WEST BENGAL STATE UNIVERSITY

DRAFT SYLLABUS IN CHEMISTRY

FOR

4-year Undergraduate Programme (Honours)

&
3-year Multidisciplinary UG Programme

UNDER

Curriculum and Credit Framework

for Undergraduate Programmes
(CCFUP)

w.e.f. the academic session

of 2023-24
 Major (Core Course) for HONOURS in CHEMISTRY

SEMESTER-I

DS-1
(Credits: Theory-03, Practicals-02)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50
All Units carry equal marks
Unit-1: Atomic Structure & Radioactivity
(15 Lectures)
Bohr's theory for hydrogen atom (simple mathematical treatment), its limitations and atomic
spectra of hydrogen and Bohr's model, Sommerfeld's model, quantum numbers and their
significance, Pauli’s exclusion principle, Hund's rule, electronic configuration of many-
electron atoms, Aufbau principle and its limitations. Wave mechanics: de Broglie wave
equation, Qualitative idea of Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle. Radial and Angular
distribution curves. Shapes of s, p and d orbitals. Exchange energy (qualitative idea).

Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration: general characteristics of s-

, p-, d- and f-block elements. Positions of hydrogen and noble gases.

Unit-2: Basics of Organic chemistry

(15 Lectures)

Nomenclature for acyclic compounds only (trivial and IUPAC), DBE, hybridization(sp", n=
1,2,3) of C, N, O, halogens, bond distance, bond angles, VSEPR, shapes of molecules,
inductive and field effects, bond energy, bond polarity and polarisability, dipole moment,
resonance, resonance energy, steric inhibition of resonance, hyperconjugation, 𝞹-M.O
diagrams of ethylene, butadiene, 1,3,5- hexatriene, allyl cation, allyl anion, allyl radical,
HOMO and LUMO in ground and excited states, orbital pictures of allene, carbene(singlet and
triplet), vinyl cyanide, Huckel's rule for aromaticity and antiaromaticity (neutral systems
4,6,8,10 annulene, charged systems 3,4,5,7 rings, Frost-diagram, melting point, boiling point,
heat of hydrogenation, heat of combustion, hydrogen bonding (intra- and inter-molecular),
crown-ether, concepts of acidity, basicity. Reaction intermediate, carbocation, carbanion,
radicals, carbene & stability and generation.

Unit-3: Kinetic Theory of Gas

(15 Lectures)
Concept of pressure and temperature. Nature of the distribution of velocities in one dimension
(with derivation), extension to two and three dimensions (without derivation, expression by
induction). Maxwell's distribution of speeds in one, two and three dimensions, calculations of
average, root mean square and most probable values in each case. Graphical comparison of
velocity and energy distribution.

Collision of gas molecules; collision diameter; collision number and mean free path; frequency
of binary collisions (similar and different molecules); wall collision and rate of effusion.
Viscosity of gases from kinetic theory of gas.

Reference Books:

