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WS CH-9 FLUIDS -XI

This document is an assignment for Class XI Physics focusing on the mechanical properties of fluids. It includes multiple-choice questions, very short answer questions, short answer questions, long answer questions, and case study questions related to fluid mechanics concepts such as Bernoulli's theorem, viscosity, and hydraulic systems. The assignment aims to assess students' understanding of fluid dynamics and related principles.

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Daksh Sharma
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18 views

WS CH-9 FLUIDS -XI

This document is an assignment for Class XI Physics focusing on the mechanical properties of fluids. It includes multiple-choice questions, very short answer questions, short answer questions, long answer questions, and case study questions related to fluid mechanics concepts such as Bernoulli's theorem, viscosity, and hydraulic systems. The assignment aims to assess students' understanding of fluid dynamics and related principles.

Uploaded by

Daksh Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT 9 (Session: 2024-25)

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CLASS : XI
TOPIC : MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS

MCQ QUESTIONS:-

Q1. The spherical shape of rain-drop is due to


(a) Density of the liquid (b) Surface tension
(c) Atmospheric pressure (d) Gravity

Q2. A hydraulic lift is designed to lift a car of mass 1500 kg. If the area of the smaller piston is 0.01 m² and
that of the larger piston is 0.5 m², what force is required on the smaller piston to lift the car?
(a) 1470 N
(b) 735 N
(c) 98 N
(d) 294 N
Q3.

Q4.
Q5.

Q6. Bernoulli’s equation is derived from which principle?


 (a) Conservation of mass
 (b) Conservation of energy
 (c) Conservation of momentum
 (d) Newton’s second law
Q7. When a fluid flows through a pipe with varying cross-sectional area, which quantity remains constant
throughout the flow according to the continuity equation?
 (a) Pressure
 (b) Velocity
 (c) Mass flow rate
 (d) Potential energy
Q8. A tank is filled with water up to a height of 10 meters. A hole is made at a depth of 4 meters from the
surface. What is the speed of water flowing out of the hole?
 (a) 6.26 m/s
 (b) 7.89 m/s
 (c) 8.85 m/s
 (d) 9.9 m/s
Q9. A solid cube of side 10 cm is floating on water with 1 cm of its height above the surface. What is the
density of the cube?
 (a) 500 kg/m3
 (b) 600 kg/m3
 (c) 700 kg/m3
 (d) 800 kg/m3
Q10.

Q11.

Q12.
Q13.

Q14.

Q15.
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi)
VERY SHORT ANSWER(1 MARK)
Q.1 Why is it difficult to stop bleeding from a cut in human body at high altitude ?

Q.2 How does rise in temperature affect (i) viscosity of gases (ii) viscosity of liquids ?

Q.3 What happens when a capillary tube of insufficient length is dipped in a liquid ?

Q.4 Obtain a relation between SI unit and cgs unit of coefficient of viscosity.

Q.5 Explain why detergents should have small angle of contact ?

Q6. Why does a liquid rise in a narrow tube in capillary action, and how would the height of rise change if
the tube's diameter were doubled?

Q7. If two soap bubbles of different radii are connected by a tube, what will happen to the bubbles and
why?

Q8. How does the viscosity of a fluid affect the rate at which an object falls through it? Explain using
Stokes' Law.

Q9. Explain why blood pressure is measured at the arm level and not at the height of the legs or head.

Q10. How would the pressure at a certain depth in a liquid change if the container were taken to a place
with double the atmospheric pressure?

Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks)


Q.11 Two soap bubbles of different diameter are in contact with a certain portion common to both the
bubbles. What will be the shape of the common boundary as seen from inside the smaller bubble ?
Support your answer with a neat diagram and justify your answer.

Q.12 In a hydraulic lift air exerts a force F on a small piston of radius 5 cm. The pressure is transmitted to
the second piston of radius 15 cm. If a car of mass 1350 kg is to be lifted, calculate force F that is to
be applied.

Q.13 Calculate the velocity with which a liquid emerges from a small hole in the side of a tank of large
cross-sectional area if the hole is 0.2 m below the surface liquid (g = 10 ms–2).

Q14. Why does the terminal velocity of a raindrop increase as it falls from a greater height?

