GRADE X

Question Bank (MATHEMATICS)

Chapter-1 Real Numbers

1 marks:
1. If two positive integers p and q can be expressed as 𝑝 = 𝑎𝑏2 and 𝑞 = 𝑎3 𝑏, where a
and b are prime numbers then 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑝, 𝑞) = [BOARD 2024]
a) 𝑎𝑏 b) 𝑎 𝑏 2 2
c) 𝑎 𝑏 3 2
d) 𝑎 𝑏
3 3

2. If p and q are natural numbers and ‘p’ is the multiple of ‘q’, then what is the HCF
of ‘p’ and ‘q’? [BOARD 2023]
a) 𝑝𝑞 b) 𝑝 c) 𝑞 d) 𝑝 + 𝑞
3. If 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑏3 and y = a3 b where a and b are prime numbers then 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑥, 𝑦) − 𝐿𝐶𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) is
equal to [BOARD 2025]
a) 1 − 𝑎3 𝑏3 b) 𝑎𝑏(1 − 𝑎𝑏) c) 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎4 𝑏4 d) 𝑎𝑏(1 − 𝑎𝑏)(1 + 𝑎𝑏)
4. Let 𝑥 = 𝑎2 𝑏3 𝑐 𝑛 and 𝑦 = 𝑎3 𝑏𝑚 𝑐 2 , where a, b and c are prime numbers. If 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑥, 𝑦) =
𝑎 3 𝑏4 𝑐 3 then (𝑚 + 𝑛) is [BOARD 2025]
a) 10 b) 7 c) 6 d) 5
5. Let 𝑎 = 𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 and 𝑏 = 𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 , where p, q, r are prime numbers. If 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑎, 𝑏) = 𝑝3 𝑞4 𝑟 3
2 3 𝑛 3 𝑚 2

then (3𝑛 − 2𝑚) is [BOARD 2025]

a) -1 b) 1 c) 3 d) -3
6. The sum of exponents of prime factors in the prime factorization of 4004 is
[BOARD 2025]
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 2
7. The sum of exponents of prime factors in the prime factorization of 1764 is
a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6
8. The total number of factors of prime number is
a) 1 b) 0 c) 2 d) 3
9. The HCF of 40, 110 and 360 is [BOARD 2025]
a) 40 b) 110 c) 360 d) 10
10. The HCF and LCM of 378, 180, 420 are [BOARD 2024]
a) 6, 3980 b) 12, 3780 c) 6, 3780 d) 12, 3980

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

11. If the product of two co-prime numbers is 553, then their HCF is [BOARD 2024]
a) 1 b) 553 c) 7 d) 79
12. The LCM of smallest two digit composite number and smallest composite number
is
a) 12 b) 4 c) 20 d) 44
13. The ratio of LCM and HCF of the least composite and the least prime numbers is
[BOARD 2023]
a) 1: 2 b) 2: 1 c) 1: 1 d) 1: 3
14. If 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (336, 54) = 6, 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (336, 54) is
a) 2024 b) 3024 c) 1012 d) 1512
15. The value of ‘x’, if 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑥, 18) = 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑥, 18) = 36, is
a) 2 b) 5 c) 7 d) 4
16. HCF of two numbers is 27 and their LCM is 162. If one of the numbers is 54 then
the other number is
a) 36 b) 35 c) 9 d) 81
17. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600.
If one number is 280 then the other number is
a) 20 b) 28 c) 60 d) 80
18. 225 can be expressed as
a) 5 × 32 b) 52 × 3 c) 52 × 32 d) 53 × 3
19. 108 can be expressed as a product of its prime as
a) 23 × 32 b) 23 × 33 c) 22 × 32 d) 22 × 33
20. When 2120 is expressed as the product of its prime factors we get
a) 2 × 53 × 53 b) 23 × 5 × 53 c) 5 × 72 × 31 d) 52 × 7 × 33
21. If a and b are two positive integers such that the least prime factor of a is 3 and the
least prime factor of b is 5. Then the least prime factor of (𝑎 + 𝑏) is
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
22. Select the least number that is divisible by all numbers between 1 and 10 (both
inclusive)
a) 2520 b) 5040 c) 1010 d) 2020
23. If ‘n’ is a natural number then which of the following numbers end with zero?
[BOARD 2023]
a) (3 × 2)𝑛 b) (2 × 5)𝑛 c) (6 × 2)𝑛 d) (5 × 3)𝑛

