Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report

PUBLIC

Project Number: 52096-001

February 2024

Regional: Southeast Asia Energy Sector

Development, Investment Planning and Capacity
Building Facility

Cambodia: Support for a Sustainable Power Sector

Prepared by Intelligent Energy Systems Pty Ltd (IES), Australia in association with CCDE
Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd, Cambodia, DIgSILENT PacifiC, Australia, and Innovation
Energie Developpement, France

For Asian Development Bank and Kingdom of Cambodia

This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and
ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents.
 Cambodia Power Development Master Plan 2022-2040
Executive Summary

1 Introduction
The Power Development Master Plan (PDP) of Cambodia 2022-2040 has been prepared under the framework
of cooperation between the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) and the Asian Development Bank. The
preparation of the PDP was guided by an inter-agency technical working group of the RGC, and its different
components were reviewed and approved by an inter-ministerial committee led by the Ministry of Mines and
Energy prior to final approval by the Royal Government of Cambodia. The PDP is a comprehensive and long-
term plan for the development of Cambodia’s power sector, and it lays out a detailed roadmap for the 2022-
2040 period, which includes demand forecasts, generation expansion, and a transmission and distribution plan.
The PDP was developed to fulfil the vision of the Royal Government of Cambodia of providing energy to
consumers in an affordable, reliable, and stable manner across all sectors in Cambodia while at the same time
strengthening the security of supply and an efficient use of energy, prioritizing the development of Renewable
Energy (RE) resources, minimizing environmental impacts associated with developments in the power sector,
and step up decarbonization efforts in line with the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement and Cambodia’s Long-
Term Strategy for Carbon Neutrality.

2 Objectives and Scope

Cambodia’s PDP 2022-2040 was developed with three main objectives: Firstly, to fulfil the future demand for
power adequacy with the supply of electricity in a reliable1 and affordable2 way across all sectors in Cambodia.
Secondly, to strengthen energy security by reducing the dependency on energy imports and maximizing the
development of domestic energy resources. And thirdly, to increase the share of clean energy, including
renewable3 and variable renewable energy4, and energy efficiency5, without compromising the reliability and
affordability of supply, to contribute to the achievement of Cambodia’s national environmental goals and global
commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
To fulfil the above objectives, the PDP was developed along four primary components: 1) demand forecasts, 2)
generation expansion development plans, 3) a high voltage transmission development strategy, and 4) a
distribution development strategy. A summary of these components is provided in the sections below and is
divided into two parts: 1). A summary report on each component, 2). Annexes that contain tables and figures
with the summarized results of the PDP.

3 Component 1: Demand Forecasts

Cambodia’s power system has experienced remarkable growth in demand over the past decade. Peak demand
has risen from 508 MW in 2012 to 2,026 MW by 2021, averaging an annual growth rate of 19%. Due to the rapid
development of power system infrastructure, Cambodia has been ranked one of the fastest electrifying
countries in the world6, achieving an impressive village electrification rate of 98.27% by the midst of 2022, up
from just 34% in 2010.

1 Reliable power refers to the development of adequate generation and transmission capacity to meet demand by minimizing
the risks of failure
2 Affordable power means that the power generation mix is determined as the least cost approach to the delivery of reliable

power
3 Renewable energy (RE) refers to energy derived from all forms of renewable resources available, including hydro, bioenergy,

and variable renewable energy

4 Variable renewable energy (VRE) refers to intermittent renewable sources of energy generation, nam ely Solar PV and wind
5 Energy efficiency (EE) refers to consuming less energy to perform the exact same energy-related activity with a given energy

input (thereby reducing energy waste)

6
Source: IEA, IRENA, UNSD, World Bank, WHO. 2020. Tracking SDG 7: Th e Energy Progress Report. World Bank, Washington
DC. https://www.irena.org/publications/2020/May/Tracking-SDG7-The-Energy-Progress-Report-2020
1
As a basis for preparing the generation expansion development plan, the PDP has projected the growth of
national electricity demand in Cambodia over the 2022-2040 period by benchmarking against regional trends in
neighbouring Thailand and Vietnam, and then a regression analysis was applied to decompose the growth
against gross domestic product of Cambodia by sector. The final step involved reconciling projections for three
growth cases: 1) Low Demand Growth, 2) Medium Demand Growth, and 3) High Demand Growth.
The Medium Demand Growth case for Cambodia’s electricity sector projects demand to reach 24 TWh by 2025,
36 TWh by 2030, 50 TWh by 2035, and up to 66 TWh by 2040. The National Energy Efficiency Policy (NEEP)
proposes to increase the efficient use of energy in Cambodia by targeting 20% energy savings for the Industrial
sector, 17% in the residential sector, 25% in the commercial sector, and 17% in the electricity supply from rural
electricity enterprises (REEs) by 2030. By implementing the NEEP, Cambodia’s electricity demand under the
Medium Demand Growth case is projected to 30 TWh by 2030, 42 TWh by 2035, and 55 TWh by 2040.
The figures on energy demand (both power and electricity) under the Medium Demand Growth scenario and
energy savings to be achieved by implementing the NEEP are presented in Annex 1.

4 Component 2: Generation Expansion Development Plan

The objective of preparing the generation expansion development plan for 2022-2040 is to meet growing
electricity demand while at the same time ensuring the security, reliability, and affordability of energy supply,
encouraging the utilization of domestic energy resources, and maximising the deployment of clean energy
(renewable energy and energy efficiency) in order to support the implementation of Cambodia’s Nationally
Determined Contributions (NDC) and Long-Term Strategy on Carbon Neutrality as part of the Country’s global
commitments to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

To achieve this objective, the generation plan in the PDP involved the assessment of five planning scenarios as
follows. Scenario 1: a conventional Coal and Hydro mix; Scenario 2: follows the first scenario but includes the
development of Liquified Natural Gas-fired power plants; Scenario 3: follows the second scenario but increases
the uptake of variable renewable energy; Scenario 4: follows the third scenario but includes the NEEP’s energy
savings in the demand forecast; and Scenario 5: features a contingency variation of scenario 4 that was
formulated to establish an alternative generation expansion strategy in the case of unforeseen delays in the
commissioning of planned large power plants. This component of the PDP includes a list of power plants for
development over the 2022-2040 period, which is provided in Annex 2 of this report.

