2f.

Dent o /.>n o f P.p g A - ;4t ca /, b, q/

Heof f/ad

Cn*./r. a. l*. or a ro/ ./ eTua/ /Arb/crrc

a ( €/*2/ po.;af
rv

Lel y'rL. 4rea4 o{ Crasf-

-feclbe = A cto4z
D<'-'t,/Ut o/ rnoy'q.a/ roe/ = g g*r/ ca3
*-nr. o/er 4 /e--.- / pe , / {,
,g.or. // a. lc.t2ft
f/* ./?ca-rJr */ a/..-req( pe= Agt,
u(xrt ) -. /e,a7csa.r4c-a o/ rad ., ( o/,Jhn.e
-X a,( f.>zr. (

fae r'(e o/ /4ct<are o{ he.( rh e/e.qer(

-- sAgEx kat u,tlu-t< 3 ,i spec,.f b hea( _6

f Q, a-.^/ Qz are
/uaa I /,?t o / heo (
Z
lrt
flau'e7 o( /Ae
72ata/a P ao. et/ A
/At-4
 26.

Q,
\ Dx/x
ezs -tcA (*),*E,
M.A..At+ &r, I kods /t4 o./,t-./ a'n o f A e' (
f/o- frnr-.Js li'rn,rr- /en 7.1'o /u4
R .. /6err-, o / c a -< a{at. /"u''/

azz?aaa.;/ -/ /to( tb /Ae e/e:ne-/

D/./

a, ;Qz = kF ttx )"*5x e), 1

fro* 4 a.--/ 2
sArE,a# = rcnf(*)"- tx (+),.1
?wk r)u \t-
\ ax /x+ tx
at
--=- fs Sx
,<

x +Sx +'r
 2+.

o/ '//-,*' ,'t prc:1>arLan. /

/a o f k*/?/a/"r..

n = -kVu
rtt /t-*C ; ,'s /lz vV/ct
n',
a/ 4 ( x, /, ?. /) /',r
/c rv 41 *,(+-tnJ o'n4^c/i.2
Lel R rc flz /7,bn t-t //< b"* a-ao/
/" / c 6e .'/s 6oun/arV rur/..- /L,
/d aarzuou( o { /-"o/ k*r? R pe r ol?t.,A
/;-n , i 'r
(r
l\ v-nJA
JJ /
n au/u,rar./ 0t-r1,L noraa/
.t of s
C1c,oz--^ ( ,1r--, of Go4tt f/.ri4 em

cll tr-e+ra A rr Yuabr -/.b,e .-/ Poa*bq

7t* of
f /'^c4 /rb o ./ €outt fi-"ora' fr.
/k €x,!/,rq e-s6-/
O f,,uvt
 29,
(C -s ,A arr
JJ v.rt./A = -/.JJJ v.(v,.t)ot^J/4s
sR
(rr 2 a! x J7 ?
= -l<JJJ v'u 't
2
a*re/ 4< qzq Ia rz--z f u / /u - / th /? ,'r
A.tp bA/
nfr
CJ- J)J sf ,4 otx./7la
R

P/<n.c /k ra(e af ehcr"af? o { A ;t

-vQ s (((sf+
' a+ *txqote
at J))
R

R^;" / elecruce -f a za"otrf be eV cta /

o
/o //z auqcseut/ ./ /r+.f /e-o/th-f, r?, {lq--t

(f sr a,txat1
( a,<qete
- )J) e::ar '-v' "ta = - tc tPffv',,
s

re

or tll ['r # E o'nfelx*du = o

7Lr, ,4.o /J" {r- o*f "f,rn ,Q rh lk

./ llz ,^/.q.."/ nnrh be Zenz
(

/*44,^1 or,

/
 2q.
s3 J,a = tcV t-I
e

>k s3
€
,{v' -=[- a^r,!u.-vr1 la be o-{ 4'ryts/-'''l "7 C
s$ t)

ftk,
) c,t ;. o'u
--EI "'
er E* r Ezu
c2
at > y2

2 >e.,c
VL= axz

I
 ,Ja,
Trno DrZn €rlf.'a,o. / flr^ / fuuto /. an
h/v /424n< 72r+ at auar/7
4
at s C2 UL) ci )

