Welcome

We start at 14:00 (GMT+1)

Fundamentals of Smart
Grids

AFREC Smart Grid Training

2 0 2 5
Maxime GILLAUX

Master degree in
Works for Electricité de
engineering from
France group since 2008
CentraleSupelec

Fields of expertise Professional trainer for

• Grid control software and Smart Grids
infrastructure • Part-time teacher in
• Grid automation CentraleSupélec since 2017
• Telecommunication for smart grids • Internal trainer in EDF on
• Logistics for grid operators standardization for smart grids
 Goals and Planning

4
Goals

Know the key

concepts

Address the
importance of Develop skills
Understand the
regulatory and in Smart issues
policy
considerations
Electric Grids

Have an overview
of use cases and
technologies
•Integration of
renewable energies
•Smart Metering
•Data enhancement
Planning
Wednesday Thursday Wednesday Thursday Monday
[…] […] […]
26/02/2025 27/02/2025 05/03/2025 06/03/2025 10/03/2025
09h15-09h30
09h30-09h45 Integration of
09h45-10h00 Renewable
10h00-10h15 Energy in Smart
10h15-10h30 Grids
10h30-10h45
10h45-11h00 […] Break […] […]
11h00-11h15
11h15-11h30 Integration of
11h30-11h45 Renewable
11h45-12h00
12h00-12h15
Energy in Smart
Grids
Times are in
12h15-12h30
12h30-12h45
GMT+1
12h45-13h00
13h00-13h15
13h15-13h30
13h30-13h45
13h45-14h00
Advanced
14h00-14h15
Communication Metering
14h15-14h30
Technologies in Infrastructure
14h30-14h45 Regulatory and
Smart Grids (AMI) and Grid Data Analytics
14h45-15h00 Fundamentals Policy
Sensors and Grid
15h00-15h15 of Smart Grids Considerations
Optimization
15h15-15h30 Break […] Break […] […] for Smart Grids
15h30-15h45
Advanced
15h45-16h00
Communication Metering
16h00-16h15
Technologies in Infrastructure
16h15-16h30
Smart Grids (AMI) and Grid
16h30-16h45
Sensors
16h45-17h00
 Preface
EDF International Networks Presentation

7
 1st Smart Grid
Company
Enedis designated in 2022
(for the 2nd time in the row)
the world’s smartest grid
operator by the Singapore Grid
Index

International
8 Networks
 9

EDF Network Business

Enedis (100% subsidiary of EDF)
European Leader in Power Distribution Networks
EDF SEI - French Islands Integrated Operator
(generation, networks and supply)

An International consulting
company
●
France

International Networks
 CHAPTER

01
Introduction to smart grids concepts and
definitions

10
Let’s start with a quick debrief !

What was your result at the

Smart Grid Knowledge Quiz ?
Smart Grid Definition

International energy agency defines a smart grid as “an electricity network that uses digital and other advanced technologies to monitor and
manage the transport of electricity from all generation sources to meet the varying electricity demands of end-users. Smart grids co-ordinate the
needs and capabilities of all generators, grid operators, end-users and electricity market stakeholders to operate all parts of the system as efficiently as
possible, minimizing costs and environmental impacts while maximizing system reliability, resilience and stability.”

New tools
• IoT
IT and data
• Data management
solutions
Grid Management
Data collection
New usages
• Renewable energy
Smart New
consumption
modes Sensors +
Grid telecommunication +
• Storage • Smart cities and
• E-mobility homes
• Prosumers

SCADA

Transport and distribute energy

New grid
management
• More flexibility
Electrical infrastructure
• Optimize
investment
Smart Grid Objectives

Continuity and quality of

supply
Performance

Increase the technical and Network investments /

economic performance of maintenance programs
the Distribution Grid optimization
Distributed
renewable energy
sources
Safety and efficiency of field
operations
Smart Cities
Goals and ambitions may
include
Electric Vehicle
Development of distributed
renewable energy sources

New offers to customers

Development of new uses of
and local authorities
the network (self-
Facilitate energy transition consumption, electric
transportation, flexibilities Data-related services
and demand response…)

At different time horizons for

grid operations (network Cyber security
investments, real-time
operations…)
Smart Grid Potential benefits
 Challenges & necessary transformation to address

Assets Corporate and HR IT infrastructure Customers Regulation

Automation level of
Evolution of
network
organization and Interoperability
Changes in the
business processes capacities Compliance with
Network sizing process interaction with
evolving regulations
consumers / prosumers
Expand the scope of Data quality and storage that govern the
Telecommunication (Power control –
activity electricity sector
infrastructure flexibility)
Cyber security
Finance the investment
Smart meter

International Networks
 A few Key-words

ADMS DERMS AMI TSO/DSO MDMS OMS

Advanced Distribution Distributed Energy Resources Advanced Metering Transmission / Distribution Meter Data Management
Outage Management System
Management System Management System Infrastructure System Operator System