All generation planning scenarios have been evaluated to satisfy system adequacy and reliability requirements,
which includes maintaining a minimum 20% reserve margin of capacity supply relative to projected peak
demand in the dry season. This reserve criterion was set to ensure that system planners have a safeguard in
place to react to any unforeseen changes throughout the 2022 to 2040 PDP period. An extensive list of factors
was analysed in depth to compare the generation planning outcomes of each scenario. Key considerations
included capacity and generation supply outlook, annual power system costs and levelized cost of energy (LCOE),
investment needs, the role of variable renewable and domestic energy resources, dry and wet season reserve
margins, emissions and carbon prices, and take-or-pay requirements of power purchase agreements. A
sensitivity analysis on low and high demand projections as well as variations on pricing for fuels, carbon
emissions, and take-or-pay violations was carried out to analyse the impact of some key variables on each
scenario.

Scenario 4 was selected as the final generation expansion development plan for 2022-2040 as it provides a
balanced strategy for Cambodia’s power sector to meet its primary objectives of meeting demand in an
affordable, reliable, and secure manner, while adhering to national and global commitments on the climate and
the environment, maximizing the deployment of domestic renewable energy resources and energy efficiency
measures, and excluding the development of additional coal plants and hydro dams on the mainstream Mekong
River. Low-carbon energy alternatives to uncommitted projects in Scenario 4 will be evaluated and considered
in the future, including emerging technologies such as Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) and
hydrogen.

2
Under scenario 4, the installed capacity supply mix in 2030 will be comprised of 2,266 MW of Coal (40.4%), 1,558
MW of Hydro (27.7%), 490 MW of Fuel Oil (8.7%), 1,005 MW of Solar PV (17.9%), 200 MW of Battery Energy
Storage System (BESS) (3.6%), 98 MW of Biomass (1.7%), 3,095 MW of power imports from Laos, 700 MW of
power imports from Thailand, and the equivalent of 1,215 MW of capacity saved through the adoption of energy
efficiency measures.

By 2040, the installed capacity mix will rise to 2,266 MW of Coal (21.4%), 2,973 MW of Hydro (28.0%), 490 MW
of Fuel Oil (4.6%), 900 MW of natural gas (8.5%), 3,155 MW of Solar PV (29.8%), 620 MW of BESS (5.8%), 198
MW of Biomass (1.9%), 3,095 MW of power imports from Laos, 1,000 MW of power imports from Thailand, and
the equivalent of 2,205 MW of capacity saved through the adoption of energy efficiency measures.

Cambodia’s Power Development Plan 2022-2040 will require a total of US $9,260 million of investment to
expand domestic generation capacity. Of this total, US $2,539 million has been already committed over the
2022-25 period, primarily for the projects that are currently under development. Investment requirements from
2026 to 2031 are low due to the full uptake of scheduled power imports from Laos and advancements in energy
efficiency measures. From 2032 onwards, the remaining amount is allocated to planned hydro dams (non-
mainstream Mekong River), solar PV plants, and BESS projects.

The PDP provides Cambodia with an optimal strategy for transitioning the power system towards a cleaner grid
while maintaining existing government agreements. It takes an effective approach to reduce emissions through
the deployment of renewable energy, the implementation of energy efficiency upgrades, and leveraging
interconnections to import power from neighbouring systems.

Scenario 5 has been selected as a contingency plan that would be triggered if there are unforeseen delays in the
commissioning of planned large power plants (both domestic and power imports). One of the key implications
from this scenario is that planned hydro projects and other domestic renewable resources under Scenario 4
would need to be deployed earlier, which will require greater investments in new generation supply capacity
for Cambodia’s system.

5 Component 3: Transmission Development Plan for the High Voltage network

The aim of this component of the PDP is to establish a nationwide interconnected high-voltage (HV) transmission
network that can transmit electricity generated from all sources to supply large consumers and grid sub-stations,
and subsequently to high, medium and low-voltage consumers.

Prior to 2010, Cambodia had two isolated HV transmission systems. The first system was located in the South-
Eastern part of the country, covering Phnom Penh, Kandal and Takeo Provinces, and interconnected to
Vietnam’s grid. The second system was located in the North-Western part of the country, covering Battambang,
Banteay Meanchey and Siem Reap Provinces, and interconnected to Thailand’s grid. By 2015, the two systems
were connected with the development of transmission lines in adjacent provinces, and by 2021 evolved into a
fully integrated National Grid that extends across the Country.

The preparation of the Transmission Development Plan under Cambodia’s PDP 2022-2040 involved modelling
and analysing the development of Cambodia’s power system and network in snapshot years of 2025, 2030,
2035, and 2040, and establishing the augmentations required to deliver energy consistent with demand and
generation plans. The analysis was based on generation planning Scenario 4 with the objective of ensuring the
development of an efficient, reliable and operable power system. Power flow and dynamic stability assessments
were carried out to ensure grid reliability during the wet and dry seasons from 2022-2040 across the country.
This component of the PDP includes a list and map of transmission infrastructure investments for development
of the HV network over the 2022-2040 period, which are provided in Annex 3.

The PDP’s transmission development plan will require a total of US $1,796 million in expanding HV network
infrastructure over 2022-2040. Of this total, $816 million is committed by 2025 as priority projects for
development, and from 2022-2040 an additional $980 million in planned HV network infrastructure is needed

3
for installing 230 kV and 500 kV lines, transformers, reactive plants, series capacitors, and resilience upgrades.
A breakdown of these investment figures by type of network infrastructure is provided in Annex 3.

Cambodia’s 2022-2040 PDP features a transmission development plan that is both secure and reliable and
provides a cost-effective strategy for expanding the HV network to meet forecasted demands with incremental
power supply, while supporting the transmission of energy throughout the entire Country. The PDP provides
Cambodia with a comprehensive network development strategy for accommodating new sources of generation
and power imports, delivering power to growing domestic loads, managing interconnections and
synchronizations with neighbouring countries, ensuring the security of supply, and minimising cost throughout
the 2022-2040 planning period.

6 Component 4: Power Distribution Development Plan

Power distribution development in Cambodia involves two aspects, which are: 1) The development of sub-
transmission lines, and 2) The development of distribution lines. The first concerns the expansion of primary
medium-voltage lines dedicated to transmitting bulk electricity from HV grid sub-stations to a specific set of
locations for further distribution. The second involves the expansion of medium-voltage lines, transformers, and
low-voltage lines, which are required to step-down voltage and distribute electricity for end-use consumption.
From 2022, the development of sub-transmission lines is the responsibility of EDC, while the development of
distribution lines is the responsibility of the electricity licensee of each location, who are either EDC or private
licensees.