7- c.aqre af /r'a, e4:-z-t a-tcfzb-z- (&< a-&!u ry

l/- f ?- cecra4iaa-/e z-! €a,aafoa /
ba-( r2
C;' L(
la xz

b
(iij
L
-

L Ia S/eft/ s'/*t+. tz ,h:Qf --.J-* / c'rc

/ .fcr A*/ )t't

i
! et
=T-:o
L

L bf Pce j e7 La.lt'")
L

I
I
t
 3l-
A-/u/.'en of arrre Or'r.r.r-eas-'ono / ileot
6, /le f,,vv-, /r'v 4;znznr. b-r,c / Heo( e4.
e!-* ?'"
?q s (jeefLET- >y'a IJ o
a+
t''
L.t u(x,yrt) = XYf -CJ
'o
Pu frnZ ,42 ,,o/u<. / u c4 /, t ) {.o--, ii '

/'4 € 7 r+a, /.'.> -z ), e-4, ?. (

'2' 'l'Y
x'r# = ,"1Y#,+*#,J
tT zl '1

l "/'Y
+T
",/'
f/rzrc att< /Ar.. f e>e.r;6 ,' /,'k'q {* tk
hsfr'nt
,t) I ol?v Jr
'/ x di
"'k = o !.
=o./ 74=o/ 4n ' -'o

- -z , Jtr s ^t
r Jzr - Pr,, t Jr A
z) # ;, f Trr 42,
E ; =
i / c?T 4t
^:.+!:-)
c l tz'-c -- ti, + A:
^t
 32.
F"o.n Ct)

ttC4,yr*) = (e,x f Cz )( cs y + C.,J e,

Fron Q)
A,X -Atx AaY -\aY 'r'+
u (xr/, t ) = (Cr e +c2 e )(cte -f C+ e ) Cac
', ,,

F.o,n 6 )
u (4/, l-) = (qcotA,x+c2sthA,X)(ctc..s\2Y +C+st4A2y).

' c5 e- A'c'+
,

: fi {h ;a f e c{artX c.t lar 2 /o ( c a/ /.orq,

tflctrfrr, i*/rrcv;oott /-, heo( fb,'-t Aot {.o,
"t
drt er6;/rorf a,It/n.bu h >n o / /e,orV €r < /_Q
/C*r7). Z/r {*, eofTcr )(:o, x:q., /jo,
)"b ar,( lceT/ a/ luo k^P?r a r(u,n6 . De /er 1a,'4
H- €reh, o/ 4 pa.a / o/ 4. p/. f<
af I rhc ceref
tS o(-< h un '

f/r- A af e ?Lca /.b -, ,'.2 Q d,)%,aq',eg

),^
>t = tL*.+l -o
(op) A (qo> x
Lct LL.. XYT @,

Froro, u)

Or
e,
 37.
rir p/7c;co/ 4<y'cc-, of vroL/e,.o )r penbJ,,6 .ro
ctk c/oo,rh //c exc/=n / /.oo, c.1? ( g)
tdzxz
TN
ct2xt *,x=o , ,l',.
^a ;,1 =) (b"+
# SX = o
,ot3+ A: s o or 2y? -- t ; A, ft.vct

(D'* afsx= o ,/,b.,

o^J
#ii -s -^ c1r h1-.r<
\1 =a?n^l

s '.'t f /n er-

Hcn. a

4 = ( e, cos A,x * czt,a A,x ( c,

) Gs Azl * c4 3,h 2eYr.,rJe
Ttz. 6 onry'a,-7 e:.t /,,f,ba 1 a, r<
;1 u(ar/,t):o
-@)
irl q(a,y,t):o
i;U 4(xrort ) 3o iv) u ( xrb,t)' o
 3+.
D &a'uro/*-l Caao/,4'e-, (f Y "ver
C/
-^rrrt
O ,= c, ( Cz 4c \zr/ f C+ S,;X1f) e ; €
+ Ct to
fA44 (+) bet-.,.et