International Networks
 CHAPTER

02
Evolution of the traditional power grid to a
smart grid

17
From Mono to Multi-directional

Mono-directional Multidirectional
• Transmit electricity from large centralized generation units • Massive introduction of decentralized renewable energies
• Such as thermal, nuclear, or hydroelectric power plants • Development of new uses
• To electricity consumers • Electric vehicles
• Typically connected to the distribution network • Storage units
• The electric current followed a unidirectional path from the • Altered flow of electricity across the grid
power plants to consumers, passing through the transmission • Electric current has become multidirectional
network. • Control and management of the grid have become more
• Management and control of flows on the grid relatively complex
simple • Requiring more advanced supervision tools, equipped with
greater computational capacity and enhanced network
control assistance

Monodirectional power flow Multidirectional power flow

Opening of the energy markets: End of monopolies

Smart grids are

Opening of
also driven by the Opening of Opening of
electricity
evolution of electricity sales electricity network
production
electricity markets to management to
markets to
regulation in many competition competition
competition
countries
From Network to System Operator

TNO / DNO
Facilitate •Transmission /
competition in Distribution
Network Operator
electricity supply,
electricity
generation and
flexibility services

Data
management and
added value
services

TSO / DSO
• Transmission / Distribution System Operator
Main Smart Grid Solutions

SMART GRID FUNCTIONS

MV instrumentation through sensors which are able to automatically detect changes in

MV Grid automation
network parameters and equipment which can be remotely operated

LV instrumentation through sensors which are able to automatically detect changes in

LV Grid automation
network parameters and equipment which can be remotely operated.

Distributed generation Reception capacity of decentralized or centralized sources in the power distribution
integration network

Storage Use of electrochemical batteries to store energy

Demand side management Possibility to modulate demand through the use of associated orders or signals

Network of limited geographical extent with the ability to work in isolated/self-sufficient

Microgrid
mode
Send your answers on the white board !

What Smart Grid

Solutions do you know ?
 Examples of Smart technologies and Data Solutions

Improving day to day operations Enable new usages

Grid Efficiency Smart City
Management Integration

Load Balancing • • Energy Assessment for Local Authority Assets

Real-time Monitoring Systems • • Public Lighting Optimization
Load Profiling and Forecasting • • Urban Infrastructure Planning

Grid Reliability
Electric Mobility
Enhancement

Predictive Maintenance Algorithms • • Charging Point Connection Capacity Assessment

Outage Management Systems • • EV Load Management
Fault Detection and Localization • • Fleet Electrification Services
Smart
Solutions Demand Side
Losses Management
Response

Overall Losses Estimation • • Peak Shaving and Load Shifting

Technical Losses Reduction • • Customer Engagement
Non-Technical Losses Mitigation • • Incentivized Demand Response Programs

Planning & Asset Distributed Energy

Optimization Resources

Optimized Generator Capacity Planning • • DER Connection Capacity Assessment

Geographic Information System (GIS) Updating • • Overload Management

International Networks
 24

Smart Grid innovative solutions

• Use of drones
• Advanced network functions
• LIDAR sensors
• Centralized voltage control
• LV monitoring

• • LV cartography
• Local voltage control law • Field technicians equipped with 3.0 tools
MV Producers cybersecurity
• grid connection requirements • energy planning studies
solutions MV • Smart MV/LV substations • studying grid connections feasibility
Producers, • Flexibilities

International Networks
 CHAPTER

03
Key components and technologies shaping
smart grids

25
 26

Smart Grid Network Components

Observability and automation through new, smart sensors including Smart Meters

T É L É C O M

Supervision and maintenance for IT and Telecom infrastructure

International Networks
 27

Grid Automation

• Status information • Fault detection • Status information • Fault detection

• Protections • Breakers • Protections • Switchgears
• Load shedding • Connected surge • Power reference • Telemetry
• Breakers protector • Online Tap Changer
• Telemetry • Flood detection
• Frequency injection

International Networks
Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Technical
Architecture : Datacenter Legacy System

CT Meters GPRS Analytics

HES MDMS CRM Billing
Web APP
Meters RF DCU GPRS Mobile APP GIS DR

NMS WFMS
Meters PLC DCU GPRS

1 2 3 4 5

Major functions :
1 2 3 4 5
Data Data acquisition Enterprise
Data Reading Data Analytics
Transportation and control Applications
Still Awake ?

What does ADMS mean?