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

24. 2√3 is _______ number.
a) Integer b) rational c) irrational d) whole
32
25. If 𝑝2 = then p is_________ number. [BOARD 2023]
50

a) Whole b) integer c) rational d) irrational

26. √0.4 is a/an______ number. [BOARD 2025]
a) Natural b) integer c) rational d) irrational
27. If the 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (2520, 6600) = 40 and 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (2520, 6600) = 252 × 𝑘 then the value of k is
[BOARD 2024]
a) 1650 b) 1600 c) 165 d) 1625
28. If 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (98, 28) = 𝑚 and 𝐿𝐶𝑀(98, 28) = 𝑛 then the value of 𝑛 − 7𝑚 is [BOARD 2025]
a) 0 b) 28 c) 98 d) 198
29. If x is the LCM of 4, 6, 8 and y is the LCM of 3, 5, 7 and p is the LCM of x and y,
then which of the following is true? [BOARD 2025]
a) 𝑝 = 35𝑥 b) 𝑝 = 4𝑦 c) 𝑝 = 8𝑥 d) 𝑝 = 16𝑦
30. If 𝑎 = 22 × 3𝑥 , 𝑏 = 22 × 3 × 5, 𝑐 = 22 × 3 × 7 and 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) = 3780 then x is
[BOARD 2024]
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 0
31. If 3825 = 3𝑥 × 5𝑦 × 17𝑧 then the value of 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 is [BOARD 2024]
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
32. If 1080 = 2𝑝 × 3𝑞 × 5 then 𝑝 − 𝑞 is [BOARD 2025]
a) 6 b) -1 c) 1 d) 0
33. If 𝑎𝑏 = 32, where a and b are positive integers then the value of 𝑏𝑎𝑏 is
[BOARD 2025]
a) 72 b) 510 c) 210 d) 512
34. A pair of irrational numbers whose product is a rational number is [BOARD 2024]
a) (√16, √4) b) (√5, √2) c) (√3, √27) d) (√36, √2)
35. The smallest irrational number by which √20 should be multiplied so as to get a
rational number, is [BOARD 2024]
a) √20 b) √2 c) 5 d) √5
36. The greatest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainder 5 and 8
respectively, is [BOARD 2025]
a) 13 b) 65 c) 875 d) 1750

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

37. The greatest number which divides 281 and 1249, leaving remainder 5 and 7
respectively, is [BOARD 2024]
a) 23 b) 276 c) 138 d) 69
38. The least number which is a perfect square and is divisible by each of 16, 20 and
50 is [BOARD 2025]
a) 1200 b) 100 c) 3600 d) 2400
39. Which of the following is a rational number between √3 and √5? [BOARD 2025]
a) 1.4142387954012 c) 𝜋
̅
b) 2.326 d) 1.857142
2 2
40. (1 + √3) − (1 − √3) is a [BOARD 2025]
a) Positive rational number c) negative integer
b) Positive irrational number d) negative irrational number
2 2
41. (√3 + 2) + (√3 − 2) is a/an [BOARD 2025]
a) Positive rational number c) negative rational number
b) Positive irrational number d) negative irrational number
42. If (−1)𝑛 + (−1)8 = 0 then n is [BOARD 2025]
a) Any positive integer c) any odd number
b) Any negative number d) any even number
43. Which of the following cannot be the unit digit of 8𝑛 where n is a natural number?
[BOARD 2025]
a) 4 b) 2 c) 0 d) 6

Options for Assertion and Reasoning Questions:

a) Both assertion(A) and reason(R) are true and reason(R) is the correct
explanation of assertion(A)
b) Both assertion(A) and reason(R) are true but reason(R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion(A)
c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false
d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true
44. Assertion (A): If HCF of 510 and 92 is 2 then their LCM is 32460.
Reason (R): 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑎, 𝑏) × 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑎, 𝑏) = 𝑎 × 𝑏
45. Assertion (A): For any two prime numbers x and y (𝑥 < 𝑦),
𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 and 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑦. [BOARD 2025]