1. Lee J. D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Ed., Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008.
2. Douglas, B. E. and McDaniel, D. H. Concepts & Models of Inorganic Chemistry Oxford,
1970.
3. Day, M.C. and Selbin, J. Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, ACS publications, 1962.
4. Atkins, P. Shriver & Atkins’ Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Ed., Oxford University Press (2010).
5. Cotton, F.A., Wilkinson, G. and Gaus, P. L., Basic Inorganic Chemistry 3rd Ed., Wiley
India.
6. Sharpe, A. G., Inorganic Chemistry, 4th Indian Reprint (Pearson Education) 2005.
7. Huheey, J. E.; Keiter, E. A. & Keiter, R.L., Inorganic Chemistry, Principles of Structure
and Radioactivity 4th Ed., Harper Collins 1993, Pearson, 2006.
8. Atkins, P.W. & Paula, J. Physical Chemistry, Oxford Press 2006.
9. Mingos, D.M.P., Essential trends in Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press (1998).
10. Winter, M. J., The Orbitron, http://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/orbitron/ (2002). An illustrated
gallery of atomic and molecular orbitals.
11. Burgess, J., Ions in solution: basic principles of chemical interactions, Ellis Horwood
(1999).
12. . Finar, I. L. Organic Chemistry (Vol- 1), 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2002
13. 2. Sykes, P. A guidebook to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education, 2003.
14. 3. Morrison, R. T. & Boyd, R. N. Organic Chemistry, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt.
Ltd. (Pearson Education).
15. 4. Nasipuri, D. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Wiley Eastern Limited.
16. 5. Graham Solomons, T.W. Fryhle, C. B. Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
17. 6. Eliel, E. L. & Wilen, S. H. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, Wiley: London,
1994.
18. 7. Clayden, J., Greeves, N. & Warren, S. Organic Chemistry, Second edition, Oxford
University Press, 2012.
19. 8. Carey, F. A., Guiliano, R. M. Organic Chemistry, Eighth edition, McGraw Hill
Education, 2012.
20. Castellan, G. W. Physical Chemistry, Narosa
21. 3. McQuarrie, D. A. & Simons, J. D. Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach,
Viva Press
22. 4. Engel, T. & Reid, P. Physical Chemistry, Pearson
23. 5. Levine, I. N. Physical Chemistry, Tata McGraw-Hill
24. 6. Maron, S. &Prutton Physical Chemistry
25. 7. Ball, D. W. Physical Chemistry, Thomson Press
26. 8. Mortimer, R. G. Physical Chemistry, Elsevier
27. 9. Laidler, K. J. Chemical Kinetics, Pearson
28. 10. Glasstone, S. & Lewis, G.N. Elements of Physical Chemistry
29. 11. Rakshit, P.C., Physical Chemistry Sarat Book House
30. 12. Zemansky, M. W. & Dittman, R.H. Heat and Thermodynamics, Tata-McGrawHill
31. 13. Rastogi, R. P. &Misra, R.R. An Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics, Vikas
32. 14. Klotz, I. M. & Rosenberg, R. M. Chemical Thermodynamics, Wiley
Practical
(60 Lectures/Contact hours) Marks: 50
1. Preparation of Standard solutions
a) Primary Standard: K2Cr2O7, Oxalic Acid
b) Secondary Standard: KMnO4, Na2S2O3, Mohr’s Salt
2. Standardization of Secondary Standard Solution: (KMnO4, Na2S2O3, Mohr’s Salt)
3. Identification of Pure Organic Compounds
Liquid compounds: methanol, ethanol, acetone, aniline, dimethylaniline, benzaldehyde,
chloroform, and nitrobenzene
Solid compounds: oxalic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, resorcinol, urea, glucose,
benzoic acid and salicylic acid.
(Only unknown liquid and solid compounds as specified are to be written in laboratory
notebook)
4. Determination of boiling points of different Organic Compounds
Organic liquids with less than 1350C boiling point may be taken for experiments.
Boiling points of two unknown organic compounds should be noted with literature
survey (Reference may be incorporated therein)
5. Determination of molecular properties of liquids
a. Study of viscosity of unknown liquid (glycerol, sugar) with respect to water.
b. Determination of relative surface tension of a liquid using Stalagmometer

Reference Book:
1. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009
2. Practical Workbook Chemistry (Honours), UGBS, Chemistry, University of Calcutta,
2015.
3. Nad A. K., Mahapatra B. and Ghosal A. An Advanced Course in Practical Chemistry,
New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
4. Ghosh S., Das Sharma M., Majumder D and Manna S. Chemistry in Laboratory,
Santra Publication Pvt Ltd
5. Vogel, A. I. Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part 2: Qualitative Organic
6. Analysis, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
7. Viswanathan, B., Raghavan, P.S. Practical Physical Chemistry Viva Books (2009)
8. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson
9. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Ed., Freeman (2007)
 10. Palit, S.R., De, S. K. Practical Physical Chemistry Science Book Agency
11. University Hand Book of Undergraduate Chemistry Experiments, edited by
12. Mukherjee, G. N., University of Calcutta
13. Levitt, B. P. edited Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry Longman Group Ltd.
14. Gurtu, J. N., Kapoor, R., Advanced Experimental Chemistry S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

