th St

Morgan Ave

Morgan Ave

LEGEND
Assessment Points Water Waterbodies Watersheds Routing Reach Tributary Area

Land Use

Agriculture

Outdoor Recreation, Wetland, and Woodland, Open Lands Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Manufacturing and Industrial Surface Water Civil Divisions

Low Density Residential Commercial

High Density Residential Institutional and Governemntal

Land Use Map : KK-3

0 345 690 Feet 1,380

WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN KINNICKINNIC RIVER WATERSHED

September 24, 2008

Kinnickinnic River - Variance Standards/Targets Constituent Measure Variance Standard - Geomean not to exceed Fecal Coliform Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Total Phosphorus (TP) Variance Standard - Less than 10% of all samples/month Variance Standard - Minimum Concentration USGS Median TSS Reference Concentration (estimated background concentration) Planning Guideline Richards Baker Flashiness Index (quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow; the index ranges from 0 - 2, with 0 being constant flow) Standard/Target 1,000 counts/100 ml 2,000 counts/100 ml 2 mg/l 17.2 mg/l 0.1 mg/l

Flashiness

indicator only

Kinnickinnic River Watershed Restoration Plan Fact Sheet KK-3, Reach 710, Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek
Data resulting from model runs:

Figure Flashiness index Dissolved oxygen v. days per year Fecal coliform v. days per year

Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment Good to Moderate The Flashiness Index quantifies the frequency and rapidity of short-term changes in stream flow. The index ranges from 0 Very Good to Good Variable (some good, some bad)
to 2, with 0 being constant flow. The flashiness is slightly high at this location. Typically, aquatic communities need 5 mg/l or more of dissolved oxygen to survive. Concentrations at this site do not fall below this level and are well above the 2 mg/l variance standard. For recreational uses, lower fecal coliform counts (a measure of bacteria) are better (preferably under 400 counts / 100ml). The counts on majority of the days are either below 400 or above 5,000. A potential goal in this case could be to determine the conditions that create the above 5,000 days and discourage recreational use on days that meet these conditions. As there is a variance that allows the fecal coliform counts to reach 2,000, another goal could be to find ways to decrease coliform loads in order to increase the number of days that have fewer than 2,000 counts. Phosphorus is a nutrient that can lead to increased growth of algae. The concentrations on most of the days are at or below the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline. The concentrations of phosphorus do not exceed 0.35 mg/l on any day. Suspended solids cause water to become cloudy and aesthetically unpleasant. They can clog the gills of fish and invertebrates, make feeding difficult, and lead to sediment deposition (poor habitat). The concentrations on most of the days fall below 25 mg/l. The concentrations do not exceed 150 mg/l on any day. Dissolved oxygen concentrations are highly variable at this site. Concentrations decline more than would be expected during the winter. This variability suggests that there is organic enrichment and biochemical oxygen demand in the ecosystem. The decline in dissolved oxygen concentrations during the summer is typical due to the decreased solubility of oxygen in warmer water. While the variance standard is not exceeded, the lower concentrations in the winter are an issue. While the ranges of values are fairly consistent throughout the year, note that the 75th percentile concentrations decline during the summer swimming season. This may be related to the die-off of bacteria due to solar radiation. Conditions are particularly poor in March and are likely related to snow melt. Phosphorus concentrations decline through the late spring, summer, and early fall. This may be related to uptake by plants during the growing season. Concentrations exceed the planning guideline nearly 50% of the time in March, likely related to snow melt. Suspended solids concentrations fall below the reference concentration most of the time. Most of the higher concentrations are probably related to larger rain or snow melt events that disturb bare soil. As this is a concrete-lined channel, there is little sediment to re-suspend from the stream bed.

Phosphorus v. days per year Suspended solids v. days per year Monthly dissolved oxygen Monthly fecal coliform Monthly phosphorus Monthly suspended solids