0c t cacs ,f,h ( c, X"y + crd,h AzY.) ;^"':@

1,^
t

i; ) Q-r.nre.l*q 6J,1l bn €,'or. ,

vcl - A'e't
o= ea CS ,Sr^ A,q ( ca Ar/ f Cr&h )rY) e
ftUc t

,Sirl ),a =o S,,rt rhTT

=

t' ii ) 1J 6 4nJe7r Co a /,,/..e n 1,., (s- J

- *"'+
o

c3 = o
*tv.-a fr"; (S ) 2?
-1ct
q = CzC+C;,.Sia A,x Sin A) e
-@
iu ) AJor-n.rd oV @J.'/,'on ,'a gC)
2, 2
- Ct
O: CaCq C; S,a 2,X S''h Arb e
S;n)rrS =o = Sfr'rr'rli + A"=+

6*ce A'= A', +At 2^

//,4-, A'= ,"1# * +, I
Pu{ 4- ,ta/".u of A, , )" a.^J A
4/ ive. r

ucx,%t) = c"c4crs,n + o,. +

'/-a
7/. -/ o / &a/u lbn +
d' ao
a(x,y,()
F-
--\\A
= /_ Z_ts| nrrt
lvl: t n-- t

a,qe/ /tz tn. /a / G-J'/.b-,

u(x,na) = fc+y., /
.0{) ao
s'>
LLAn^
Jc+yl = trl:, n=t

,u/-'c/ /1. 4- oL'. //c E- r,.er .9h e Jenes "{ {ct,

q
/
221
Anrn = q,bJ
tuTf X
4 Trxry
v,-- o

-@
ce q /eqae7o /'tc
t/c.t
_ ,j lk
e/,!,/r,'J*l.b tt 4),'(t
€xo*, pl,
3a/,,. p< r1//r- i40i Laplo c < e?qa /, inn

at,"
bya =o

'-rt A re c/onX;lc u,'/h q(at/) = o

tt (qry ) : o
4(4b):o
q (x,o)= {ctS a./o"t17 x- e*!

,So /u /;aa l
u <t)
c 4,/)
at,, e,
--X
4,

x
I ar'
ol
E
tI

\/I
d+
ol Y'
cii t

2x
of + A'X :o X : C, Ca5 )21 f cz Sth Ax
=>
ol x2

tl' = c? ehl + c+e:Ay

ol'Y j *t io
o( l'

u Crry ) = et cor A> r cz6,h Ax)(rr?* rri^i (r'r',)

o')
p*1 X 7o o .= ct ( ca eAY+ ,E E =) c,:o
 3+-
ucx,y) = c23'7 Ar(cs€ Av -av
+ c+€ ) ( i,t)
Pu t x= 4 ,h l;v)
o : c2 €i.t )e. ( ,, !'* j^' )
"+ => st^ A4.o
or 6r2t )a
= <grionT =)
ou'' nT
fro,n(i t) qC\y) ,
= c2&,a + e+e ) ({)

Pnf y = b .h (u)
ntb
= C s ,Sr'n %
4
f
4vt -" rf ,t
Cle o + C?€o =o => c+

f/1t-', ( u) ot. // b e
NT
24 t
cc (x// ) = Cz Cg ,t, 9
-v

o$
tr-
4c4/) - )- bt,
lt=l

Pnf y= 6

l
q
2 \f jcx)6hTdx
- 4f.Y
= 4J
o
r4
I r - rtTXalx
bn: 2
\ 5 c*l s"" 4-
J
a
 39.
1. Solve completely the equation

\. 0r /, -,,
f e
I I
0 < .r < 1 ] ,\ns" ).(x.r) -| 1r,,
nTict 2,r -.
,inll{cos,r,'.1: ,,,= ,Ti,L p..!-.L,. :()(
,pf"lrin
-J