 What is a DMS ? (Distribution Management System)

Functions used to operate the system in real time:

Operation • Define and modelize the network to give visibility to the operator
of the • Carry out operations (load shedding, load transfers, etc.)
The DMS: • Locate faults, and ensure that operations are resumed after defects
- is based on the SCADA system Network
- and can contains 5 functional blocks Functions used to optimize operation:
Optimization • Optimize the operating scheme (opening point...)
• Optimize electrical quantities (voltage plan management, Volt/Var...)
of the • Manage the peak
Network
DMS
Functions used to analyze network performance:
Analysis • Calculate the continuous performance (losses, SAIDI, SAIFI
of the • Analyze defects with archiving and events
SCADA Network • Analyze the protection plan, harmonics and possible failures

Functions used to train operating personnel

Training • Simulate training scenarios (trainer)
• Practice in real time (trainee)

The function of the SCADA is to:

• recover network data
• return orders on network
equipment
What is an ADMS?

An Advanced Distribution Management System (ADMS) is a SCADA system designed to manage and optimize the operation of electrical
distribution grids. It integrates various tools and functionalities to improve the reliability, efficiency, and automation of the distribution
network. ADMS helps utilities handle both traditional grid operations (SCADA functionalities) and the complexities introduced by
renewable energy, electric vehicles, and energy storage system

ADMS : Advanced distribution mangement system

Advanced features

Distributed Energy Fault Detection,

Outage Volt Var State Optimal load Load and
Resource Isolation, and Simulation
Management Optimisation Estimator flow production
Management Restoration platform
System (OMS) (VVO) (SE) (OPF) forecast
(DERMS) (FDIR/ FLISR)

SCADA system (Real time monitoring)

ADMS main functionalities
Outage Management System (OMS): The OMS enables utilities to efficiently detect, isolate, and resolve power outages. It identifies the location of the outage, predicts the affected
area, and helps dispatch crews to restore service faster. OMS often includes mobile and geolocation solutions for better traceability of outages and assists in assigning human
resources respond swiftly. It can also integrate with call centers to inform customers about the estimated restoration time and help identify the specific electrical zones impacted by
the outage.

Distributed Energy Resources Management System (DERMS): The DERMS manages distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar farms, wind plants, and battery storage
through power Plant Controllers (PPCs) or DEIEs (in France). DERMS ensures these resources are seamlessly integrated into the grid, optimizing their contribution to energy supply
while maintaining grid stability. It balances the variability of renewable energy and ensures efficient power flow across the system.

Fault Detection, Isolation, and Restoration (FDIR/FLISR): Fault Detection, Isolation, and Restoration (FDIR), also referred to as FLISR, automates the detection of faults in the grid,
isolates the affected sections, and restores power to unaffected areas. It minimizes downtime by rerouting electricity around the faulty section. The system can use data from
Intelligent Line Devices (ILDs), grid sensors, or smart meters via the ADMS interface to quickly identify the location of the fault.

ADMS
Volt/VAR : Advanced
Optimization (VVO): VVOdistribution
ensures voltage mangement
levels are optimizedsystem
across the distribution network, improving power quality and reducing energy losses. It manages reactive
power and controls devices like On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs) and voltage setpoints to maintain voltages within specified limits. Depending on the ADMS provider, VVO may also
control reactive power from power plants to further enhance grid voltage stability.

Load and production forecasting : ADMS offers tools for load and production forecasting, allowing grid operators to predict future energy demand and renewable energy production
using real-time data, historical trends, and meteorological forecasts. This helps grid operators plan for peak demand or peak production periods, identify potential congestion points,
and develop strategies to mitigate issues before they arise.

Advanced Analytics and Simulation (Offline Function): The system includes advanced electrical analytics and simulation capabilities for modeling the grid and running load flow
calculations. This allows utilities to prepare for contingencies, test different grid configurations, and assess the impact of maintenance or grid construction work. Dispatchers often
use this functionality to simulate scenarios and prepare for grid operations (maintenance or grid construction).

Optimal Power Flow (OPF): ADMS supports OPF, which proposes reconfigurations of the grid to minimize power losses or reduce generation costs. By adjusting the settings of RTUs,
OPF helps ensure efficient energy distribution, balancing both cost and performance in real-time grid operations.

TSO-DSO Interoperability: ADMS enhances interoperability between the DSO and TSO. It facilitates improved data exchange, enabling better management of renewable energy
production and addressing transmission network congestion. For instance, ADMS can help control power generation limits when transmission lines are congested, ensuring safe and
stable grid operations across both distribution and transmission networks.
ADMS IT integration

For the successful deployment of an ADMS project, depending on the chosen technical scope, it is essential to plan for interfaces and APIs with the DSO
information system, RTUs, AMI,TSO and other systems necessary for its effective operation. The main challenge remains ensuring the interoperability
of the ADMS solution with the entire client information system.

GIS

Call center
(CIS)
API AMI

ADMS
SCADA

Third-party TSO
tool

RTU’s
(substation,
DER…)
ADMS MARKET STUDY

Advanced
features

SCADA
and
ADMS
See you tomorrow for a start at 13h45