NAME:__________________________________________

11
GRADE/SECTION:______________________________

STATISTICS
AND PROBABILITY
Quarter IV – Week 5
Test of Hypothesis on Population
Mean

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter IV - Week 5: Test of Hypothesis on Population Mean
First Edition, 2020

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 Lesson 1

Test of Hypothesis on Population Mean

MELC: Solves problems involving test of hypothesis on the population mean

(M11/12SP-IVe-1)
Objectives: 1. State the null and alternative hypothesis on Population Mean
2. Identify the appropriate rejection region given the significance level
3. Compute the appropriate test statistic
4. Interpret the result based on computed test statistic and critical value

Let’s Try
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before the number.
______1. Which of the following is NOT true statement?
A. In hypothesis testing, a non-directional test is a one-tailed test
B. When the null hypothesis is rejected, a significant difference between
parameters exist.
C. Under the normal curve, the critical values separate the rejection region from
the rest.
D. When confidence level is 95%, alpha level is 0.05
_____ 2. What does it imply if the NULL hypothesis is being accepted?
A. The alternative hypothesis also accepted
B. There exists a significant difference between parameters
C. The computed test statistic is greater than critical value
D. The two parameters don’t have a significant difference

_____ 3. What do you call processes involved in making conclusions about population
values?
A. Estimating parameters C. Hypothesis Testing
B. Inferential Statistics D. Descriptive Statistics
_____ 4. What do you call to the probability that a parameter is contained in a range of
values?
A. Confidence Level C. Confidence Interval
B. Confidence Coefficient D. Confidence Limit
_____5. Which of the following are the 95% confidence coefficients?
A. -/+1.645 C. -/+2.33
B. -/+1.96 D. -/+1.6452.58
For numbers 6 -10 refer to the situation below

An experimental study was conducted by a researcher to

determine if a new time slot has an effect on the performance of
Grade 11 students in Statistics and Probability. 25 randomly
selected learners participated in the study. Toward the end of
the investigation, a standardized assessment was conducted.
The sample mean was 83 and the standard deviation is 2.75, In
the standardization of test the mean was 80 and standard
deviation is 1.2, use alpha level 0.05 to test the if the new time
slot is effective.
1
_____ 6. What could be the possible Null hypothesis?
A. The new time slot has an effect on the performance of Grade 11 students
B. The new time slot is effective
C. There is a significant difference between the mean
D. There is no sufficient evidence that new time slot is effective
_____ 7. What is the confidence level of the situation above?
A. 99% B. 90% C. 95% D. 85%
_____ 8. What is the critical region?
A. 1.96 B. 1.645 C. 2.33 D. 2.58
_____ 9. What is the computed test statistic?
A. 10.56 B. 12.5 C. 8.00 D. 5.45
_____ 10. What is your decision?
A. Accept the Null Hypothesis
B. Reject the Null Hypothesis
C. Do not Reject the Alternative Hypothesis
D. Reject the Alternative Hypothesis

Let’s Explore and Discover

In statistics, it’s actually rare that you can calculate the
population mean. That’s because asking an
UNLOCKING entire population about something is usually cost
OF DIFFICULTIES prohibitive or too time consuming. For example, one
Population mean, or veterinary practice probably keeps weight records of all the
expected value, is a pets that come in the door, enabling you to calculate the
measure of the central average weight of a dog for that practice. But if you were
tendency either of working for a pet food company who wanted to know the
a probability average weight of a dog, you wouldn’t be able to track down
distribution or of all the dogs in the country and weigh them. You would have
a random to take a sample (a small portion of the population of dogs)
variable characterized and weigh them.
by that distribution In In reality, we can notice that hypothesis test situations
a discrete probability may deal small or large samples. There are suggested
distribution of a random approaches that we can consider so that errors in decision-
variable X, the mean is making may be minimized if not totally eliminated
equal to the sum over
every possible value In order to view these concepts, let us look at these
weighted by the examples in real life situation
probability of that value; Example 1. Jane has just begun her new job as on the sales
that is, it is computed by force of a very competitive company. In a sample of 16 sales
taking the product of calls it was found that she closed the contract for an
each possible average value of Php. 12,500 with a standard deviation of
value x of X and its Php. 2,500. Test at 5% significance that the population
probability p(x), and mean is at least Php. 10,000. Company policy requires that
then adding all these
new members of the sales force must exceed an average of
products together
Php. 10,000 per contract during the trial employment
period. Can we conclude that Jane has met this
requirement at the significance level of 95%?

