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The document outlines guidelines for describing graphs and charts, emphasizing the importance of clarity and objectivity in analysis. It suggests specific phrases to use when interpreting data and provides rules for structure and tense usage. Additionally, it includes sample analyses of graphs related to internet users and fish production in Bangladesh, highlighting trends and significant changes over time.

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arkoking228
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3 views

Graph-or-Chart-Latest (1)

The document outlines guidelines for describing graphs and charts, emphasizing the importance of clarity and objectivity in analysis. It suggests specific phrases to use when interpreting data and provides rules for structure and tense usage. Additionally, it includes sample analyses of graphs related to internet users and fish production in Bangladesh, highlighting trends and significant changes over time.

Uploaded by

arkoking228
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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10.

Describing graphs and charts

Charts and graphs should be written in such a way so that the students may ask themselves most of the following
questions :

a. What exactly does the chart/graph show?


b. What are the axes and what are the units?
c. Are there any obvious trends?
d. Is there any significant information?
e. Are there any obvious exceptions to general trends?
f. What conclusions can be drawn from the information presented in the graphs/charts?

In answer to the above questions, You can use following phrases according to Board :
i. The graph suggests / shows that........
ii. The most significant fact is that.......
iii. In spite of this increase / decrease,..........
iv. This could well be due to.....
v. This is supported by the fact that.....
vi. An important point to note is that......
vii. It is quite clear from this data that......
viii. The chart indicates that....

Rules for Graph/Chart:

1. There may have a title (not mandatory)


2. There should have, at least, 3 para (Like- Introduction/Description/Conclusion)
3. Be careful with the Use of Tense. Use Present when you write anything about your observation from the graph. In
the case of year-wise explanation, use of Past Tense is quite common. Present Perfect can also be used as per
context.
4. Instead of writing We can see/We find, write It is seen/It can be said….[Objective Writing]
5. Don’t write the line went down/the line rises to….
6. No Personal Comment. Just write down what exactly in the graph is.

SAMPLE GRAPH/CHART

Q. The graph below shows "The number of internet users in town and village from 2010 to 2015". Describe the graph in 150
words. You should highlight and summarize the information given in the graph. 10

 % of internet users in town.

 % of internet users in village.

The column chart, here, illustrates the number of internet users in town and village from 2010 to 2015. In the graph, the
horizontal line represents Year; on the other hand, the vertical line represents percentage of the internet users. Also, the white
bars demonstrate percentage of internet users in town while the black bars demonstrate percentage of internet users in village.

According to the graph, in the year 2010, it can be seen that the number of internet users in town is only 10% whereas it is
only 4% in rural areas which 6% less than the urban areas. Next, in 2011, the scenario remains almost same where 14% users
are from town and 5% are from village and the difference is 9%. In the year 2012, the number of internet users in town
increases by 6% and it stands on 20% while the number in village increases by 3% only and it stands on 8%. Here, the
number of internet users in village is slightly more than the previous two years. Later, in 2013, surprisingly, the internet users
in town is double than the users of village and this is a bit exceptional in comparison to other years, presented in the chart.
After that, in 2014, the uprising trend continues as usual with 35% users from town and 20% users from village. Lastly, in
2015, the percentage of internet users in town and village rises at peak with 45% and 25% respectively which is the highest
in last 5 years.
In conclusion, it is crystal clear that the data suggests a consistent upward trend for both categories i.e. black and white where
the white category demonstrates a significantly higher percentage increase throughout the period.

Look at the chart. It shows fish production of Bangladesh in the fiscal year 2011-12. Now analyze the chart focusing
the main aspects (At least in 80 words).

The two pie charts show the different sectors of fish production in Bangladesh in two years. Here, it is found that sector-wise
fish production is different in two years i.e 2011-2012 and 1983-1984.

In 1983-84, it can be seen that contribution of fish production from inland open water is 22 percent which has decreased to
17.74 percent in 2011-12. Inland closed water contributed to fish production more in 1983-84 than in 2011-12 which is
respectively 63% and 29.34%. On the contrary, Marine catch has less contribution in 1983-84 than in 2011-12 that is
respectively 15 % and 52.92% of total fish production.

To sum up, it can be said that inland open water as well as inland closed water fish production is decreasing very fast while
marine catch fish production is increasing day by day.
Qs. Look at the chart below. It shows the sources of air pollution in a city. Now analyze
the chart in at least 80 words focusing the main aspects. 10
Sources of air pollution

The given pie chart illustrates the percentage contribution of different sources to a particular phenomenon, such as pollution
or emissions. The categories include vehicles, factories, cooking and domestic activities, railway engines, brick-fields, and
powerhouses.

Overall, vehicles contribute the largest share, making up 60% of the total, while powerhouses account for the smallest
portion at just 2%. The remaining categories have significantly lower contributions compared to vehicles but still play a role
in the overall distribution. Factories are the second-largest contributor, responsible for 15% of the total. Cooking and
domestic activities make up 10%, followed by brick-fields at 8%. Railway engines contribute a relatively small percentage of
5%, while powerhouses have the least impact at 2%.

So, it is evident that vehicles are the dominant source, making up more than half of the total contribution, while the other
categories collectively account for the remaining 40%. Factories also play a notable role, whereas powerhouses and railway
engines have a minimal effect.

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