SEMESTER-II

DS-2
(Credits: Theory-03, Practicals-02)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50

All Units carry equal marks

Unit-1: Acid-Base reactions
(15 Lectures)
Acid-Base concept: Arrhenius concept, theory of solvent system (H2O, NH3, SO2 and HF),
Bronsted-Lowry’s concept, relative strength of acids, Pauling’s rules. Lux-Flood concept,
Lewis concept, group characteristics of Lewis acids, solvent levelling and differentiating
effects. Superacids, proton affinity; HSAB principle. Acid-base equilibria in aqueous solution
(Proton transfer equilibria in water), pH, buffer. Acid-base neutralization curves; indicator,
choice of indicators. Solubility product, common ion effect and their application in analytical
chemistry. (Gr. II A, B & Gr. III A, B).

Unit-2: Stereochemistry

(15 Lectures)

Stereochemistry of acyclic compounds: representation of molecules in Fischer, flying- wedge,

Sawhorse and Newman formula and their translations, chirality, elements of symmetry, simple
axis (Cn), plane of symmetry(σ), centre of symmetry(i), alternating axis of symmetry (Sn),
asymmetry and dissymmetry, optical activity, specific rotation, molar rotation, specific rotation
of mixture, Biot's law. Stereoisomerism: enantiomerism, diastereoisomerism, stereogenic
centre, systems with chiral centres, stereogenic centres involving C=C, C=N, D/L, R/S, E/Z,
syn/anti, cis/trans, meso/dl, threo/erythro nomenclature
Conformation: conformational nomenclature; eclipsed, staggered, gauche and anti, dihedral
angle, torsional angle, Klyne-Prelog terminology, energy barrier of rotation, relative stability
of conformers on the basis of steric effect, dipole-dipole interaction, hydrogen bonding,
conformational analysis of ethane, propane, n-butane, 1,2-dihaloethane, 2-methylbutane, 1.2-
glycols, invertomerism of trialkyl amines

Unit-3: Chemical kinetics

(15 Lectures)
Rate law, order and molecularity: Introduction of rate law, Extent of reaction; rate constants,
order; Forms of rates of First, second and n-th order reactions; Pseudo first order reactions
(example using acid catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl acetate); Determination of order of a
reaction by half-life and differential method.

Role of T and theories of reaction rate: Temperature dependence of rate constant; Arrhenius
equation, energy of activation; Rate-determining step and steady-state approximation –
explanation with suitable examples; Collision theory; outline of Lindemann theory of
unimolecular reaction; outline of Transition State theory (classical treatment)

Homogeneous catalysis: Homogeneous catalysis with reference to acid-base catalysis; Primary

kinetic salt effect; Enzyme catalysis.

Practical
(60 Lectures/Contact hours) Marks: 50
1. Acid-Base Titration:
a) NaOH − Na2CO3 mixture
b) Na2CO3 – NaHCO3 mixture
c) Oxalate − Oxalic Acid mixture
2. Qualitative Analysis of Single Solid Organic Compounds
A. Detection of special elements (N, S, Cl, Br) by Lassaigne’s test
B. Solubility and classification (Solvents: water, 5% HCl, 5% NaOH, saturated
NaHCO3)
C. Detection of the following functional groups by systematic chemical tests:
Whether aromatic or not ?
Hydrocarbon, aromatic amino (-NH2), aromatic nitro (-NO2), amido (-
 CONH2, including imide), anilido (CONHPH), phenolic -OH, carboxylic acid (-
COOH), carbonyl (-CHO and >C=O), only one test for each functional group is to
be reported.
D. Melting point of the given compound
E. Identification of the Probable compound through observed melting points and
functional groups

3. Study of kinetics of simple chemical reactions

a. Study of kinetics of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl acetate
b. Study of kinetics of decomposition of H2O2