2' A taut string of' length 2t is fastened at both ends. The midpoint of rhe str-ing is takerr (u i!
height h and then |eleased frcm rest in that position. Find
rhe displacernenr of rhe strirrr,
r'
4r'r. rr', =+f. (-ti"-' -'n (2,- l)n!..o,(2" - ltr.I
| D I
I n' f,(2n- l)' 2i 2t I

r' /\ tintltillrr t'l:rstrt. :ltr.irrp, ol lcrrgth {r() <:lrt is srrlrjt:clctl

to lr cot)stiylI tcr)sion ol.2 kg_ 1.thc
('rt(l:i :lr'c f ixct.l lrrrtl tlrc irritial clislllat:crncrrt
is t,(.r, {)) = 60x _ r- to1.0 < x < 60 while lhc
rrrrlr,rl Yi.lr)(.rl-y ts zclO. i-inr.l )(\., 1).

|
j Arrs. .vtx.,)
^'/,
!r!:t' i t -1 . ,in e!-|y, (tn )r
- l)ncr ;
- .nr ,

i 7r' izri - l)-'

\,-r 60 60 )]
'!' A lrrtrtstring oi'length 20 c,'ns f-astened at both
cncs is cisplaceci fr-om its position of equilibriurr
iry irrrparl"ing to each of its poinrs an initial vclocity
is given b.v

,,=] x in 0<x I0
[20-x in l0<;r 2A
't bcing the distance fi-orn one end. Deterrnine the displacement
at any subsequent time.

I-
^
A*. i6oo + r ./,,.\ nrY --..j
I
I
,(*, rr= #);sinl i'
zr''c f1n., \ 2 )lsin T.rinII'I
20 ,O I

]
5' A tightili srretched string with fixed end points x 0 and x"=,T.is
= initially at rest in the
equilibrium position. if ir is ser viblaring by giving each point u o.iry [$) = 0.03
""f \oI )t=o
sin x - 0'04 sin 3x then find the displaceme* t y(x, t) at any point
of the str.ing at any time r.

fO*. rf", r; : 110.0:sinxsinc/ - 0. l33sin3xsin:all

LC
6' A tightly stretched string with fixed end pointsx= 0 andx=
/is initially in apositiongiven
bv-v = )'0 tt"'
'.f*) .
--
If it is released from rest fiorn this position, find rhe disp]acemen t y{x, t):
[7J
- .. r

7'
Lo*.
A tightly stretched l'iexible string has its ends fixed
r,,,', =
* [r''"
atx=0and x = l. Attime /=0the siring
T*'T-,;n !'{"o,
+l
is gi','en a shape defined by y = p
we - x), is a constant and then released. Find the
dispiacement y(x, t) of any point x of the string
at any rime / > 0.
tr

r=+i t-t;tl' .ror'n" rin'n*l

I - L
y1*,
l'ar,..
L -T'ffr n-'
8' A unilbrm string of length / is struck in such a way that an initial velocity
l
of u9 is imparted
to i.hc portion of tlte I 'lt
string -and whiie the string is in equilibrium position. Find
o1 the
l
I

t-
3q.
I

L
subsequent displacement of the string as a function ofx and r.

l-

,]'
a!!!)
11. If a string of length I is released from rest xn rne posltlon )- r
show rharr rrrt.

motion is described by the equation.

[4n.. ur'.,1 = -------^ +/

32ft I \2n + l)itx (2n + llncr

L'
I

x" j(2n rlS'-rrrr

t I I

I
 44

1. Solve the boundary value problern r'!; ,Urthe condition s u(t, t)= 0 for all r > 0
!:
\fO. ,l= 6 and u(x, 0) = 20x for 0 < x < l.
0t
:'.' n
lAns'z(x'r)-{ri(-1)'.r
ry)
| "7=, \t)
""fry]t l
2. <x<n, r>
*=r' !
Solve o'
^ro
.. /n l)-17x\tr'
,ir\u, '\ -,, t- t)t)=0 and z(+,0) =.,"'.
fm.
Ou " 6'u
3.Solve ot
^=c---ox- with conditions

l:0;