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

 Reason (R): 𝐻𝐶𝐹(𝑥, 𝑦) ≤ 𝐿𝐶𝑀(𝑥, 𝑦) where x, y are any two natural numbers.
46. Assertion (A): For any two prime numbers p and q, their HCF is 1 and LCM is 𝑝 +
𝑞. [BOARD 2025]
Reason (R): For any two natural numbers, 𝐻𝐶𝐹 × 𝐿𝐶𝑀 = Product of numbers.
47. Assertion (A): Unit digit of 3𝑛 cannot be an even number for any natural number
n.
Reason (R): 2 is not a prime factor of 3𝑛 for any natural number n. [BOARD 2025]
48. Assertion (A): The number 5𝑛 never ends with digit 0 for any natural number n.
Reason (R): Prime factorisation of 5 has only two factors, 1 and 5. [BOARD 2023]
49. Assertion (A): The largest number that divides 70 and 125 which leaves remainder
5 and 8 is 13.
Reason (R): 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (65, 117) = 13

2 marks:
1. Explain why (7 × 13 × 11) + 11 and (7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1) + 3 are composite
numbers. [BOARD 2024]
2. Explain whether (3 × 12 × 101) + 4 is a prime number or a composite number.
3. Given that 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (306, 1314) = 18. Find 𝐿𝐶𝑀(306, 1314).
4. Check whether 4𝑛 can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.
[BOARD 2023 & BOARD 2024]
5. Show that 5√6 is an irrational number.
6. If two positive integers p and q are written as 𝑝 = 𝑎2 𝑏3 and 𝑞 = 𝑎3 𝑏 where a and b
are prime numbers then verify 𝐿𝐶𝑀(𝑝, 𝑞) × 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑝, 𝑞) = 𝑝𝑞.
7. Prove that 3 + √5 is an irrational number. [BOARD 2023]
8. Prove that 6 − √7 is an irrational number. [BOARD 2023]
9. Two numbers are in the ratio 2:3 and their LCM is 180. What is the HCF of these
numbers? [BOARD 2023]
10. Using prime factorization find HCF and LCM of 96 and 120. [BOARD 2023]
11. Two numbers are in the ratio 4:5 and their HCF is 11. Find their LCM?
[BOARD 2025]
12. Find the greatest number which divides 85 and 72 leaving remainders 1 and 2
respectively. [BOARD 2023]
13. Find the smallest number which is divisible by both 644 and 462. [BOARD 2025]

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

14. Find the greatest 3-digit number which is divisible by 18, 24 and 36.
[BOARD 2023]
15. Find the least number which when divided by 12, 16 and 24 leaves remainder 7 in
each case. [BOARD 2023]
16. Find the smallest natural number by which 1200 should be multiplied so that the
square root of the product is a rational number.
17. In a school, there are two sections of class X. There are 40 students in the first
section and 48 students in the second section. Determine the minimum number of
books required for their class library so that they can be distributed equally among
students of both sections. [BOARD 2024]

3 marks:
1. Prove that √2 is an irrational number. [BOARD 2025]
2. Prove that √3 is an irrational number. [BOARD 2025]
3. Prove that √5 is an irrational number. [BOARD 2023 & BOARD 2025]
1
4. Prove that is an irrational number. [BOARD 2025]
√5

5. Given that √3 is an irrational, prove that 5 + 2√3 is an irrational number.

[BOARD 2024]
6. Given that √5 is an irrational, prove that 2√5 − 3 is an irrational number.
2−√3
7. Given that √3 is an irrational, prove that 5
is an irrational number.

[BOARD 2024]
2
8. Prove that (5√3 + 3) is an irrational number given that √3 is irrational number.

[BOARD 2025]
5
9. Prove that (4√2 + 3) is an irrational number given that √2 is irrational number.

[BOARD 2025]
10. Given that √2 is an irrational, prove that 5 + 3√2 is an irrational number.
2
11. Prove that (√2 + √3) is irrational number, given that √6 is an irrational number.
[BOARD 2024]
12. Let x and y be two distinct prime numbers and 𝑝 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 , 𝑞 = 𝑥𝑦 4 , 𝑟 = 𝑥 5 𝑦 2 . Find the
HCF and LCM of p, q and r. Further check if 𝐻𝐶𝐹 (𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟) × 𝐿𝐶𝑀 (𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟) = 𝑝 × 𝑞 × 𝑟 or
not. [BOARD 2025]