This component of the PDP sets out key strategies for the development of both sub-transmission and
distribution lines, including approaches for areas that currently have no access to electricity. The existing sub-
transmission distribution network has enabled Cambodia to achieve a village electrification rate of 98.27% by
2022. There remain only 245 villages (1.73% of total) beyond the reach of the distribution network, which
includes villages that are excessively remote without road access, located in islands on lakes or rivers,
permanently flooded during the rainy season, or naturally floating on bodies of water. Accordingly, the strategies
formulated in Cambodia’s PDP for further developing sub-transmission and distribution lines are as follows:

1. To develop and enhance the capacity of existing sub-transmission and distribution infrastructure in order to
supply the final consumption of electricity according to projected demand growth.

2. Promote the development of last-mile electrification options to the remaining 245 unconnected villages.

3. Identify potential solutions to construct small single lines coupled with solar power and BESS to supply
electricity to a subset of those remaining unconnected villages.

4. In case the deployment of small single lines coupled with solar power and BESS turn out to be cost-inefficient,
other approaches will be considered in order to provide a temporary step-up in affordability and quality of
electricity access to those remaining villages, including Solar Home Systems (SHS) and solar-powered battery
charging stations at the village level.

4
 Annex 1: Demand Forecast 2022-2040
Figure 1 Cambodia PDP Energy Demand Forecast (GWh/TWh)
Actual Projection

70,000 66 TWh
Demand Without EE

60,000
Energy Demand (GWh)

50,000 36 TWh
55 TWh
40,000 24 TWh

30,000
30
Demand With EE
TWh
20,000 22
11.7 TWh
TWh
EE Savings Consistent with NEEP
10,000

0
2015 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040

Table 1 Energy Demand Forecast (GWh) and average annual growth rates (%)

Actual Projection Average Annual Growth Rate (%)

GWh 2015 2019 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2019/2015 23/2019 2025/2019 2030/2019 2040/2019
Base
6,144 11,705 12,290 24,184 36,465 50,405 66,187 17.50% 13.90% 12.90% 11.5% 8.8%
(without EE)
Base
6,144 11,705 12,290 22,108 30,080 41,579 54,597 17.50% 9.40% 9.50% 9.4% 7.7%
(with EE)

Figure 2 Energy Demand Forecast (GWh) – All Cases

100,000
Low With EE Low No EE
90,000
Med/Base With EE Med/Base No EE
80,000 High With EE High No EE
Energy Demand (GWh)

70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000

30,000

20,000

10,000

5
 Table 2 Energy Demand Forecast (GWh) – All Cases

Low Med/Base High

(GWh)
With EE No EE With EE No EE With EE No EE
2022 14,274 14,899 16,217 17,233 18,664 20,128
2023 15,851 16,788 18,181 19,704 21,558 23,546
2024 17,428 18,678 20,144 21,915 24,453 27,163
2025 19,004 20,200 22,108 24,184 27,347 30,985
2026 20,090 21,761 23,702 26,513 29,624 34,391
2027 21,176 23,368 25,296 28,911 31,902 37,898
2028 22,261 25,011 26,891 31,364 34,179 41,489
2029 23,347 26,696 28,485 33,882 36,456 45,174
2030 24,432 28,424 30,080 36,465 38,734 48,956
2031 26,033 30,196 32,380 39,114 41,966 52,836
2032 27,634 32,012 34,679 41,831 45,197 56,816
2033 29,235 33,874 36,979 44,618 48,429 60,898
2034 30,837 35,782 39,279 47,475 51,661 65,086
2035 32,438 37,737 41,579 50,405 54,892 69,379
2036 34,247 39,741 44,183 53,408 58,555 73,782
2037 36,056 41,794 46,786 56,486 62,218 78,296
2038 37,865 43,898 49,390 59,641 65,881 82,923
2039 39,674 46,052 51,994 62,874 69,544 87,666
2040 41,483 48,260 54,597 66,187 73,207 92,527

Figure 3 Peak Demand Forecast (MW) – All Cases

16,000
Low With EE Low No EE
14,000 Med/Base With EE Med/Base No EE
High With EE High No EE
12,000
Peak Demand (MW)

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

6
 Table 3 Peak Demand Forecast (MW) – All Cases

Low Med/Base High

(MW)
With EE No EE With EE No EE With EE No EE
2022 2,471 2,473 2,723 2,822 3,016 3,251
2023 2,680 2,738 3,056 3,213 3,497 3,840
2024 2,892 3,046 3,336 3,574 3,981 4,430
2025 3,104 3,294 3,612 3,944 4,466 5,053
2026 3,281 3,549 3,883 4,324 4,838 5,609
2027 3,458 3,811 4,149 4,715 5,210 6,180
2028 3,628 4,079 4,409 5,115 5,571 6,766
2029 3,805 4,354 4,663 5,525 5,942 7,367
2030 3,982 4,635 4,910 5,947 6,313 7,984
2031 4,243 4,924 5,285 6,379 6,840 8,616
2032 4,504 5,220 5,659 6,822 7,366 9,265
2033 4,770 5,524 6,034 7,276 7,901 9,931
2034 5,031 5,835 6,408 7,742 8,428 10,614
2035 5,292 6,154 6,783 8,220 8,955 11,314
2036 5,587 6,481 7,207 8,710 9,553 12,032
2037 5,882 6,816 7,631 9,212 10,151 12,768
2038 6,190 7,159 8,055 9,726 10,770 13,523
2039 6,485 7,510 8,479 10,253 11,368 14,296
2040 6,781 7,870 8,903 10,794 11,967 15,089

Annex 2:

Generation Expansion Development Plan 2022-2040

Figure 4 Cambodia’s PDP Generation Plan / Installed Power Capacity (2022-2040)

18,000 90% EE Savings

Vietnam
16,000 2,205 80% Imports
Thailand
Imports
14,000 1,000
70%
Installed Capacity, As Sent (MW)

Laos Imports
Reserve Margin (%)

12,000 3,095 60% BESS

1,679

1,000
Solar PV
620
10,000 1,215 50%
700 Biomass
3,095 3,155
8,000 40% Fuel Oil
3,095
395
6,000 30% CCGT / ICE
1,305 900
995
1,005 Hydro
705
4,000 445 2,973 20%
415 2,255 Coal
1,328 1,558