at any time t
 4t.
7. A bar 40 cm long has originally a ternperature of 0"C along all its length. At / = 0, the
temperature at the end x = 0 is raised to 50"C while that at other end is raised to i00'C.
Determine the resulting temperature functron.
- rt r -l
t *
n*
I Ans. u(x,r) = a * 59 -
?
f 50 + t oo(- t)'
. rin . r-':# |

l4nfi40 l
8. An insulated of Iengln / has its endsA and B maintained ar O"C and 100"C respectively
r.od
until steady state conditions prevails. If B is suddenly reduced to OoC and maintained 0"C ,
find the temperature at a distance x from A at time t. (U.P.T.U. 2004\

I lo^. ,r', r1=Uf

(-t)"', inn*
t ,+l
| "7,n I

A,,
" A)u under the conditions (i) ?e,
9. Solve "! =c24 A,,
t)=0, (,r)
A,,
9!.5-r\=O and
0t 0x' Ax'""'
(2n-r)tw ."-(zn-r)2r2tnsl
(iii) u(a 0) =
". Ars. a(r, ,)::-
2 +>;-1-r cos
|
I
n'frt1zn-t1' 5 j
10. A rod of length / has its ends A and B kept 0"C and 120'C until steady state conditiois
prevail. If the temperature at B is reduced to 0"C and kept so'while rhat of A is maintained

r=L' -z-=^z I
find a(a r). t^
|A*. u(x, t):'' 240 S
.2
(-r)"* ' nn -n !2
e
I

|L "7r n t |

ti" I
^ ^,
11. Solve ?=r' -stn-
ot $undel
the boundary c, nditions
dx'
(i) a is finite when t -) @ (ii) u = 0 when x = 0 and x = n far ali values of r, and (iii) u = x

frorn x = 0 to -r = fi when / = 0. f*. r,r, t)=zf.(-l)"*t rin* .r-"r'1

Frn
L )
 /+2,

An infinite long plane uniform plate is bounded by two parallel edges and an
angles to then. The breadth is n. ThiS end is maintained at temperature uo at a

A rectangular plate with insuiated surfaceS is l0 cm wide and-so long compared to its widthl$
that it may be considered infinite. in length withouf introducirig an appreciable error. If the j
temperature along the short edge ) =.0,is given by
u(x,0)=20x,0<-r<5
= 20(10 - x), 5 < -r-< 10.

while the two long edges x = 0 and x = l0 as well as other short edges are kept
at 0.C. Find
the steady state temperature at any point (x, y) of the plate.

*' (-t)-
[or,r. ,1r, y) = ry f ,' n(2m -
n" Er(2m-1)' lo
t)nx
"-*:P]
I I

A long rectangular plate of width lam with insulated surfaces has its temperatLlre , equal io
zero on borh the long sides and one of the shorrer sides so that u(0, y) i(1, y)
=

*) | .,-, -
= u(x, = O and u(x, O)- ftx. Find u(x, y). r,". ,r=+2#*7" =
l_O*. )
A long rectangularplate has its surface insulated and the two long sides as well one of the
short sides are kept at OoC while the other sides is kept at u(x, O) 3x and the length being
=

t^ a30 S (-l)"* I n* --1

5
5 cm. Find u(x, y). Ars. .z
"7' n 5
I rr1x. -y):
L
|

I
A square plate has its faces and the edge,y
=.0 in'sulated. Its edges x -srn-e'
= 0 and x = fi are kept
at 0"C and the edEe y = n is kept at temperatur e (x).Find the steady state temperature.
f
T--

L^^.,,',
D= f, o^*#. where r^ =
1"[ro)
si" *d,.J
1 A long rectangular plate has its surface insulated and the two long sides as well as one of the
short sides are maintained at 0"C. Find an expression for the steady state temperature u(x, y)
if the short side y = 0 is 30 cm long and kept at 40.C.
:

' I 160$ l -Qn-.t)rt'

30 (2m-r\nx
u(x, v)=;
lo^.
L Lr*_,sinY:Ut'z.e |