Reference Book:
1. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009
2. Practical Workbook Chemistry (Honours), UGBS, Chemistry, University of Calcutta,
2015.
3. Nad A. K., Mahapatra B. and Ghosal A. An Advanced Course in Practical Chemistry,
New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
4. Ghosh S., Das Sharma M., Majumder D and Manna S. Chemistry in Laboratory,
Santra Publication Pvt Ltd
5. Vogel, A. I. Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part 2: Qualitative Organic
6. Analysis, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
7. Viswanathan, B., Raghavan, P.S. Practical Physical Chemistry Viva Books (2009)
8. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson
9. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Ed., Freeman (2007)
10. Palit, S.R., De, S. K. Practical Physical Chemistry Science Book Agency
11. University Hand Book of Undergraduate Chemistry Experiments, edited by
12. Mukherjee, G. N., University of Calcutta
13. Levitt, B. P. edited Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry Longman Group Ltd.
14. Gurtu, J. N., Kapoor, R., Advanced Experimental Chemistry S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
Minor Course in Chemistry for 4-year UG Programme
(Honours in subjects other than Chemistry) & 3-year
Multidisciplinary UG Programmes

SEMESTER-I

MA-1
(Credits: Theory-03, Practicals-02)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50

All Units carry equal marks

Unit-1: Inorganic Chemistry

(15 Lectures)
Atomic Structure

Bohr's theory for hydrogen atom (simple mathematical treatment), atomic spectra of hydrogen
and Bohr's model, Sommerfeld's model, quantum numbers and their significance, Pauli's
exclusion principle, Hund's rule, electronic configuration of many-electron atoms, Aufbau
principle and its limitations.

Chemical Periodicity

Classification of elements on the basis of electronic configuration: general characteristics of s-

, p-, d- and f-block elements. Positions of hydrogen and noble gases. Atomic and ionic radii,
ionization potential, electron affinity, and electronegativity; periodic and group-wise variation
of above properties in respect of s- and p- block elements.

Acids and bases

Brönsted-Lowry concept, conjugate acids and bases, relative strengths of acids and bases,
effects of substituent and solvent, differentiating and levelling solvents. Lewis acid-base
concept, classification of Lewis acids and bases, Lux-Flood concept and solvent system
concept. Hard and soft acids and bases (HSAB concept), applications of HSAB process.
Unit-2: Organic Chemistry

(15 Lectures)
Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry

Concept of hybridisation, Structure and shape of organic molecules on the basis of VBT.
Electronic displacements: inductive effect, resonance and hyperconjugation; nucleophiles
electrophiles; reactive intermediates: carbocations, carbanion.

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Functional group approach for the following reactions (preparations & reactions) to be studied
in context to their structures.

Alkanes(up to 5 Carbons): Preparation: catalytic hydrogenation, Wurtz reaction, Kolbe’s

synthesis, from Grignard reagent. Reactions: mechanism forfree radical substitution:
halogenation.

Alkenes(up to 5 Carbons): Preparation: elimination reactions: dehydration of alcohols and

dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides; cis alkenes (partial catalytic hydrogenation) and trans
alkenes (Birch reduction). Reactions: cis-addition (alkaline KMnO4) and trans-addition
(bromine) with mechanism, addition of HX [Markownikoff’s (with mechanism) and anti-
Markownikoff’s addition], hydration, ozonolysis, oxymercuration-demercuration and
hydroboration-oxidation reaction.

Alkynes(up to 5 Carbons): Preparation: acetylene from CaC2 and conversion into higher
alkynes; by dehalogenation of tetra halides and dehydrohalogenation of vicinal dihalides.
Reactions: formation of metal acetylides, addition of bromine and alkaline KMnO4, ozonolysis
and oxidation with hot alkaline KMnO4.

