Unit 3_ Distributed Forces
Unit 3_ Distributed Forces
Prepared by:
Bini Neupane
Master of Engineering in Structural Engineering
Email id: [email protected]
Concept of Center of Gravity:
• A body comprises of several parts and its every part
possess weight.
• The weight of all parts of a body can be considered as 2 4
parallel forces directed towards the center of earth. G 3
• Thus, centre of gravity is defined as the point through
1
which the whole weight of the body is assumed to act.
• It id denoted by c.g. or G. w4
w2
• Position depends upon the shape of the body and has w3
only one. w1
• Location does not change in orientation.
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Concept of Center of Gravity:
2 4
G 3
1
w4
w2
w3
w1
3
Center of Gravity and Center of Mass:
• Center of mass is the point where the whole mass of body is assumed to act.
• It differs from center of gravity only when the gravitational field is not uniform and non-
parallel.
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Centroid:
• The centroid or center of area is defined as the
point where the whole area of the figure is
assumed to be concentrated.
• It is analogous to center of gravity when a body
has area but not weight.
• The plane figures (like triangle, quadrilateral,
circle, etc.) have only areas, but no mass. The
centre of area of such figures is known as
centroid.
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Axis of Symmetry:
• The axis which divides the line, area or volume into two identically equal area is known as
axis of symmetry.
• The C.G. lies on the axis of symmetry and the first moment of area about that axis must be
zero.
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Axis of Reference:
• The C.g. of a body is always calculated with reference to some assumed axis known as axis of
reference.
Reference Axis
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Centroid of Lines:
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Centroid of Area:
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Centroid of Volume:
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Determination of Centroid of area of rectangle:
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Determination of Centroid of area of Triangle:
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1. Determine the centroid of the cross sectional area of an unequal I-Section.
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2. A uniform lamina shown in figure, consists of rectangle, a circle and a triangle.
Determine the centroid of the lamina.
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3. Determine the centroid of the area shown.
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Moment of Inertia:
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THANK YOU!
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