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Unit 3_ Distributed Forces

The document discusses the concepts of center of gravity, center of mass, and centroid, explaining their definitions and differences. It also covers the axis of symmetry and axis of reference, along with methods to determine centroids for various shapes. Additionally, it introduces the moment of inertia in relation to these concepts.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
9 views18 pages

Unit 3_ Distributed Forces

The document discusses the concepts of center of gravity, center of mass, and centroid, explaining their definitions and differences. It also covers the axis of symmetry and axis of reference, along with methods to determine centroids for various shapes. Additionally, it introduces the moment of inertia in relation to these concepts.

Uploaded by

narendra22426
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kathmandu University

Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal

Unit 3: Distributed Forces

Prepared by:
Bini Neupane
Master of Engineering in Structural Engineering
Email id: [email protected]
Concept of Center of Gravity:
• A body comprises of several parts and its every part
possess weight.
• The weight of all parts of a body can be considered as 2 4
parallel forces directed towards the center of earth. G 3
• Thus, centre of gravity is defined as the point through
1
which the whole weight of the body is assumed to act.
• It id denoted by c.g. or G. w4
w2
• Position depends upon the shape of the body and has w3
only one. w1
• Location does not change in orientation.
2
Concept of Center of Gravity:

2 4
G 3

1
w4
w2
w3
w1

3
Center of Gravity and Center of Mass:
• Center of mass is the point where the whole mass of body is assumed to act.
• It differs from center of gravity only when the gravitational field is not uniform and non-
parallel.

4
Centroid:
• The centroid or center of area is defined as the
point where the whole area of the figure is
assumed to be concentrated.
• It is analogous to center of gravity when a body
has area but not weight.
• The plane figures (like triangle, quadrilateral,
circle, etc.) have only areas, but no mass. The
centre of area of such figures is known as
centroid.

5
Axis of Symmetry:
• The axis which divides the line, area or volume into two identically equal area is known as
axis of symmetry.
• The C.G. lies on the axis of symmetry and the first moment of area about that axis must be
zero.

6
Axis of Reference:
• The C.g. of a body is always calculated with reference to some assumed axis known as axis of
reference.

Reference Axis

7
Centroid of Lines:

8
Centroid of Area:

9
Centroid of Volume:

10
Determination of Centroid of area of rectangle:

11
Determination of Centroid of area of Triangle:

12
13
1. Determine the centroid of the cross sectional area of an unequal I-Section.

14
2. A uniform lamina shown in figure, consists of rectangle, a circle and a triangle.
Determine the centroid of the lamina.

15
3. Determine the centroid of the area shown.

16
Moment of Inertia:

17
THANK YOU!

18

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