2
Steps Solution

1. Formulate the null and alternative Ho: µ= P 10,000

hypothesis Ha: µ> P 10,000

significance level of 95% alpha level at

2. Choose a significance level and the test
0.05
statistic to be used
we use t-test since n is less than 30

3. Determine if it one tailed or two tailed It is one-tailed test because the alternative
and establish the critical value hypothesis suggested that it is directional

From the t table the Critical Value is 1.753

4. Compute for the test statistic using
data from the population and the sample n = 16, α=0.05, 𝑥̅ = 12,500
s = 2,500, µ= 10.00

𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑡= 𝑠
√𝑛

12,500 − 10,000
𝑡=
2,500
√16

2,500
𝑡=
2,500
4

Computed 𝑡 = 4

5.Make decision
*If the computed value of the test Since the computed value of the test
statistic is greater than the critical value statistic is greater than the critical value
reject the null we should reject the null hypothesis
*If the computed value of the test
statistic is lower than the critical value
accept the null
6. State the conclusion Thus, we conclude that Php 12,500 per
contract is significantly larger than the
hypothesized value of Php. 10,000 and
thus we cannot accept the null hypothesis.

There is evidence that supports Jane’s

performance meets company standards.

3
Example 2. The amount of coffee dispensed by a vending machine is assumed to be
normally distributed. A vendor claims that the mean amount of coffee dispensed by the
machine is 6 ounces per cup. The office manager doubted this claim. He randomly selected
25 cups of coffee from this machine and recorded the amount of coffee dispensed in each.
The sample mean is 5.8 ounces with a standard deviation of 0.8 ounces, do the data provide
sufficient evidence to indicate that the mean amount of coffee dispensed is not equal to 6
ounces per cup use 0.05 level of significance
Steps Solution

1. Formulate the null and alternative Ho: µ= 6 0z per cup

hypothesis Ha: µ≠ 6 oz per cup

significance level of 95% alpha level at

2. Choose a significance level and the test
0.05
statistic to be used
we use t-test since n is less than 30

3. Determine if it one tailed or two tailed It is two-tailed test because the alternative
and establish the critical value hypothesis suggested that it is non-
directional

From the t table the Critical Value is

+/- 2.064
4. Compute for the test statistic using
data from the population and the sample n = 25, α=0.05, 𝑥̅ = 5.8
s = 0.8, µ= 6

𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑡= 𝑠
√𝑛

5.8 − 6
𝑡=
0.8
√25

−0.2
𝑡=
0.8
5

Computed 𝑡 = −1.25

5.Make decision
*If the computed value of the test Since the computed value of the test
statistic is greater than the critical value statistic is lower than the critical value, we
reject the null should accept the null hypothesis
*If the computed value of the test
statistic is lower than the critical value
accept the null
6. State the conclusion Thus, we conclude that 5.8 oz per cup is
not significantly lower than the
hypothesized value of 6 oz per cup and
thus we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

4
Example 3. A manufacturer claims that the average life of batteries used in their electronic
games is 150 hours. It is known that the standard deviation of this type of battery is 20
hours. A consumer wants to test the manufacturer’s claim and accordingly tests 100
electronic games using this battery and found out the mean life is equal to 169 hours. Test
the hypothesis using level of significance 0.05
Steps Solution

1. Formulate the null and alternative Ho: µ= 150 hours

hypothesis Ha: µ> 150 hours

significance level of 95% alpha level at

2. Choose a significance level and the test
0.05
statistic to be used
we use z-test since n is more than 30

3. Determine if it one tailed or two tailed It is one-tailed test because the alternative
and establish the critical value hypothesis suggested that it is directional

From the z table the Critical Value is 1.96

4. Compute for the test statistic using
data from the population and the sample n = 100, α=0.05, 𝑥̅ = 169
s = 20, µ= 150

𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑧= 𝑠
√𝑛

169 − 150
𝑧=
20
√100

19
𝑧=
20
10

Computed z = 9.5

5.Make decision
*If the computed value of the test Since the computed value of the test
statistic is greater than the critical value statistic is greater than the critical value,
reject the null we should reject the null hypothesis
*If the computed value of the test
statistic is lower than the critical value
accept the null
6. State the conclusion Thus, we conclude that that the average life
of batteries used in their electronic games
is greater than 150 hours and thus we
cannot accept the null hypothesis.