Q15.
Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)
Q.16 The terminal velocity of a tiny droplet is v. N number of such identical droplets combine together
forming a bigger drop. Find the terminal velocity of the bigger drop.

Q.17 Two spherical soap bubble coalesces. If v be the change in volume of the contained air, A is the
change in total surface area then show that 3PV + 4AT = 0 where T is the surface tension and P is
atmospheric pressure.

Q.18 Two vessels have the same base area but different shapes. The first vessels takes twice the volume
of water that the second vessel requires to fill up to a particular common height. Is the force exerted
by the water on the base of the vessel the same ? Why do the vessels filled to same height give
different reading on weighing scale.
Q19.

Q20.

Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

Q.21 Show that there is always an excess pressure on the concave side of the meniscus of a liquid. Obtain
an expression for the excess pressure inside (i) a liquid drop (ii) soap bubble (iii) air bubble inside a
liquid.

Q.22 State and prove Bernoulli’s theorem. Give its limitation. Name any two applications of the principle.

Q23. Explain Pascal’s Law and its applications. How does this law explain the working of a hydraulic
press?

Q24. Explain Viscosity and derive the expression for the force of viscous drag on a spherical object
moving through a fluid. Discuss its applications.

Q25. Describe Fluid Flow in terms of Streamline and Turbulent Flow. Derive an expression for the
Reynolds Number and explain its significance in determining the type of flow.

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

Q1. In a car garage, a hydraulic lift is used to lift cars. The system consists of two pistons: a small piston
with a radius of 5 cm and a large piston with a radius of 20 cm. The small piston is pressed with a force of
50 N, and the fluid used in the lift is oil with a density of 900 kg/m³.
The hydraulic system follows Pascal's Law, which states that the pressure applied to the fluid is
transmitted equally in all directions. The pressure exerted by the small piston is transferred to the large
piston, resulting in a lifting force on the car.
Question:
1. Calculate the lifting force on the large piston.
2. If the car weighs 2000 N, will the lift be able to raise the car?

Case Study 2: Blood Flow in Arteries


A patient has a condition that causes a narrowing in one of the major arteries, increasing the velocity of
blood flow in the constricted region. The blood velocity at the point of narrowing is observed to be 0.8
m/s, and the diameter of the artery at this point is 2 cm. The average velocity of blood in the rest of the
artery is 0.4 m/s, and the diameter of the rest of the artery is 4 cm. Blood is an incompressible fluid, and
the flow is steady.
Question:
1. Using the principle of continuity equation, calculate the flow rate of blood in the artery at the
normal and constricted sections.
2. Explain how Bernoulli's principle explains the effect of narrowing on blood flow.

Case Study 3: Airplane Wing and Lift


An airplane wing has an air foil shape, where the upper surface is curved, and the lower surface is relatively
flat. As air moves over the wing, the air moves faster over the top surface than under the bottom surface.
This difference in velocity creates a pressure difference, with lower pressure on the top surface and higher
pressure on the bottom surface, causing an upward lifting force.
Question:
1. Using Bernoulli’s theorem, explain how the difference in pressure between the top and bottom
surfaces of the wing generates lift.
2. If the speed of the air on top of the wing is 300 m/s and the speed of air on the bottom is 270 m/s,
calculate the pressure difference using Bernoulli's equation. Assume the density of air is 1.2
kg/m³.

Case Study 4: Flow of Water through a Pipe

Water is flowing through a long, horizontal pipe with a diameter of 10 cm. The flow rate is 0.05 m³/s, and
the pipe has a length of 100 m. The pipe is made of smooth material, but there is some frictional resistance
due to the flow. The pressure at the beginning of the pipe is 200 kPa, and at the end of the pipe, the
pressure is 150 kPa.
Question:
1. Calculate the head loss due to friction.
2. Determine the velocity of the water in the pipe.

Case Study 6: Venturi Effect in a Pipeline

A water pipeline has a constriction at a certain point, causing the velocity of water to increase. The
diameter of the pipe at the wider section is 0.5 m, and the diameter at the constriction is 0.2 m. The
velocity of water at the wider section is 2 m/s.
Question:
1. Using the continuity equation, calculate the velocity of water at the constriction.
2. Using Bernoulli’s theorem, explain how the pressure in the constricted region compares to the
pressure in the wider section.

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