Unit-3: Physical Chemistry

(15 Lectures)
Kinetic Theory of Gases and Real gases

Concept of pressure and temperature; Collision of gas molecules; Collision diameter; Collision
number and mean free path; Frequency of binary collisions (similar and different molecules);
Rate of effusion ; Nature of distribution of velocities, Maxwell’s distribution of speed and
kinetic energy; Average velocity, root mean square velocity and most probable velocity;
Principle of equipartition of energy and its application to calculate the classical limit of molar
heat capacity of gases

Deviation of gases from ideal behaviours; compressibility factor; Boyle temperature; Andrew’s
and Amagat’s plots; van der Waals equation and its features; its derivation and application in
explaining real gas behaviour; Existence of critical state, Critical constants in terms of van der
Waals constants; Law of corresponding states

Viscosity of gases and effect of temperature and pressure on coefficient of viscosity (qualitative
treatment only)

Liquids

Definition of Surface tension, its dimension and principle of its determination using
stalagmometer; Viscosity of a liquid and principle of determination of coefficient of viscosity
using Ostwald viscometer; Effect of temperature on surface tension and coefficient of viscosity
of a liquid (qualitative treatment only)

Reference books :

1. Poddar S. N. General and Inorganic Chemistry, Book Syndicate Pvt. Ltd.

2. Dutta R. L. & De G.S. Inorganic Chemistry (Vol I), The New Book Stall.
3. Lee, J. D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Ed., Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008.
4. Sen Gupta, S. Organic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.
5. Bahl, A. & Bahl, B.S. Advanced Organic Chemistry, S. Chand, 2010.
6. Sen Gupta, S. Basic Stereochemistry of Organic molecules, Oxford University Press.
7. Rakshit P. C. Physical Chemistry, Sarat Book House.
8. Palit S. R. Elementary Physical Chemistry, Science Book Agency.
9. Pahari, S., Physical Chemistry New Central Book Agency.
10. Chugh, K.L., Agnish, S.L. A Text Book of Physical Chemistry, Kalyani Publishers.

Practical
(60 Lectures/Contact hours) Marks: 50

1. Preparation of standard solution:

(a) Primary standard: K2Cr2O7 and Oxalic acid

(b) Secondary standard: KMnO4, Na2S2O3
(c) Standardisation of secondary standard solution: KMnO4, Na2S2O3
 1. (A) Determination of single solid and liquid compounds:

(a) Oxalic acid, Resorcinol, Glucose, Salicylic acid, Benzoic acid.

(b) Ethanol, Acetone, Aniline, Nitrobenzene, Benzaldehyde.
(B) Preparation:
(a) Green bromination of acetanilide
(b) Dibenzalacetone
3. Determination of
(a) Relative viscosity of a solution
(b) Relative surface tension of a solution

Reference books :

1. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009
2. Practical Workbook Chemistry (Honours), UGBS, Chemistry, University of Calcutta,
2015.
3. Nad A. K., Mahapatra B. and Ghosal A. An Advanced Course in Practical Chemistry,
New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
4. Ghosh S., Das Sharma M., Majumder D and Manna S. Chemistry in Laboratory,
Santra Publication Pvt Ltd
5. Vogel, A. I. Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part 2: Qualitative Organic
6. Analysis, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
7. Viswanathan, B., Raghavan, P.S. Practical Physical Chemistry Viva Books (2009)
8. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson
9. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Ed., Freeman (2007)
10. Palit, S.R., De, S. K. Practical Physical Chemistry Science Book Agency
11. University Hand Book of Undergraduate Chemistry Experiments, edited by
12. Mukherjee, G. N., University of Calcutta
13. Levitt, B. P. edited Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry Longman Group Ltd.
14. Gurtu, J. N., Kapoor, R., Advanced Experimental Chemistry S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
 SEMESTER-II
MA-2
(Credits: Theory-03, Practicals-02)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50
All Units carry equal marks
Unit-1: Inorganic Chemistry
Chemical bonding and molecular structure
(15 Lectures)
Ionic bonding: General characteristics of ionic bonding. Energy consideration in ionic bonding,
lattice energy and solvation energy and their importance in the context of stability and
solubility of ionic compounds. Statement of Born-Lande equation for calculation of lattice
energy, Born Haber cycle and its application, polarizing power and polarizability, Fajan’s rule,
ionic character in covalent compounds, bond moment, dipole moment and percentage of ionic
character.
Covalent bonding: VB Approach: Shapes of some inorganic molecules and ions on the basis
of VSEPR and hybridization with suitable examples of linear, trigonal planar, square planar,
tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral arrangements.
Concept of resonance and resonating structures in various inorganic and organic compounds.
Redox reactions. Balancing of equations by oxidation number and ion-electron method,
oxidimetry and reductimetry
Unit-2: Organic Chemistry
Stereochemistry
(15 Lectures)
Different types of isomerism: geometrical and optical isomerism, concept of chirality and
optical activity (up to two carbon atoms), asymmetric carbon atom, elements of symmetry
(plane and centre), interconversion of Fischer and Newman representations, enantiomerism and
diastereomerism, meso compounds,threo and erythro, D and L, cis and trans nomenclature,
CIP rules, R/S (upto 2 chiral carbon atoms)andE/Z nomenclature
Nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions
Nucleophilic substitutions: SN1 and SN2 reactions, Eliminations: E1 and E2 reactions
(elementary mechanistic aspects), Saytzeff and Hofmann eliminations, elimination,
substitution vs elimination.
Unit-3: Physical Chemistry
(15 Lectures)
Chemical Energetics
Intensive and extensive variables, state and path functions, isolated, closed and open systems,
zeroth law of thermodynamics, concept of heat, work internal energy and statement of first
law, enthalpy, H, relation between heat capacities, calculations of q, w, U and H for the
reversible, irreversible and free expansion of gases
Standard states, Heats of reaction, enthalpy of formation of molecules and ions and enthalpy
of combustion and its applications, laws of thermochemistry, bond energy, bond dissociation
energy and resonance energy from thermochemical data, Kirchoff’s equation, and effect of
pressure on enthalpy of reactions
Statement of the second law of thermodynamics, Concept of heat reservoirs and heat engines,
Carnot cycle, Physical concept of Entropy, Carnot engine, refrigerator and efficiency, Entropy
change of systems and surroundings for various processes and transformations, Auxiliary state
functions (G and A) and criteria for spontaneity and equilibrium.
Chemical equilibrium
Thermodynamic conditions for equilibrium, degree of advancement, variation of free energy
with degree of advancement, Equilibrium constant and standard Gibb’s free energy change,
Definitions of Kp, Kc and Kx and relation among them, Le Chatelier’s principle.

Practical
(60 Lectures/Contact hours) Marks: 50
1. Estimation of
(a) Fe2+ ion in Mohr’s salt (permanganometry and dichromometry)
(b) Cu2+ by iodometrically

2. Analysis of unknown organic compounds:

Detection of special elements (N, Cl), Solubility, detection of functional groups (-
COOH, -OH (phenolic), carbonyl , -ArNH2, -ArNO2)

3. Determination of solubility product of KHTa

Reference books :

1. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009
2. Practical Workbook Chemistry (Honours), UGBS, Chemistry, University of Calcutta,
2015.
3. Nad A. K., Mahapatra B. and Ghosal A. An Advanced Course in Practical Chemistry,
New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
4. Ghosh S., Das Sharma M., Majumder D and Manna S. Chemistry in Laboratory,
Santra Publication Pvt Ltd
5. Vogel, A. I. Elementary Practical Organic Chemistry, Part 2: Qualitative Organic
6. Analysis, CBS Publishers and Distributors.
7. Viswanathan, B., Raghavan, P.S. Practical Physical Chemistry Viva Books (2009)
8. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson
9. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 6th Ed., Freeman (2007)
10. Palit, S.R., De, S. K. Practical Physical Chemistry Science Book Agency
11. University Hand Book of Undergraduate Chemistry Experiments, edited by
12. Mukherjee, G. N., University of Calcutta
13. Levitt, B. P. edited Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry Longman Group Ltd.
14. Gurtu, J. N., Kapoor, R., Advanced Experimental Chemistry S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

Skill Enhancement Course in Chemistry

SEMESTER-I

SE-1–BASIC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

(Credits: Theory-03)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50

Introduction
Introduction to Analytical Chemistry and its interdisciplinary nature. Concept of sampling.
Importance of accuracy, precision and sources of error in analytical measurements.
Presentation of experimental data and results from the point of view of significant figures.
Analysis of soil

Composition of soil, Concept of pH and pH measurement, Complexometric titrations,

Chelation, Chelating agents, use of indicators
1. Determination of pH of soil samples.
2. Estimation of Calcium and Magnesium ions as Calcium carbonate by complexometric
titration.