5
Example 4. An automobile manufacturer states that the mean kilometer per gallon for one
of its full-sized models is 40. Forty cars of this model were randomly selected and the
number of kilometers per gallon was recorded for each. The sample mean is 41.8 kpg with
a standard deviation of 2.8. do the data present sufficient evidence to indicate that the mean
kpg for this model is 40? Use 0.01 level of alpha
Steps Solution

1. Formulate the null and alternative Ho: µ= 40 km per gallon

hypothesis Ha: µ≠ 40 km per gallon

significance level of 99% alpha level at

2. Choose a significance level and the test
0.01
statistic to be used
we use z-test since n is more than 30

3. Determine if it one tailed or two tailed It is two-tailed test because the alternative
and establish the critical value hypothesis suggested that it is non
directional

From the z table the Critical Value is

+/- 2.575
4. Compute for the test statistic using
data from the population and the sample n = 40, α=0.01, 𝑥̅ = 41.8
s = 2.8, µ= 40

𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑧= 𝑠
√𝑛

41.8 − 40
𝑧=
2.8
√40

−1.8
𝑧=
2.8
6.32

Computed z = −4.06

5.Make decision
*If the computed value of the test Since the computed value of the test
statistic is greater than the critical value statistic is greater than the critical value,
reject the null we should reject the null hypothesis
*If the computed value of the test
statistic is lower than the critical value
accept the null
6. State the conclusion Thus, we conclude that that that the mean
kilometer per gallon for one of its full-sized
models is not equal to 40 and thus we
cannot accept the null hypothesis.

6
 Let’s Practice
ACTIVITY 1 Directions: State the null and alternative hypothesis on
Population Mean
1. An average TV viewing of all five-year old children is 4 hours daily

2. A college librarian claims that 20 story books on the average are borrowed.

3. The mean performance of all grade 11 students of a school in the NAT is 35

Points to ponder:

• How can Activity 1 help you do the problem solving? _____________________________

• Do you think that solving problem using the null and alternative hypothesis you to
get the correct answer? ___YES, ___ NO, IF NO state your reason___________________

ACTIVITY 2 Directions: Decide whether a test is two tailed or one tailed test,

1. A nutritionist claims that her developed bread is fortified with vitamin B

2. A musician believes that listening to classical music affects mood

3. a storekeeper thinks that time of day influences sales of ice cream

7
 Let’s Do More

ACTIVITY 1 Directions: Solve problems involving test of hypothesis on the

population mean by supplying the solutions on the table

1. A soda manufacturer is interested in determining whether its bottling machine

tends to overfill. Each bottle is supposed to contain12 fluid oz. A random sample
of 52 bottles was taken and found that the mean amount of soda of the sample of
bottles is 12.1 fl oz with a standard deviation of 0.2 fl oz. If the manufacturer
decides on a level o.o5 test, should the null hypothesis be rejected?
Steps Solution
1. Formulate the null and alternative
hypothesis

2. Choose a significance level and the

test statistic to be used

3. Determine if it one tailed or two

tailed and establish the critical value

4. Compute for the test statistic using

data from the population and the
sample

5.Make decision
*If the computed value of the
test statistic is greater than the critical
value reject the null
*If the computed value of the
test statistic is lower than the critical
value accept the null
6. State the conclusion

Points to ponder:

• Where do you think does the mean of probability distribution is applicable in your
daily situation? ___________________________________________________________
8
 Let’s Sum It Up

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if is not.

_____1. A central Limit theorem applies when n < 30

_____2. If it is two-tailed test, then it is non directional

_____3. When alpha level is 0.05, then the significance level is at 99%

_____4. When we fail to reject the Null hypothesis, we should accept the Alternative

_____5. Under the normal curve, the critical values separate the rejection region from the
rest
_____6. In hypothesis testing, the computed test statistic is compared to critical value for
decision-making
_____7. When n is greater than 30, we use the z test

_____8. Under the z table, the critical value of alpha level 0.05 is 1.96

_____9. T table is use only when the n < 30

_____10.If the computed value of the test statistic is greater than the critical value fail reject
the null

Let’s Assess
Directions: Read each question carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
provided before the number.