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

13. State true of false for each of the following statements and justify in each case:
(i) 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 + 7 is a composite number.
(ii) 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 + 1 is a composite number. [BOARD 2025]
14. Let p, q and r be three distinct prime numbers. Check whether 𝑝. 𝑞. 𝑟 + 1 is a
composite number or not. Further, give an example for 3 distinct primes p, q, r
such that [BOARD 2025]
(i) 𝑝. 𝑞. 𝑟 + 1 is a composite number.
(ii) 𝑝. 𝑞. 𝑟 + 1 is a prime number.
15. Write the smallest number which is divisible by both 306 and 657.
16. Find HCF and LCM of 26, 65 and 117 using prime factorization. [BOARD 2023]
17. Find by prime factorization the LCM of the numbers 18180 and 7575. Also find
the HCF of two numbers. [BOARD 2023]
18. 144 cartons of Coke cans and 90 cartons of Pepsi cans are to be stacked in a
canteen. If each stack is of the same height and if it equal contain cartons of the
same drink, what would be the greatest number of cartons each stack would have?
19. Three bells toll at intervals of 9, 12, 15 minutes respectively. If they start tolling
together, after what time will they next toll together? [BOARD 2024]
20. Three bells ring at intervals of 6, 12 and 18 minutes. If all the three bells rang at 6
a.m., when will they ring together again? [BOARD 2023]
21. Four bells toll at an interval of 8, 12, 15 and 18 seconds respectively. All the four
begin to toll together. Find the number of times they toll together in one hour
excluding the one at the start.
22. The length, breadth and height of a room are 8m 50cm, 6m 25cm and 4m 75cm
respectively. Find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions of
the room exactly.
23. On a morning walk, three persons step off together and their steps measure 40 cm,
42 cm and 45 cm respectively. Find the minimum distance each should walk so
that each can cover the same distance in complete steps.
24. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72
seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 a.m, at
what time will they change together next? [BOARD 2023]

25. National Art convention got registrations from students from all parts of the
country, of which 60 are interested in music, 84 are interested in dance and 108

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

 students are interested in handicrafts. For optimum cultural exchange, organisers
wish to keep them in minimum number of groups such that each group consists of
students interested in the same artform and the number of students in each group
is the same. Find the number of students in each group. Find the number of
groups in each art form. How many rooms are required if each group will be
allotted a room?

26. In a teacher’s workshop the number of teacher teaching French, Hindi and English
are 48, 80 and 144 respectively. Find the minimum number of rooms required if in
each room the same numbers of teachers are seated and all of them are of same
subject. [BOARD 2024]

27. Three sets of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics books have to be stacked in
such a way that all the books are stored subject-wise and the height of each stack
is the same. The number of Physics books is 144, the number of chemistry books
is 180 and the number of Mathematics books is 192. Assuming that the books are
of same thickness, determine the number of stacks of Physics, Chemistry and
Mathematics books. [BOARD 2025]

Case Based Questions:

1. February 14 is celebrated as International Book Giving Day and many countries in

the world celebrate this day. Some people in India also started celebrating this day
and donated the following number of books of various subjects to a public library:
History = 96, Science = 240, Mathematics = 336.

These books have to be arranged in minimum number of stacks such that

each stack contains books of only one subject and the number of books on each
stack is the same. [BOARD 2023]

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(i) How many books are arranged in each stack? 1

(ii) How many stacks are used to arrange all the Mathematics books? 1
(iii) (a) Determine the total number of stacks that will be used for arranging all
the books. 2
OR

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)

 (b) If the thickness of each book of History, Science and Mathematics is
1·8 cm, 2·2 cm and 2·5 cm respectively, then find the height of each stack of
History, Science and Mathematics books. 2

2. Three sets of English, Hindi and Mathematics

books have to be stacked in such a way that all
the books are stored topic wise and the height of
each stack is the same. The number of English
books is 96, the number of Hindi books is 240
and the number of Mathematics books is 336.
Assuming that the books are of the same thickness.
(i) Find the number of stacks of Hindi books? 1
(ii) Find the number of stacks of English books? 2

OR

Find the number of stacks of Mathematics books? 2

(iii) What is the number of books that can be stored in each stack? 1

3. Teaching Mathematics through activities is a powerful approach that enhances

students’ understanding and engagement. Keeping this in mind, Ms. Muktha
planned a prime number game for class 5 students. She announces the number
2in her class and asked the first student to multiply it by a prime number and
then pass it to second student. Second student also multiplied it by a prime
number and passed it to third student. In this way by multiplying to a prime
number, the last student got 173250. [BOARD 2024]
Now, Muktha asked some questions as given below to the students:
(i) What is the least prime number used by students? 1
(ii) How many students are in the class? 2

OR

What is the highest prime number used by students? 2

(iii) Which prime number has been used maximum times? 1

Prepared by: H.Sabareesh (PGT Mathematics)