Analysis of water

Definition of pure water, sources responsible for contaminating water, water sampling
methods, water purification methods.
1. Determination of pH, acidity and alkalinity of a water sample.
2. Determination of dissolved oxygen (DO) of a water sample.

Analysis of food products

Nutritional value of foods, idea about food processing and food preservations and
adulteration.
1. Identification of adulterants in some common food items like coffee powder,
asafoetida, chilli powder, turmeric powder, coriander powder and pulses, etc.
2. Analysis of preservatives and colouring matter.

Chromatography

Definition, general introduction on principles of chromatography, paper chromatography,

TLC etc.
1. Paper chromatographic separation of mixture of metal ion (Fe3+ and Al3+).
2. To compare paint samples by TLC method.

Ion-exchange

Column, ion-exchange chromatography etc. Determination of ion exchange capacity of

anion / cation exchange resin (using batch procedure if use of column is not feasible).
Analysis of cosmetics

Major and minor constituents and their function

1. Analysis of deodorants and antiperspirants, Al, Zn, boric acid, chloride, sulphate.
2. Determination of constituents of talcum powder: Magnesium oxide, Calcium oxide,
Zinc oxide and Calcium carbonate by complexometric titration

Suggested Applications (Any one)

1. To study the use of phenolphthalein in trap cases.

2. To analyse arson accelerants.
3. To carry out analysis of gasoline.

Suggested Instrumental demonstrations

1. Estimation of macro nutrients: Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium in soil samples by

flame photometry.
2. Spectrophotometric determination of Iron in Vitamin / Dietary Tablets.
3. Spectrophotometric Identification and Determination of Caffeine and Benzoic Acid
in Soft Drinks

Reference Books

1. Willard, H.H., Merritt, L.L., Dean, J. & Settoe, F.A. Instrumental Methods of
Analysis, 7th Ed. Wadsworth Publishing Company Ltd., Belmont, California, USA, 1988.
2. Skoog, D.A., Holler, F.J. & Crouch, S. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Cengage
Learning India Edition, 2007.
3. Skoog, D.A.; West, D.M. & Holler, F.J. Analytical Chemistry: An Introduction 6th
4. Ed., Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, Philadelphia (1994).
5. Harris, D. C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 9th ed. Macmillan Education, 2016.
6. Dean, J. A. Analytical Chemistry Handbook, McGraw Hill, 2004.
7. Day, R. A. & Underwood, A. L. Quantitative Analysis, Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
8. Freifelder, D.M. Physical Biochemistry 2nd Ed., W.H. Freeman & Co., N.Y. USA
(1982).
9. Cooper, T.G. The Tools of Biochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. USA. 16 (1977).
10. Vogel, A. I. Vogel‟s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis 7th Ed., Prentice Hall, 1996.
11. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel‟s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009.
12. Robinson, J.W. Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis 5th Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc.,
New York (1995).
13. Christian, G.D. Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004.
 SEMESTER-II

SE-2–ANALYTICAL and CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

(Credits: Theory-03)
Theory: 45 Lectures Marks: 50
Review of Concepts from Core Course