2,000 1,328 10% Peak Demand

2,266 2,266 2,266 2,266
1,216
0 0% Dry RM
2028
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027

2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040

Wet RM

7
 Figure 5 Generation Plan Cumulative Investment Requirements ($millions USD7)

8,000 ($million Committed Planned Total

Investment Requirements ($m's) 7,000 USD) 2022-25 2026-40 2022-40
463
6,000
1,110 Coal 2,254 0 2,254
5,000 335
676
4,000 Hydro 0 4,137 4,137
3,000 CCGT/ICE 0 676 676
224
2,000 4,137
2,254 Biomass 50 335 385
1,000
0 Solar PV 224 1,110 1,333
2022-25 2026-40
Committed Planned Battery 12 463 475

Total 2,539 6,720 9,260

Coal Hydro CCGT/ICE Biomass Solar PV Battery

Table 4 PDP List of Generation and Power Imports (Scenario 4)

Year
Project Name Technology Capacity (MW) Province
Online
2022 Han Seng Phase 1 & 2 Coal 130 Oddar Meanchey
2022 Han Seng Phase 3 Coal 130 Oddar Meanchey
2022 CIIDG 2 – Phase 1 Coal 350 Sihanoukville
2022 KCN Solar-Phase-1 Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2023 CIIDG 2 – Phase 2 Coal 350 Sihanoukville
2023 Royal Group Coal – Phase 1 Coal 350 Koh Kong
2023 KCN_Solar-Phase-2 Solar PV 40 Kampong Chhnang
2024 Royal Group Coal – Phase 2 Coal 350 Koh Kong
2024 Generic Solar -1 KCN Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2025 Import Laos PPA (500 MW) Laos Imports 250 Stung Treng
2025 Import Laos PPA (600 MW) – Phase 1 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2025 KPS Solar Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2025 Generic Solar -1 PST Solar PV 90 Pursat
2025 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) BESS 20 To be determined
2025 Biomass Plant Biomass 22 Phnom Penh
2026 Stung Pursat 1 Hydro 80 Pursat
2026 Upper Tatay Hydro 150 Koh Kong
2026 Import Laos PPA (600 MW) – Phase 2 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2026 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 1 Thailand Imports 300 Banteay Meanchey
2026 Generic Solar -2 PST Solar PV 60 Pursat
2026 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2027 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 1 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2027 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 2 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2027 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 2 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2027 Generic Solar -1 SVR Solar PV 30 Svay Rieng
2027 Generic Solar -1 PV Solar PV 40 Prey Veng
2027 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2028 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 3 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2028 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 4 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2028 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 3 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2028 Generic Solar – 2 SVR Solar PV 30 Svay Rieng
2028 Generic Solar -2 PV Solar PV 40 Prey Veng
2028 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2028 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 1 BESS 40 To be determined
2029 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 5 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2029 Import Laos PPA (1800 MW) – Phase 6 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2029 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 4 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2029 Generic Solar – 2 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang

7 All currency is on a Real 2019 USD basis.

8
 Year
Project Name Technology Capacity (MW) Province
Online
2029 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2029 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 2 BESS 40 To be determined
2030 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 5 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2030 Generic Solar – 3 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2030 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2030 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 3 BESS 100 To be determined
2031 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 6 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2031 Generic Solar – 3 KCN Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2031 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2032 Middle Stung Russei Chrum Hydro 70 Koh Kong
2032 Stung Veal Thmor Kambot Hydro 100 Koh Kong
2032 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 7 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2032 Generic Solar – 1 KPS Solar PV 60 Kampong Speu
2032 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2033 Lower Srepok 3A Hydro 270 Stung Treng
2033 Lower Srepok 3B Hydro 68 Stung Treng
2033 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 8 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2033 Generic Solar – 4 KCN Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2033 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2034 Lower Srepok 4 Hydro 48 Stung Treng
2034 Prek Liang Hydro 75 Ratanakiri
2034 Generic Solar – 1 KPT Solar PV 60 Kampong Thom
2034 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2034 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 4 BESS 100 To be determined
2035 Prek Liang – 2 Hydro 66 Ratanakiri
2035 Generic Solar – 1 PP Solar PV 60 Phnom Penh
2035 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2036 Stung Meteuk 1 Hydro 58 Pursat
2036 Stung Meteuk 2 Hydro 90 Pursat
2036 CCGT 1 / ICE 1 CCGT/ICE8 300 Sihanoukville
2036 Generic Solar – 5 KCN Solar PV 100 Kampong Chhnang
2036 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2037 Lower Sekong Hydro 190 Stung Treng
2037 CCGT 2 / ICE 2 CCGT/ICE9 300 Sihanoukville
2037 Generic Solar – 1 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2037 Generic Solar – 2 KPS Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2037 Generic Solar – 2 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2037 Generic Solar – 2 PP Solar PV 50 Phnom Penh
2037 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 5 BESS 120 To be determined
2037 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2038 Battambang 2 Hydro 40 Battambang
2038 Generic Solar – 3 SVR Solar PV 50 Svay Rieng
2038 Generic Solar – 2 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Cham
2038 Generic Solar – 6 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2038 Generic Solar – 3 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2038 Generic Solar – 3 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2038 Generic Solar – 3 PP Solar PV 100 Phnom Penh
2038 Generic Solar – 3 PST Solar PV 50 Pursat
2038 Generic Solar – 1 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2038 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2039 Lower Sesan 3 Hydro 220 Ratanakiri
2039 CCGT 3 / ICE 3 CCGT/ICE10 300 Sihanoukville
2039 Generic Solar – 1 BMC Solar PV 50 Banteay Meanchey
2039 Generic Solar – 1 BTB Solar PV 50 Battambang
2039 Generic Solar – 3 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Cham
2039 Generic Solar – 4 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2039 Generic Solar – 4 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2039 Generic Solar – 4 PP Solar PV 50 Phnom Penh

8
Technology to be decided
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid.

9
 Year
Project Name Technology Capacity (MW) Province
Online
2039 Generic Solar – 4 PST Solar PV 50 Pursat
2039 Generic Solar – 2 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2039 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 6 BESS 100 To be determined
2039 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2040 Lower Stung Touch Hydro 50 Stung Treng
2040 Upper Stung Touch Hydro 70 Stung Treng
2040 Generic Solar – 2 BMC Solar PV 50 Banteay Meanchey
2040 Generic Solar – 2 BTB Solar PV 50 Battambang
2040 Generic Solar – 4 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2040 Generic Solar – 5 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2040 Generic Solar – 5 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2040 Generic Solar – 5 PST Solar PV 100 Pursat
2040 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 7 BESS 100 To be determined
2040 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh

Figure 6 Contingency Generation Plan / Installed Power Capacity (2022-2040)

20,000 70% EE Savings

Vietnam
18,000 2,205 Imports
60% Thailand
Imports
16,000 1,000
Laos Imports
Installed Capacity, As Sent (MW)

1,295
14,000 50% BESS
1,220

Reserve Margin (%)

1,679
Solar PV
12,000 1,000
40% Biomass
1,295
10,000 5,855
Fuel Oil
1,215
30% Wind
8,000 700 2,855
1,295
395 CCGT / ICE
6,000 1,005 1,200 20%
995 Hydro
705
4,000 445
2,475 2,973 2,973 Coal
415
1,328 10%
2,000 Peak Demand
1,328
2,266 2,266 2,266 2,266
1,216 Dry RM
0 0%
Wet RM
2031

2033
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030

2032

2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040

Table 5 PDP Contingency List of Generation and Power Imports (Scenario 5)

Year
Online Project Name Technology Capacity (MW) Province
2022 Han Seng Phase 1 & 2 Coal 130 Oddar Meanchey
2022 Han Seng Phase 3 Coal 130 Oddar Meanchey
2022 CIIDG 2 – Phase 1 Coal 350 Sihanoukville
2022 KCN_Solar-Phase-1 Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2023 CIIDG 2 – Phase 2 Coal 350 Sihanoukville
2023 Botum Sakor – Phase 1 Coal 350 Koh Kong
2023 KCN_Solar-Phase-2 Solar PV 40 Kampong Chhnang
2024 Botum Sakor – Phase 2 Coal 350 Koh Kong
2024 Generic Solar -1 KCN Solar PV 60 Kampong Chhnang
2025 Import Laos PPA (500 MW) Laos Imports 250 Stung Treng
2025 Import Laos PPA (600 MW) – Phase 1 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2025 KPS_Solar Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2025 Generic Solar -1 PST Solar PV 90 Pursat

10
 2025 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) BESS 20 To be Determined
2025 Biomass Plant Biomass 22 Phnom Penh
2026 Stung Pursat 1 Hydro 80 Pursat
2026 Upper Tatay Hydro 150 Koh Kong
2026 Import Laos PPA (600 MW) – Phase 2 Laos Imports 300 Stung Treng
2026 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 1 Thailand Imports 300 Banteay Meanchey
2026 Generic Solar -2 PST Solar PV 60 Pursat
2026 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2027 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 2 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2027 Generic Solar -1 SVR Solar PV 30 Svay Rieng
2027 Generic Solar -1 PV Solar PV 40 Prey Veng
2027 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2028 Middle Stung Russei Chrum Hydro 70 Koh Kong
2028 Stung Veal Thmor Kambot Hydro 100 Koh Kong
2028 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 3 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2028 Generic Solar – 2 SVR Solar PV 30 Svay Rieng
2028 Generic Solar -2 PV Solar PV 40 Prey Veng
2028 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2028 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 1 BESS 40 To be Determined
2029 Lower Srepok 3A Hydro 270 Stung Treng
2029 Lower Srepok 3B Hydro 68 Stung Treng
2029 Lower Srepok 4 Hydro 48 Stung Treng
2029 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 4 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2029 Generic Solar – 2 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2029 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2029 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 2 BESS 40 To be Determined
2030 Prek Liang Hydro 75 Ratanakiri
2030 Prek Liang – 2 Hydro 66 Ratanakiri
2030 Lower Sesan 3 Hydro 220 Ratanakiri
2030 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 5 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2030 Generic Solar – 3 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2030 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2030 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 3 BESS 100 To be Determined
2031 Lower Sekong Hydro 190 Stung Treng
2031 Battambang 2 Hydro 40 Battambang
2031 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 6 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2031 Generic Solar – 3 KCN Solar PV 120 Kampong Chhnang
2031 Generic Solar – 1 KPS Solar PV 60 Kampong Speu
2031 Generic Solar – 1 KPT Solar PV 60 Kampong Thom
2031 Generic Solar – 1 PP Solar PV 60 Phnom Penh
2031 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2032 Stung Meteuk 1 Hydro 58 Pursat
2032 Stung Meteuk 2 Hydro 90 Pursat
2032 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 7 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2032 Generic Solar – 4 KCN Solar PV 100 Kampong Chhnang
2032 Generic Solar – 2 KPS Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2032 Generic Solar – 2 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2032 Generic Solar – 2 PP Solar PV 50 Phnom Penh
2032 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2033 CCGT 1 / ICE 1 CCGT/ICE11 300 Sihanoukville
2033 Import Thailand 500 kV – Phase 8 Thailand Imports 100 Banteay Meanchey
2033 Generic Solar – 1 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2033 Generic Solar – 5 KCN Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2033 Generic Solar – 3 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2033 Generic Solar – 3 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2033 Generic Solar – 3 PST Solar PV 50 Pursat
2033 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 4 BESS 100 To be Determined
2033 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2034 CCGT 2 / ICE 2 CCGT/ICE12 300 Sihanoukville
2034 Generic Solar – 3 SVR Solar PV 50 Svay Rieng
2034 Generic Solar – 2 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Cham

