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Assignment of Research and Methodology

The document outlines the fundamentals of research methodology, emphasizing its systematic approach to solving research problems and the various types of research, including basic, applied, quantitative, and qualitative research. It also details the basic steps of a research proposal, which include defining the title, problem, background, literature review, objectives, methods, and references. Each section serves to establish a coherent framework for conducting original research and engaging with existing scholarly conversations.

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abraraliabro
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7 views

Assignment of Research and Methodology

The document outlines the fundamentals of research methodology, emphasizing its systematic approach to solving research problems and the various types of research, including basic, applied, quantitative, and qualitative research. It also details the basic steps of a research proposal, which include defining the title, problem, background, literature review, objectives, methods, and references. Each section serves to establish a coherent framework for conducting original research and engaging with existing scholarly conversations.

Uploaded by

abraraliabro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Institute of Law

Name = Abrar Ali Abro

Roll No= 11

Class = 5th Year Section “A”

Subject= Research and Methodology

Assignment Topic: Introduction of

Research, Types of Research, Basic Steps of

Research
QUESTION:1. INTRODUCTION OF
RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY.
Research Methodology is a way to systematically solve a research
problem. It is a science of studying how research is done
scientifically. It aims to give the work plan of research. It provides
training in choosing methods materials, scientific tools and
techniques relevant for the solution of the problem. A research
methodology involves specific techniques that are adopted in
research process to collect, assemble and evaluate data. It defines
those tools that are used to gather relevant information in a
specific research study.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

 Basic Research.

Basic research, also called pure research or fundamental research,


has the scientific research aim to improve scientific theories for
improved understanding or prediction of natural or other
phenomena

 Problem-oriented research.
Problem oriented research: As the name suggests, problem-
oriented research is conducted to understand the exact nature of a
problem to find out relevant solutions. The term “problem” refers
to multiple choices or issues when analyzing a situation

 Applied Research.

This type of research is exactly opposite to the basic research that


is the primary purpose of this research is to solve a problem rather
than to gain knowledge. The primary purpose of this research is to
improve the existing human condition.

The focus of this research is on the analysis in solving of real life or


social life problems.

 Quantitative research.

This is the research that is based on numerical figures or on


numbers that is why the name quantitative. The primary objective
of this type of research used to quantify the quality and compare it
with past records. Quantitative research refers to the systematic
investigation of the measurable qualities according to Social
sciences.

 Qualitative research.
The research which is non-quantitative and type is called
qualitative research. The collecting, analyzing and interpretation of
data is qualitative research.

Qualitative research is considered more on the subjective front and


uses different methods in order to collect and gain information like
in-depth interviews and focus groups.

Quantitative research and Qualitative Research is


further divided into different types.
 Case study :

This is collective or historical research about a particular


topic or an incident in a detailed manner. The case of failed
products or succeeded products may be studied by people.
For example, how iPods from Apple finished Sony Walkman
and Discman and changed the market and the industry.

 Grounded theory :

It is based on grounded observations of data from which it


was conceived. A variety of resources, like qualitative data,
review records surveys, first-person observations etc.
 Triangulation:

Triangulation facilitates validation of data through cross


verification from more than two sources. It tests the
consistency of findings obtained through different
instruments.

 QUESTION:2. BASIC STEPS OF


RESEARCH PROPOSAL
A research proposal is a concise and coherent summary of
your proposed research. It sets out the central issues or
questions that you intend to address. It outlines the general
area of study within which your research falls, referring to
the current state of knowledge and any recent debates on
the topic.

 The Title

Naming your research is an important part of the research


proposal
 THE PROBLEM: provide a succinct statement (one
paragraph)

Research is not a summary of what is available on a given


topic but an original analysis of a specific problem.

Research questions have to be complex. If you already


know the answer to the question, or if it can be obtained
through a few simple inquiries. It should be a puzzle, a
mystery that you want to solve. It should also require you to
look at multiple sources. In introducing your problem in a
research proposal.

 BACKGROUND OF STUDY: create a common ground of


understanding

The main idea of the background of study is to establish the


area of research in which your work belongs, and to provide
a context for the research problem. It also provides
information to the research topic
 LITERATURE REVIEW: enter into the scholarly
conversation

A research project should be original, rather than


reproducing existing literature on the topic. Yet it is helpful
to consider any current research as part of a scholarly
conversation. The literature review section of your proposal
is an opportunity to begin that conversation by reviewing
the research to date, indicating what aspects of it your
project will build upon and the ways that your proposed
research differs from what has already been done.

 OBJECTIVES: preliminary arguments

In order to build an argument, you should also indicate,


even in a preliminary fashion, the “solution” or
interpretation you anticipate will result from your analysis
of the problem.

 METHODS: how the research will be conducted


Once you have provided a context for your research, you
should be able to outline the specific steps you will take to
address the problem you have identified. This will include a
discussion of research methods.

 You should include a timetable for your research.


 REFERENCE: Referencing is used in the academic
community to indicate where ideas, theories, quotes,
facts and any other evidence and information used to
undertake an assignment, can be found. There are
many types of referencing are available

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