_____ 1. What does it imply if the NULL hypothesis is being accepted?

A. The alternative hypothesis also accepted
B. There exists a significant difference between parameters
C. The computed test statistic is greater than critical value
D. The two parameters don’t have a significant difference
_____ 2. What do you call to the probability that a parameter is contained in a range of
values?
A. Confidence Level C. Confidence Interval
B. Confidence Coefficient D. Confidence Limit

______3. Which of the following is NOT true statement?

A. In hypothesis testing, a non-directional test is a one-tailed test
B. When the null hypothesis is rejected, a significant difference between
parameters exist.
C. Under the normal curve, the critical values separate the rejection region from
the rest.
D. When confidence level is 95%, alpha level is 0.05

9
_____4. Which of the following are the 95% confidence coefficients?
A. -/+1.645 C. -/+2.33
B. -/+1.96 D. -/+1.6452.58

_____ 5. What do you call processes involved in making conclusions about population
values?
A. Estimating parameters C. Hypothesis Testing
B. Inferential Statistics D. Descriptive Statistics

For numbers 6 -10 refer to the situation below

An experimental study was conducted by a researcher to

determine if a new time slot has an effect on the performance of
Grade 11 students in Statistics and Probability. 25 randomly
selected learners participated in the study. Toward the end of
the investigation, a standardized assessment was conducted.
The sample mean was 83 and the standard deviation is 2.75, In
the standardization of test the mean was 80 and standard
deviation is 1.2, use alpha level 0.05 to test the if the new time
slot is effective.

_____ 6. What could be the possible Null hypothesis?

A. There is a significant difference between the mean
B. There is no sufficient evidence that new time slot is effective
C. The new time slot has an effect on the performance of Grade 11 students
D. The new time slot is effective

_____ 7. What is the confidence level of the situation above?

A. 90% B. 95% C. 99% D. 80%

_____ 8. What is the critical region?

A. 2.575 B. 2.33 C. 1.645 D. 1.96

_____ 9. What is the computed test statistic?

A. 5.45 B. 8.0 C. 12.5 D. 10.46

_____ 10. What is your decision? B

A. Accept the Null Hypothesis
B. Reject the Null Hypothesis
C. Do not Reject the Alternative Hypothesis
D. Reject the Alternative Hypothesis

10
 Answer Key
Lesson 1
Let’s Practice Let’s Do More

Activity 1
Steps Solution
1. Ho: µ= 4 hours daily
1. Formulate the null and Ho: µ= 12 fl oz
Ha: µ ≠ 4 hours daily alternative hypothesis Ha: µ≠ 12 fl oz

2. Ho: µ= 20 story books significance level of 95%

2. Choose a significance level
alpha level at 0.05
Ha: µ ≠ 20 story books and the test statistic to be
we use z-test since n is
used
more than 30
3.. Ho: µ= 35

Ha: µ ≠ 35 3. Determine if it one tailed or It is two-tailed test because

two tailed and establish the the alternative hypothesis
Activity 2 critical value suggested that it is non
directional
1. One-tailed
From the z table the Critical
2. Two-tailed Value is
3. Two-tailed +/- 1.96
4. Compute for the test
statistic using data from the n = 52, α=0.5, 𝑥̅ = 12.1
population and the sample s = 0.2, µ= 12

𝑥̅ − 𝜇
𝑧= 𝑠
Let’s Sum It Up √𝑛

1. False 6. True 12.1 − 12

𝑧=
0.2
2. True 7. True √52

3. False 8. True
−0.1
𝑧=
4. False 9. True 0.2
7.21
5. True 10. False Computed z = −3.605

5.Make decision
Let’s Try *If the computed Since the computed value of
value of the test statistic is the test statistic is greater
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B greater than the critical value than the critical value, we
reject the null should reject the null
6.D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B *If the computed hypothesis
value of the test statistic is
Let’s Assess lower than the critical value
accept the null
6. State the conclusion Thus, we conclude that its
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C bottling machine tends to
overfill and thus we cannot
6.B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B accept the null hypothesis.

References
Website

https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/population-mean.html
11
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