11 Technology to be decided
12 Ibid.
11
 2034 Generic Solar – 4 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2034 Generic Solar – 3 PP Solar PV 100 Phnom Penh
2034 Generic Solar – 3 PST Solar PV 50 Pursat
2034 Generic Solar – 1 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2034 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2034 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 5 BESS 100 To be Determined
2035 CCGT 3 / ICE 3 CCGT/ICE13 300 Sihanoukville
2035 Lower Stung Touch Hydro 50 Stung Treng
2035 Upper Stung Touch Hydro 70 Stung Treng
2035 Generic Solar – 1 BMC Solar PV 50 Banteay Meanchey
2035 Generic Solar – 1 BTB Solar PV 50 Battambang
2035 Generic Solar – 3 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Cham
2035 Generic Solar – 5 KPS Solar PV 50 Kampong Speu
2035 Generic Solar – 4 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2035 Generic Solar – 4 PP Solar PV 50 Phnom Penh
2035 Generic Solar – 4 PST Solar PV 100 Pursat
2035 Generic Solar – 2 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2035 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 6 BESS 100 To be Determined
2035 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2036 Generic Solar – 2 BMC Solar PV 50 Banteay Meanchey
2036 Generic Solar – 2 BTB Solar PV 50 Battambang
2036 Generic Solar – 4 KCM Solar PV 150 Kampong Cham
2036 Generic Solar – 5 KPT Solar PV 150 Kampong Thom
2036 Generic Solar – 4 PST Solar PV 150 Pursat
2036 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 7 BESS 100 To be Determined
2036 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2037 CCGT 4 / ICE 4 CCGT/ICE14 300 Sihanoukville
2037 Generic Solar – 3 BMC Solar PV 50 Banteay Meanchey
2037 Generic Solar – 3 BTB Solar PV 100 Battambang
2037 Generic Solar – 5 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Cham
2037 Generic Solar – 6 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Chhnang
2037 Generic Solar – 5 KPS Solar PV 150 Kampong Speu
2037 Generic Solar - 6 KPT Solar PV 50 Kampong Thom
2037 Generic Solar – 5 PST Solar PV 50 Pursat
2037 Generic Solar – 3 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2037 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 8 BESS 120 To be Determined
2037 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2038 Generic Solar – 4 BTB Solar PV 50 Battambang
2038 Generic Solar – 6 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2038 Generic Solar – 7 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2038 Generic Solar – 6 KPS Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2038 Generic Solar – 1 KTE Solar PV 50 Kratie
2038 Generic Solar - 7 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2038 Generic Solar – 6 PST Solar PV 100 Pursat
2038 Generic Solar – 4 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2038 Generic Wind – 1 MDK Wind 50 Mondulkiri
2038 Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) – 9 BESS 100 To be Determined
2038 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2039 Generic Solar – 4 SVR Solar PV 50 Svay Rieng
2039 Generic Solar – 7 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2039 Generic Solar – 8 KCM Solar PV 50 Kampong Chhnang
2039 Generic Solar – 7 KPS Solar PV 100 Kampong Speu
2039 Generic Solar – 2 KTE Solar PV 50 Kratie
2039 Generic Solar - 8 KPT Solar PV 100 Kampong Thom
2039 Generic Solar – 3 PV Solar PV 100 Prey Veng
2039 Generic Solar – 5 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
2039 Generic Wind – 1 KPT Wind 50 Kampot
Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) –
2039 10 BESS 200 To be Determined
2039 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh
2040 Generic Solar – 5 SVR Solar PV 50 Svay Rieng

13 Ibid.
14 Technology to be decided.
12
 2040 Generic Solar – 8 KCM Solar PV 100 Kampong Cham
2040 Generic Solar – 7 KPS Solar PV 150 Kampong Speu
2040 Generic Solar – 3 KTE Solar PV 150 Kratie
2040 Generic Solar - 9 KPT Solar PV 50 Kampong Thom
2040 Generic Solar – 4 PV Solar PV 50 Prey Veng
2040 Generic Solar – 6 SR Solar PV 50 Siem Reap
Battery Energy Storage Plant (BESS) –
2040 11 BESS 200 To be Determined
2040 Generic Wind – 2 MDK Wind 50 Mondulkiri
2040 Biomass Plant Biomass 10 Phnom Penh

Annex 3: Transmission Development Plan for HV Network

Table 6 Transmission Plan: Table of Additional Investments from 2024

Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2024 1 New substation CHP 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2024 1 New substation P.PCH 230/115 kV 200 MVA transformation
2024 1 New substation SNL 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2024 1 Transmission CHP to P.PCH 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 30 km
2024 1 Transmission P.PCH to SNL 115 kV DCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 30 km
2024 1 Transmission T-STR to CHP 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 72 km
2024 16 New substation CAP 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 1.5 km, 115kV DCST plain area, one 630mm2 3
2024 16 Transmission CAP-CAP tee
km
2024 17 New substation BTI 230/115/22 kV 160 MVA transformation
2024 18 New substation BTP 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2024 20 New substation SMD 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2024 20 Transmission RM-SMD 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 11 km
2024 21 New substation SVR 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2024 21 Transmission GS7-KSG 115 kV SCST, twin conductor 240 mm2 63 km
2024 21 Transmission KSG-SVR 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 45 km
2024 21 Transmission SVR-CMT 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 37 km
2025 2 New substation KTE 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformation
2025 2 Transmission PPS to KTE 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 30 km
2025 3 Transmission KPT to BTM 115 kV DCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 50 km
2025 4 New substation SR3 GIS 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 4 Transmission SR3-SR3 GIS 115 kV DCST, twin 400 mm 2 4 km
2025 4 Transmission SR3-SR3 GIS 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 1.5 km
2025 5 New substation New Krokor 2 x 230/115/22 kV 125 MVA transformation
2025 5 New substation KCN2 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2025 5 New substation KTL 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
PST to New
2025 5 Transmission 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 29 km
Krokor
2025 5 Transmission KCN to KCN2 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 13 km
2025 5 Transmission KCN2 to KTL 230 kV DCST mountain area, single conductor 630 mm2 29 km
New Krokor to
2025 5 Transmission 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 65 km
KCN2
2025 5 Transmission KTL to GS6 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 30 km
2025 6 Transmission BH to KHK 500 kV DCST mountain area, quad 590 mm2 300 km
2025 8 Transmission BTB-Thailand 500 kV DCST mountain area, quad 590 mm2 107 km
2025 9 Transformer SAT 230/115 kV 200 MVA transformation
2025 9 Transmission LVA to SAT 230 kV double circuit 630 mm2 single conductor 40 km
2025 14 New substation VRH 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformation
2025 15 New substation KSV 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 19 New substation TKK 115/22 kV 150 MVA transformation
2025 19 New substation TLB 115/22 kV 150 MVA transformation
2025 19 Transmission TKK-GS11 115 kV 800 mm2 Cable 2.2 km
2025 22 New substation MGR 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 23 New substation BVT 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2025 23 Transmission CMT-BVT 115 kV DCST single 400 mm2 20 km
2025 24 New substation VEV 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 25 New substation STO 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2025 26 New substation PNSR 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 27 Transformer KPS 2 x 115/22 kV 50 MVA
2025 28 New substation CHT 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 28 Transmission GS7-CHT 115 kV SCST single 400 mm2 60 km
2025 29 New substation CPR 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformation

