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normal_distribution

The document contains a series of statistical problems related to normal distribution, covering topics such as waiting times, distances thrown, probabilities of events, and performance metrics. Each section includes specific questions that require calculations based on given means and standard deviations. The problems are designed to apply concepts of probability and statistics in real-life scenarios.

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naaaaz
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6 views

normal_distribution

The document contains a series of statistical problems related to normal distribution, covering topics such as waiting times, distances thrown, probabilities of events, and performance metrics. Each section includes specific questions that require calculations based on given means and standard deviations. The problems are designed to apply concepts of probability and statistics in real-life scenarios.

Uploaded by

naaaaz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normal Distribution

Time – 2 Hrs

1 The waiting time in a doctor's surgery is normally distributed with


mean 15 minutes and standard deviation 4.2 minutes.
(i) Find the probability that a patient has to wait less than 10 minutes to
see the doctor. [3]
(ii) 10% of people wait longer than 𝑇 minutes. Find 𝑇. [3]
(iii) In a given week, 200 people attend the surgery. Estimate the
number of these who wait more than 20 minutes. [3]

2 The distance in metres that a ball can be thrown by pupils at a


particular school follows a normal distribution with mean 35.0 m and
standard deviation 11.6 m.
(i) Find the probability that a randomly chosen pupil can throw a ball
between 30 and 40 m. [3]
(ii) The school gives a certificate to the 10% of pupils who throw
further than a certain distance. Find the least distance that must be
thrown to qualify for a certificate. [3]

3 (i) A manufacturer of biscuits produces 3 times as many cream ones


as chocolate ones. Biscuits are chosen randomly and packed into boxes
of 10 . Find the probability that a box contains equal numbers of cream
biscuits and chocolate biscuits. [2]
(ii) A random sample of 8 boxes is taken. Find the probability that
exactly 1 of them contains equal numbers of cream biscuits and
chocolate biscuits. [2]
(iii) A large box of randomly chosen biscuits contains 120 biscuits.
Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that it contains
fewer than 35 chocolate biscuits. [5]

4 Tyre pressures on a certain type of car independently follow a normal


distribution with mean 1.9 bars and standard deviation 0.15 bars.
(i) Find the probability that all four tyres on a car of this type have
pressures between 1.82 bars and 1.92 bars. [5]
(ii) Safety regulations state that the pressures must be between 1.9 − 𝑏
bars and 1.9 + 𝑏 bars. It is known that 80% of tyres are within these
safety limits. Find the safety limits. [3]

5 In tests on a new type of light bulb it was found that the time they
lasted followed a normal distribution with standard deviation 40.6
hours. 10% lasted longer than 5130 hours.
(i) Find the mean lifetime, giving your answer to the nearest hour. [3]
(ii) Find the probability that a light bulb fails to last for 5000 hours. [3]
(iii) A hospital buys 600 of these light bulbs. Using a suitable
approximation, find the probability that fewer than 65 light bulbs will
last longer than 5130 hours. [4]

6 (i) Give an example of a variable in real life which could be modelled


by a normal distribution. [1]
(ii) The random variable 𝑋 is normally distributed with mean 𝜇 and
variance 21.0 . Given that P(𝑋 > 10.0) = 0.7389, find the value of 𝜇. [3]
(iii) If 300 observations are taken at random from the distribution in
part (ii), estimate how many of these would be greater than 22.0. [4]

7 The random variable 𝑋 has a normal distribution with mean 4.5. It is


given that P(𝑋 > 5.5) = 0.0465 (see
diagram).
(i) Find the standard deviation of 𝑋. [3]
(ii) Find the probability that a random
observation of 𝑋 lies between 3.8 and 4.8.
[4]

8 On any occasion when a particular gymnast performs a certain


routine, the probability that she will perform it correctly is 0.65 ,
independently of all other occasions.
(i) Find the probability that she will perform the routine correctly on
exactly 5 occasions out of 7. [2]
(ii) On one day she performs the routine 50 times. Use a suitable
approximation to estimate the probability that she will perform the
routine correctly on fewer than 29 occasions. [5]
(iii) On another day she performs the routine 𝑛 times. Find the smallest
value of 𝑛 for which the expected number of correct performances is at
least 8. [2]
9 A die is biased so that the probability of throwing a 5 is 0.75 and the
probabilities of throwing a 1,2 , 3,4 or 6 are all equal.
(i) The die is thrown three times. Find the probability that the result is a
1 followed by a 5 followed by any even number. [3]
(ii) Find the probability that, out of 10 throws of this die, at least 8
throws result in a 5 . [3]
(iii) The die is thrown 90 times. Using an appropriate approximation,
find the probability that a 5 is thrown more than 60 times. [5]

10 (i) The daily minimum temperature in degrees Celsius ( ∘ C ) in


January in Ottawa is a random variable with distribution N(−15.1,62.0).
Find the probability that a randomly chosen day in January in Ottawa
has a minimum temperature above 0∘ C. [3]
(ii) In another city the daily minimum temperature in ∘ C in January is a
random variable with distribution N(𝜇, 40.0). In this city the probability
that a randomly chosen day in January has a minimum temperature
above 0∘ C is 0.8888. Find the value of 𝜇. [3]

11 The times for a certain car journey have a normal distribution with
mean 100 minutes and standard deviation 7 minutes. Journey times are
classified as follows:

'short' (the shortest 33% of times),

'long' (the longest 33% of times),

'standard' (the remaining 34% of times).

(i) Find the probability that a randomly chosen car journey takes
between 85 and 100 minutes. [3]
(ii) Find the least and greatest times for 'standard' journeys. [4]
12 The numbers of rides taken by two students, Fei and Graeme, at a
fairground are shown in the following table.

Roller Water Revolving


coaster slide drum

Fei 4 2 0

Graeme 1 3 6

(i) The mean cost of Fei's rides is $2.50 and the standard deviation of
the costs of Fei's rides is $0. Explain how you can tell that the roller
coaster and the water slide each cost $2.50 per ride. [2]
(ii) The mean cost of Graeme's rides is $3.76. Find the standard
deviation of the costs of Graeme's rides. [5]

13 The random variable 𝑋 is normally distributed with mean 𝜇 and


standard deviation 𝜎.
(i) Given that 5𝜎 = 3𝜇, find P(𝑋 < 2𝜇). [5]
(ii) With a different relationship between 𝜇 and 𝜎, it is given that
1
P (𝑋 < 𝜇) = 0.8524. Express 𝜇 in terms of 𝜎. [3]
3

14 The heights that children of a particular age can jump have a normal
distribution. On average, 8 children out of 10 can jump a height of more
than 127 cm , and 1 child out of 3 can jump a height of more than 135
cm .
(i) Find the mean and standard deviation of the heights the children can
jump. [5]
(ii) Find the probability that a randomly chosen child will not be able to
jump a height of 145 cm . [3]
(iii) Find the probability that, of 8 randomly chosen children, at least 2
will be able to jump a height of more than 135 cm . [3]

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