Good Very Good Moderate

Moderate Moderate Very Good

Figure Dissolved oxygen by flow Fecal coliform by flow

Overall Project Analysis Team Assessment During low flows and dry conditions, dissolved oxygen concentrations are lower relative to other flow conditions. This is Good
likely due to a lack of water agitation (which would allow greater diffusion of oxygen into the water) and high temperatures (low flow conditions are often associated with summer which has higher temperatures and lower oxygen solubility). Generally, a pollutant that is present at high concentrations during high flows and low concentrations during low flows (fecal coliform, in this case) is attributed primarily to non-point sources. The infrequent sewer overflows (once every 2-5 years) would only contribute during the high flows when substantial non-point loads are already present. Note that during any period with the highest flows, fecal coliform counts exceed the variance standard. During low flows and dry conditions, the variance standard is met all of the time. During these low flows would be the safest time for recreational uses (boating, wading, swimming), although the amount of water in the stream may limit recreational use to wading. Phosphorus concentrations are highest at high flows. This suggests the prevalence of non-point loads of phosphorus. However, concentrations periodically exceed the 0.1 mg/l planning guideline under moist conditions as well. The similarities between the phosphorus and suspended solids data suggest that the phosphorus may be associated with suspended sediment. Suspended solids concentrations increase with increased flows. This suggests a prevalence of non-point sources. Nearly all of the instances when the concentration exceeds the reference condition occur at the high flow condition. These conditions most often occur following large storms or major snow-melt events. The suspended solids may come from runoff that carries a sediment load, from stream bank erosion, or re-suspended stream sediments. Note that this site is located downstream of some concrete-lined reaches within the watershed. As a result, upstream activities such as stream bank erosion and re-suspension of stream sediments likely make less of a contribution to suspended sediment loads at this site compared to sites that are situated downstream of natural reaches that experience these activities.

Moderate to Poor

Phosphorus by flow Suspended solids by flow

Moderate

Good

Flashiness index
Reach 710 Location Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Richards Baker Flashiness Index 0.93

Average Daily Flows

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek (710) 250 AVERAGE DAILY FLOW (CFS)

200

150

100

50

0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Existing Water Quality Data

Assessment Point

Water Quality Indicator

Statistic

Condition Existing
5,373 79 371 305 2,747 89 260 152 9.4 8.8 100 0.073 0.053 85 0.74 0.74 10.6 4.2 0.0037 0.001

KK-3 Fecal Coliform Bacteria Kinnickinnic River (annual) Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek

Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<2,000 cells per 100 ml)d Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<1,000 cells per 100 ml)d

Fecal Coliform Bacteria (May-September: 153 days total)

Mean (cells per 100 ml) Percent compliance with single sample standard (<2,000 cells per 100 ml)d Geometric mean (cells per 100 ml) Days of compliance with geometric mean standard (<1,000 cells per 100 ml)d

Dissolved Oxygen

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with dissolved oxygen standard (>2 mg/l)d

Total Phosphorus

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l) Percent compliance with recommended phosphorus standard (0.1 mg/l)

Total Nitrogen

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Total Suspended Solids

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Copper

Mean (mg/l) Median (mg/l)

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek (RI 710)
400

360

320

280

Average Number of Days Per Year

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-1 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 >10

Average DO (mg/L)

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Creek (RI 710)
400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-400 400-600 600-1000 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000 >5000

Average Fecal Coliform (#/100ml)

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek (RI 710)
400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-0.05 0.05-0.1 0.1-0.15 0.15-0.2 0.2-0.25 0.25-0.3 0.3-0.35 0.35-0.4 0.4-0.45 0.45-0.5 >0.5

AverageTP (mg/L)

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek (RI 710)
400

360

320

Average Number of Days Per Year

280

240

200

160

120

80

40

0 0-25 25-50 50-75 75-100 100-125 125-150 150-175 175-200 >200

Average TSS (mg/L)

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Reach 710
Dissolved Oxygen
Flow Conditions 100
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Regulatory Standard- Special Variance (2 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

10

1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Reach 710
Fecal Coliform
Flow Conditions 1.E+05
High Flows

Regulatory Standard- Special Variance (2,000 cfu/100 mL)

Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows

Box & Whiskers

Dry Conditions Low Flows

1.E+04
C onc e ntra tion (c fu/1 0 0 m L)

1.E+03

1.E+02

1.E+01

1.E+00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Reach 710
Total Phosphorus
Flow Conditions 1.00
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Planning Standard (0.1 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

0.10

0.01
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data

Kinnickinnic River Upstream of Confluence with Wilson Park Creek Reach 710
Total Suspended Solids
Flow Conditions 1000
High Flows Moist Conditions Mid-range Flows Dry Conditions Low Flows

Reference Concentration (17.2 mg/L)

Box & Whiskers

C onc e ntra tion (m g/L)

100

10

1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Flow Duration Interval (%)

Modeled Flow Data