Carbohydrates: Biological importance of carbohydrates, Metabolism, Cellular currency

of energy (ATP), Glycolysis, Alcoholic and Lactic acid fermentations, Krebs cycle.
Isolation and characterization of polysachharides.
Proteins: Classification, biological importance; Primary and secondary and tertiary structures
of proteins: α-helix and β- pleated sheets, Isolation, characterization, denaturation of proteins.
Enzymes: Nomenclature, Characteristics (mention of Ribozymes), and Classification; Active
site, Mechanism of enzyme action, Stereospecificity of enzymes, Coenzymes and cofactors,
Enzyme inhibitors, Introduction to Biocatalysis: Importance in “Green Chemistry” and
Chemical Industry.
Lipids: Classification. Biological importance of triglycerides and phosphoglycerides and
cholesterol; Lipid membrane, Liposomes and their biological functions and underlying
applications.
Lipoproteins: Properties, functions and biochemical functions of steroid hormones.
Biochemistry of peptide hormones.
Structure of DNA (Watson-Crick model) and RNA, Genetic Code, Biological roles of DNA
and RNA: Replication, Transcription and Translation, Introduction to Gene therapy.
Enzymes: Nomenclature, classification, effect of pH, temperature on enzyme activity, enzyme
inhibition.

Biochemistry of disease: A diagnostic approach by blood/ urine analysis.

Blood: Composition and functions of blood, blood coagulation. Blood collection and
preservation of samples. Anaemia, Regulation, estimation and interpretation of data for blood
sugar, urea, creatinine, cholesterol and bilirubin.
Urine: Collection and preservation of samples. Formation of urine. Composition and
estimation of constituents of normal and pathological urine.
Reference Books

1. Cooper, T.G. Tool of Biochemistry. Wiley-Blackwell (1977).

2. Wilson, K. & Walker, J. Practical Biochemistry. Cambridge University Press (2009).
3. Varley, H., Gowenlock, A.H & Bell, M.: Practical Clinical Biochemistry, Heinemann,
London (1980).
4. Devlin, T.M., Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, John Wiley &
Sons, 2010.
5. Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L. & Stryer, L. Biochemistry, W.H. Freeman, 2002.
6. Talwar, G.P. & Srivastava, M. Textbook of Biochemistry and Human Biology, 3rd
Ed. PHI Learning.
7. Nelson, D.L. & Cox, M.M. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, W.H. Freeman,
2013.
8. O. Mikes, R.A. Chalmers: Laboratory Handbook of Chromatographic Methods, D.
Van Nostrand & Co., 1961.
 Multidisciplinary Course (MDC) in Chemistry
(This course refers to the “MDC” course in Tables 1, 1A and 2
corresponding to structure of the 4-year UG programme (Honours) and 3-
year UG programme. This course can only be selected for study by students
who have not studied Chemistry at the higher secondary level)

MD-1 OR MD-2

(Credits: Theory-03)
Lectures: 45 Marks: 50

BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY

Importance of Chemistry, Nature of matter, States of matter, solids, liquids, gases,

classification of matter: mixture, pure substance; Properties of matter and their measurement:
Mass, weight, volume, density and temperature. Uncertainty in measurement: precision and
accuracy. Laws of chemical combinations: Law of conservation of mass, law of definite
proportions, law of multiple proportions, Avogadro’s law, Dalton’s atomic theory, Atomic and
molecular masses, Mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, Empirical formula
and molecular formula, Stoichiometry and stoichiometric calculations, Molarity, mole fraction
and molality

STRUCTURE OF ATOM

Discovery of sub-atomic particles: electrons, proton, Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom and
its’ drawbacks, atomic number, mass number, Isobars and isotopes, Bohr’s model for hydrogen
atom

THERMODYNAMICS

The system and the surroundings, types of systems, state of the system, heat, work, internal
energy, First law of thermodynamics.

CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Law of mass action, idea of chemical equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, its applications
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Introduction to haloalkanes, Methods of preparation of haloalkanes; Introduction to alcohols,

phenols and ethers with suitable examples, their preparation (Reaction mechanisms not
required); Introduction to aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids with suitable examples, their
preparations.

ACIDS, BASES AND BUFFER

Introduction to acids and bases, Arrhenius and Lewis concepts, neutralization reactions, acid-
base titration

References

1. NCERT Class XI and XII textbooks in chemistry

2. ISC Class XI and XII textbooks in chemistry