13
 Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2025 30 New substation KRL 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2025 31 New substation RSK 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2025 31 New substation SSK 230/115/22 kV 360 MVA transformation
2025 31 Transmission GS5-GS12 230 kV double circuit low loss 1029 mm2 double conductor 10 km
2025 31 230 kV double circuit 630 mm2 single conductor approx. 3.6 km and
Transmission GS5-SSK
230 kV double circuit 1000 mm2 cable 3 km
2025 31 Transmission SSK-RSK 115 kV double circuit 400 mm2 single conductor 2 km
2025 31 Transmission RSK-GS1 115 kV double circuit 1000 mm2 cable 3.4 km
2025 32 New substation DNK 2 x 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformation
2025 32 Transmission GS4-DNK Upgrade to 230 kV double circuit 630 mm2 single conductor 11 km
2025 32 Transmission DNK-GS10 115 kV single circuit 240 mm2 double conductor 2 km
2025 32 Transmission GS8-DNK 115 kV single circuit 240 mm2 double conductor 13 km
2025 33 New substation PTM 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 33 New substation IDB 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 33 Transmission SHV1-PTM 115 kV double circuit 630 mm2 single conductor 4 km
2025 33 Transmission STH-PTM 115 kV double circuit 630 mm2 double conductor 13 km
2025 33 Transmission 115 kV double circuit 400 mm2 single conductor 2.5 km +
PTM-IDB
115 kV double circuit 800 mm2 cable 2.5 km
2025 33 Transmission IDB-SHV3 115 kV double circuit 800 mm2 cable 2.2 km
2025 34 Transformation BTR 230/115/22 kV 360 MVA transformer
2025 34 Transmission STH-BTR upgrade 115 kV to 230 kV 16 km
2025 35 Transmission KKG-GS12 230 kV double circuit 630 mm2 double conductor 214 km
2025 36 Transmission THS-BSK 230 kV double circuit 630 mm2 quad conductor 36 km
2025 37 Transmission ALV-SR2 230 kV single circuit 630 mm2 single conductor 140 km
2025 39 Transmission CIIDG2-CKL 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 25 km
2025 41 Transformation NCC 2 x 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformers
2025 41 Transmission GS5-NCC 230 kV double circuit 1000 mm2 cable 9.2 km
2025 42 New substation SR3 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 42 Transmission SR1-SR3 115 kV double circuit 400 mm2 single conductor 17 km
2025 42 Transmission SR2-SR3 115 kV double circuit 400 mm2 single conductor 10 km
2025 Shunt capacitor GS12-1 230 kV, 300 MVA
2025 Shunt capacitor GS4 3 230 kV, 300 MVA
2025 Shunt capacitor KRL-1 115 kV, 100 MVA
2025 Shunt capacitor LSSII-1 230 kV, 250 MVA
2025 Shunt capacitor RTM-1 115 kV, 50 MVA
2025 Transformer BTB-CPG 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer BTB-CPG 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer BH 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer SR2 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer CIIDG-1 230/15 kV 170 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GIS TLB-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS10-1 115/22 kV 30 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS11-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS12-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS1-2 22/13 kV 15 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS1-4 13.8/11 kV 6.3 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS7-2 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS7-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer KHK-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer KSG-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer LSRC-3 22/10.5 kV 10 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer PST-1 230/22 kV 25 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer RTM-1 115/10.5 kV 80 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer SR1-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer SR2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer STG-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer STH-3 230/10.5 kV 72 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer TKK 1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2025 Transformer TKO-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2026 10 New substation BRY 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation

14
 Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2026 10 Transmission BRY-STG 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 55 km
2026 12 New substation MMT 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformation
2026 12 Transmission TKM-MMT 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 55 km
2026 12 Transmission P.PCH-MMT 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 53 km
2027 8 Transmission SGK-PST 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 102 km
2027 16 New substation KNR 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2027 16 Transmission GS9-KNR 115 kV DCST, 1,000 mm2 cable 4.4 km
2027 16 Transmission KNR-CAP 115 kV DCST, 1,000 mm2 cable 5.6 km
2027 16 Transformer KSV 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformation
2027 16 Transmission KSV-CAP 115 kV DCST, single conductor 630 mm 2 15 km
2027 31 New substation CCV1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2027 31 New substation CCV2 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2027 31 New substation KDC 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformation
2027 31 Transmission RSK-CCV1 115 kV DCST, 1,000 mm2 cable 2 km
2027 31 Transmission CCV1-CCV2 115 kV DCST, single conductor 630 mm 2 2 km
2027 31 Transmission CCV2-NST 115 kV DCST, single conductor 630 mm 2 7 km
2027 31 Transmission NST-KDC 115 kV DCST, single conductor 630 mm 2 5 km
2027-30 40 Transmission GS3-NCC 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 0.45 km
2027-30 41 Transmission GS5-NCC 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 9.2 km
2027-30 42 Transmission SR2-SR3 115 kV 1000 mm2Cable 10 km
2027-30 Shunt capacitor RTM-1 115 kV, +50 MVA
2027-30 Shunt capacitor LVA-2 15 kV, 400 MVA
2027-30 Shunt capacitor KCM-1 115 kV, 250 MVA
2027-30 Shunt capacitor IE-1 115 kV, 200 MVA
2027-30 Shunt capacitor GS7-1 230 kV, 250 MVA
2027-30 Shunt capacitor BRY 1 230 kV, 100 MVA
2027-30 Transformer BTB-CPG-1 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer DNK-3 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS7-2 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer SR2-3 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer SR2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer TKM-1 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer CKR-1 230/22 kV 16 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer CMG-1 115/6.3 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GIS BTP-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS10-1 115/22 kV 30 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS10-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS12-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS1-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS6-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer GS7-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KCN-1 230/22 kV 25 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KKP-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KRL-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KSA-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer KSA-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer LSRC-3 22/10.5 kV 10 MVA transformer
2027-30 Transformer PCT-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 6 Transmission BH to KHK series compensation - 500 kV
2031+ 7 Transmission TKM-KHK 500 kV DCST mountain area, quad 590 mm2 90 km
2031+ 7 Transmission STR-TKM 500 kV DCST mountain area, quad 590 mm2 205 km
2031-35 R2 New substation ORL -
2031-35 13 New substation SRP Solar -
2031-35 R2 Transmission BSK-ORL 500 kV DCST, quad 590 mm2 110 km
2031-35 R2 Transmission ORL-SRP Solar 500 kV DCST, quad 590 mm2 37 km
2031-35 13 Transmission SRP Solar-GS6 500 kV DCST, quad 590 mm2 38 km
2031-35 42 Transmission SR3-SR1 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 17 km
2031-35 43 Transmission GS4-GS12 230 kV SCST, twin 630 mm2 23 km
2031-35 44 Transmission BMC-KRL 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 45 km
2031-35 45 Transmission GS5-PPT 115kV SCST, twin 630 mm2 2.8 km
2031-35 45 Transmission PPT-TKK 115kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 3.2 km
2031-35 45 Transmission TKK-GS11 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 2.2 km
2031-35 45 Transmission TKK-TLB 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 3.2 km
15
 Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2031-35 45 Transmission TKK-TLB 115 kV 1000 mm2 Cable 3.2 km
2031-35 R1 Existing substation TKM 500/230/115kV 1500 MVA transformation
2031-35 R1 Existing substation KHK 500/230/115kV 3000 MVA transformation
2031-35 R1 Existing substation STR 500/230/115kV 1500 MVA transformation
2031-35 R1 Existing substation BH 500/230/115kV 1500 MVA transformation
2031-35 Shunt capacitor CKL-1 230 kV, 300 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor CMT-1 115 kV, 100 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor KSG-1 115 kV, 250 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor SR1-1 115 kV, 200 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor SRT-1 115 kV, 250 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor SVR-1 115 kV, 100 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor TKM-1 230 kV, 350 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor CPR 1 230 kV, 200 MVA
2031-35 Shunt capacitor GIS SSK-1 230 kV, 250 MVA
2031-35 Transformer BH-2 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer BTB-CPG-1 230/115/22 kV 90 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CHK-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CHK-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CKL-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer DNK-3 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer DNK-3 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22/15 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KSS-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SR2-3 230/115/22 kV 200 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer TKM-1 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer TKM-1 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CKL-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22/15 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer TKM-1 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer BTB-CPG-1 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS4 3 230/115 kV 200 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KPT-1 230/115 kV 200 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer MKP-1 230/115 kV 240 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CS5-5 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KCN-1 230/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer BMC-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CMT-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer CMT-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GIS TLB-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS11-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS12-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS1-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS1-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS5-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS5-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS6-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS6-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS7-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer IE-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer IE-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KRL-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer KSG-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer MDK 1 230/13.8 kV 8 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer MKP2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SR1-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SR1-1 115/22 kV 25 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SR2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SRT-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer STR-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer SVR-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2031-35 Transformer TKK 1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer

16
 Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2036-40 38 New substation Koh Thmei / LNG -
2036-40 38 Transmission CKL-KME 500 kV DCST, quad 590 mm2 70 km
2036-40 46 Existing substation PCT 230/115 kV 240 MVA transformation
2036-40 46 Existing substation GS8 230/115 kV 240 MVA transformation
2036-40 46 Transmission NCC-PCT 230 kV 1000 mm2 Cable DCCT 1.2 km
2036-40 46 Transmission GS8-PCT 115kV SCST, twin 240 mm2 3 km
2036-40 46 Transmission GS8-PCT 115 kV 800 mm2 Cable 1.8 km
2036-40 46 Transmission PCT-GS3 115 kV 800 mm2 Cable 3.6 km
2036-40 47 Transmission GS12-GS5 230 kV SCST, twin 630 mm2 10 km
2036-40 48 Transmission BTM-CMIC 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 6.5 km
2036-40 49 Transmission KPS-GS5 115 kV SCST, single conductor 400 mm 2 38 km
2036-40 50 Transmission SSK-GS1 230 kV SCST, twin 630 mm2 3.5 km
2036-40 51 Transmission STH-SHV 230 kV DCST, twin 630 mm2 12 km
2036-40 Shunt capacitor BTB-CPG-1 230 kV, 200 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS12-1 230 kV, +200 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS2-1 115 kV, 150 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS4 3 230 kV, +300 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor KHK-1 230 kV, 600 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS1-1 115 kV, 50 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS10-1 115 kV, 100 MVA
2036-40 Shunt capacitor GS5-1 115 kV, 100 MVA
2036-40 Series
GS12 - CKL 230 kV line
compensation
2036-40 Series
GS12 - CKL 230 kV line
compensation
2036-40 Transformer CHK-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer SR2-3 230/115/22 kV 200 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer CHK-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer CKL-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer DNK-3 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer DNK-3 230/115/22 kV 240 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22/15 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KSS-1 230/115/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KCM 4 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer CS5-5 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer TKM-1 230/115 kV 300 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer SVR 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer SR3 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer TLB 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KCN-1 230/22 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer BMC-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer BTB4-2 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer BVT-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer CKR-1 230/22 kV 16 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS9-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS9-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GIS TLB-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS10-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS11-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS12-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS1-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS1-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS3 -1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS4-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS5-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS5-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS5-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS7-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer GS8-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer BTM-1 115/15 kV 150 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KCM-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KHK-1 230/22 kV 75 MVA transformer

17
 Project
Year / Period Asset Location Transmission asset
ID
2036-40 Transformer KSA-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KSA-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KPS-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KTE-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer KTH-1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer MDK 1 230/13 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer MDK 1 230/13 kV 100 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer PST-1 230/22 kV 25 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer RTK-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer SR2-1 115/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer STR-1 230/22 kV 50 MVA transformer
2036-40 Transformer TKK 1 115/22 kV 75 MVA transformer
2036-40 Upper Stung
Transformer 230/15 kV 186 MVA transformer
Tatay
2040+ 10 New substation BRY 230/115 kV 200 MVA transformation

Figure 7 HV Network Plan Cumulative Investment Requirements ($millions USD 15)

1,200 ($million Committed Planned Total

Investment Requirements ($m's)

Resilience USD) 2022-25 2022-40 2022-40

1,000 Projects 816 379 1,194
155 Series capacitors
800 Transformers
(3-winding) 0 74 74
600 311 Reactive plant
Transformers
(2-winding) 0 311 311
400 816 74 Transformers (2-
Reactive
winding)
200 379 plant 0 28 28
Transformers (3-
Series
winding)
0 capacitors 0 34 34
2022-25 2022-40 Projects
Resilience 0 155 155
Committed Planned Total 816 980 1,796

15 All currency is on a Real 2019 USD basis.

18
Figure 8 Cambodia’s PDP Transmission Plan / Map of HV Network to Year 2040

19